Elderly kidney transplant recipients have favorable outcomes but increased infection-related mortality

임정훈,Lee Ga Young,Jeon Yena,Jung Hee-Yeon,Choi Ji Young,CHO, JANG-HEE,Park Sun Hee,김용림,Kim Hyung-Kee,Huh Seung,유은상,Won Dong Il,Kim Chan-Duck 대한신장학회 2022 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.3

Background: The number of elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease has been increasing, but the outcomes of kidney transplants (KT) remain poorly understood in elderly patients. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of elderly KT recipients and analyzed the impact of elderly donors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent KT between 2000 and 2019. KT recipients were divided into four groups according to a combination of recipient and donor age (≥60 or <60 years); elderly recipients: old-to-old (n = 46) and young-to-old (n = 83); young recipients: old-to-young (n = 98) and young-to-young (n = 796). We compared the risks of mortality, graft failure, and acute rejection between groups using Cox regression analysis. Results: The incidence of delayed graft function, graft failure, and acute rejection was not different among groups. Annual mean tacrolimus trough level was not lower in elderly recipients than young recipients during 10-year follow-up. Mortality was significantly higher in elderly recipients (p = 0.001), particularly infection-related mortality (p < 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, old-toold and young-to-old groups had increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14– 7.32; p = 0.03; aHR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.51–6.20; p = 0.002). However, graft failure and acute rejection risks were not increased in elderly recipients. Conclusion: In elderly recipients, graft survival and acute rejection-free survival were not inferior to those of young recipients. However, mortality, especially risk of infection-related death, was increased in elderly recipients. Thus, low immunosuppression intensity might help decrease mortality in elderly recipients.

남매에서 발생한 심한 용혈성 빈혈과 간경변증을 동반한 Wilson 병 2례

노영일,박동호,서우철,문경래,박상기,박영봉,이미숙,전호종 조선대학교 1995 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.20 No.1

We experienced two case of Wilson's disease in female and male sibling. The first case was a 10 year-old female who showed jaundice. pancytopenia and cirrhotic change in liver biopsy. She died 10 days after diagnosis. The second case of 7 year-old male showed specific symptoms and revealed increased AST/ALT, low serun copper level and increased 24 hour urinary copper excretion level He is being treated with D-penicillamine and follow up examinations.

개 대뇌겉질에서 Platelet-Derived Growth Factor α-Receptor의 출생 후 발달에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

윤영,안병수,김인정,양경철,박선홍,김기훈,박도영,김장만,문정석,장인엽,조하영 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.1

Background and Objectives : The localization of platelet-derived growth factor-α receptor (PDGF-α R) was commonly restricted to oligodendrocyte progenitors during late embryonic and postnatal development. However, several studies recently demonstrated that mature neurons could also synthesize PDGF-α, Materials and Methods : In the present study, to analyze the distributional pattern of PDGF-αR during postnatal development of the canine cerebral cortex, we used immunohistochemistry on sections of canine brain tissue. Results : We found that neurons of various regions of cerebral cortex exhibited the immunoreactivity to PDGF-αR as early as postnatal day 0, and slightly decreased after postnatal day 14. Whereas neuronal PDGF-αR were maintained at all ages, the oligodendroglia-like expression of PDGF-αR could not be confirmed. Conclusion : The localization of PDGF-αR in immature and mature neurons supports the several roles of PDGF during development, protection and survival of neurons.

초등학생 입학 후 발생한 두통의 유병률과 임상적 특성

노영일,김은영,양은석,문경래,박상기,박영봉 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of the study was to determine prevalence and clinical features of the occurrence of childhood headache after the start of elementary school. Method : The survey was performed by a special questionnaire on 552 children in grade 1 (195 children) and grade 6 (357 children) at the three elementary schools from 1 to 31 August, 2002 in Gwangju city. We have analyzed the prevalence and the clinical features of headache of them. Result: The prevalence of headache in grade 6(49.0%) was statistically higher than grade 1(22.6%). The onset time of headache within 6 months in grade 1 (88.2%) was significantly higher than grade 6 (64.1 %). The frequency of headache is more often in grade 6. As for the timing of occurrence of headache, grade 1 student suffered from it after school (36.4%), grade 6 student suffered from it at school (30.9%). Children who suffered from severe headache can't live in the routine life were grade 1 20.5 % and grade 6 21.1 %, respectively. According to the duration of headache, there were within 1 hour grade 1 90.9%, grade 6 81.8%, respectively. Risk factors of headache were, in grade 1, fatigue (34.0%), stress (25.0%), weather change (18.2%), anxiety (11.4%), and others (11.4%). In grade 6, there were fatigue(44.3%), stress (34.0%), weather change(10.9%), others (5.7%) and anxiety (5.1%). Conclusion : Starting school represents a remarkable life event for children. Starting school results in significantly increasing prevalence of overall headache. 목적 : 입학 전에 비해 입학 후 두통의 증가률을 알아보고, 1학년의 두통의 임상적 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2002년 8월 1일부터 31일까지 광주시내 3개 초등학교 1학년과 6학년 학생 612명에게 설문지 (두통 에 대한 주요 설문지 내용 :부록)를 배부하여 그 중 작성이 불량한 60명을 제외한 552명 (1학년 195명, 6학년 357명)을 대상으로 두통의 유병률을 알아보았으며, 임상적 특징은 두통이 있는 학생 219명 (1학년 44명, 6학년 175명)을 대상으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 두통의 빈도는 1학년 44명 (22.6%), 6학년 175명 (49.0%)로 6학년에서 의의 있게 높았다(0.001). 두통의 초발 시기가 6개월 이상인 경우 1학년 11.8%, 6학년 35.9%이였으며, 6개월 미만인 경우는 1학년 88.2%, 6학년 64.1%로 입학 전보다 입학 후에 더 높았으며 6개월 미만의 초발 두통이 1학년에서 의의 있게 높았다(p=o. 03). 두통의 발생빈도는 6학년에서 통계학적으로 의의 있게 높았다(P=0. 03). 두통이 가장 자주 발생하는 시기는 1학년에서 학교 수업 후 (36.4%)이었고, 6학년에서는 학교 수업 중(30.9%)이었다. 학교나 일상 생활을 하기 힘들 정도의 두통은 각각 1학년에서 20.5%, 6학년에서 21.1%이었다. 두통의 지속시간은 1시간 이내인 경우가 각각 1학년 90.9%,6학년 81.8%이었다. 두통의 유별인자는 1학년에서 피로, 수면 부족이 34.0%로 가장 많았으며, 스트레스, 기후 변화, 불안, 기타 순이었고, 6학년은 피로 수면 부족 44.3%로 가장 많았으며, 스트레스 34.0%, 기후 변화, 기타, 불안 순이었다.

모체 Thyroxine 투여가 태아알코올효과를 가진 흰쥐 대뇌겉질 및 해마에서 NPY함유 신경세포의 생후 발달에 미치는 영향

김복,박상기,박영란,김종중,문정석,김주수,문영민,현영식,천관영,정윤영 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

Background and Objectives: Maternal alcohol abuse is considered to be one of the most prominent cause of neurobiological malformations in the postnatal and adult life of the offspring. In this study, we investigated the effects of maternal alcohol drinking on the postnatal development of NPY-containing neuron, and, the influence of thyroxine treatment on the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of pups of alcohol abused mother. Materials and Method: Time-pregnant rats were divided into three groups. Alcohol-fed group A received 35 calories of liquid alcohol diet daily from gestation day 6; control pair-fed group B was fed a liquid diet in dextrin replaced alcohol isocalorically: alcohol + T4 group C received 35 calories liquid alcohol diet and exogenous thyroxine subcutaneously. Results: Group C showed prominent NPY immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex compared to group A and B at P7. In group C, NPY-containing neurons were widely distributed in the all layers of cerebral cortex after P14. Besides, numerical decrease of NPY-containing neuron as age increases was not found in group C. However, the decrease of NPY-containing neuron was clearly observed in group A compared to group C after P14. In hippocampus, group Band C were appeared similar patterns after P7. Additionally, in group C, NPY immunoreactivity was prominently appeared in CA2 and CA3 at P14 as compared to group B. Conclusions: The present results showed the increase of intensity and number of NPY-containing neurons in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of pups of exogenous T₄ supplemented alcohol-exposed dams as compared to control pair-fed and alcohol-exposed pups at P7. It presumably suggest that NPY-containing neurons might be regulated by the early postnatal growth stimulatory effect of the exogenously supplemented T₄. Therefore, the increase of NPY synthesis caused by maternal administration of exogenous thyroxine may ameliorate fetal alcohol effect, one of the ill effects as a result of the dysthyroid state following maternal alcohol abuse.

Variation of Bird community and Habitat use after Developing Hangang river Ecological Learning Center

Paik, In-Hwan,Jin, Seon-Deok,Jeon, Byung-Seon,Yu, Jae-Pyoung,Park, Chi-Young,Paek, Woon-Kee national science museum of korea 2010 Journal of Korean nature Vol.3 No.4

The Hangang (Han River) Ecological Learning Center is a river ecosystem park which was completed in December of 2002. The river ecosystem park was created based on the understanding of the problems of standard park-formed river which centers around convenient facilities instead of on the wish to accentuate the innate unique characteristics of a river. Therefore, the study was conducted in order to analyze the changes and habitation usage of the avifauna in the Hangang Ecological Learning Center to provide basic information for the improvement of bird species diversity in an ecosystem park. The study was conducted in July and October of both 2003 and 2005 to study the avian colonies of the same time period, and the habitat usage of four different areas were examined. Main dominant species includes species which preferred waterside and grassland, and 2005 showed higher levels of species, bird count and number of migratory birds. Furthermore, among the four regions used as habitats, the confluence region showed the highest level of increase, and this is predicted to have caused by the shallow depth of the confluence and the stability of the waterside plant colonies.

2급 와동 수복시 사용방법에 따른 복합 레진 인레이의 변연누출에 관한 실험적 연구

박경준,계기성,고영무,김경남 大韓齒科器材學會 1993 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal microleakage of Class Ⅱ composite resin inlay restoration and to compare the marginal leakage of inlay with indirectly placed composite restoration and that of direct filling composite restoration. MO or DO cavity preparations were cut in 60 extracted human permanent molars. The experimental group was restored with Herculite XR inlay, Clearfil inlay, and E.O.S. inlay with dual cement. The control group was directly filled with Herculite XR after being etched and applied with dentin bonding agent. The specimens were thermocycled 1,000 times between 5℃ and 55℃. Microleakage was evaluated by use of the Methylene bule staining technique. The depth of microleakage was measured with stereomicroscope after the teeth were sectioned. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The marginal leakage was reduced in the order of Clearfil inlay, Herculity XR-inlay, E.O.S. inlay, and Herculite XR-direct filling group at the occlusal margin. 2. The marginal leakage was reduced in the order of Clearfil inlay, Herculity XR-inlay, Herculite XR-direct filling group and E.O.S. inlay at the gingival margin. 3. Generally, the marginal leakage was more greatly showed at the gingival margin than at the occlusal margin. 4. The marginal leakage was greatest at the gingival margin of E.O.S. inlay, and was the least at the occlusal margin of Clearfil inlay.

NaNO₂의 N 핵사중극 공명 연구

박영민,송승기,강재필,서용문 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 1995 자연과학논문집 Vol.12 No.-

펄스형 핵사중극 공명장치(Pulsed system)를 이용하여 상온에서 NaNO? 분말시료의 위와 아래 공명진동수, 핵사중극 결합상수, 비대칭인자와 스핀-스핀완화시간을 구하였다. FID공명선으로부터 구한 값은 υ+=4.6354 NHz/ υ-=3.5983 MHz, e?qQ/h=5.4891 MHz와n=0.3779이었다. 90?,ι, 180? 펄스연속(spin-echo 신호)과 r를 변화시켜 얻은 진폭을 이용하여 스핀 -스핀 완화시간 T2를 측정하였다. 이결과 υ(T?)=2.50ms, υ-(T?)=2.17ms임을 보였다. Measurements of the upper and lower resonance freqency, quadrupole coupling constant, asymmetry parameter and spin-spin relaxation time are reported for NaNO? powder sample by using the pulsed NQR system at room temperature.From FID line-shapes, we obtained υ=4.6354 MHz, υ=3.5983 MHz, e?qQ/h=5.4891 MHz and η=0.3779. The spin-spin relaxation time T? was maesured using a 90?,ι, 180? pulsed sequanco (spin-echo signals) and varying τwhile measuring the amplitude of the echo. The result showed υ+(T?) =2.50 ms and υ+(T?) =2.17ms.

연기금 자산운용체계의 개선에 관한 연구

박영규,류근옥,신기철 한국보험학회 2002 保險學會誌 Vol.62 No.-

최근 들어 연금기금의 적립규모는 급속하게 팽창하고 있으며 이에 따라 자본시장과 국민경제에 미치는 영향이 증대하고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 우리 나라 연금기금 자산운용 체계의 현황과 문제점을 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 바람직한 자산운용체재 개편방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 자본시장에서 연금기금 자산운용은 자본의 공급을 늘려 줌은 물론 투자기간의 장기화, 기관화를 촉진하는 등 순기능의 효과가 크다. 그러나, 조사결과 현행 연금기금의 자산운용은 전문성이 떨어지고 성과 면에서는 시장의 자산운용 전문가들에 비해서 나은 성과를 나타내지 못하고 있다. 반대로 자산운용의 집중화로 시장지배권, 독립성, 전문성 면에서 않은 문제점을 나타내고 있다. 이러한 문제들은 연기금운용의 계획, 실행, 감독체계가 제대로 확립되어 있지 못하는데 기인하는 바가 크다. 이에 본 논문은 자본시장에서의 비중 제고, 외부위탁, 자산배분과 위험관리 체계구축과 기금운용위원회의 지배구조 개선, 평가 및 감독제도의 강화를 위한 구체적인 방안을 제시하고 이를 통해 향후 연금기금 자산운용이 지향해야 될 바를 모색하였다. The public pension fund size proliferates in Korea and its impact on capital market as well as on the national economy is ever increasing. This paper intend to discuss and analyze the current situation and problems in public pension management in Korea. It is found that Korean pension funds management bears series of problems. These include the dependency on government, lack of fund management and risk management expertise, as well as inadequate bureaucracy in the management hierarchy. Besides, the size of public pension funds grew to the level that can dominates the capital market and is possibly bring more problems to the market. Therefore, it is necessary to establish new pension fund management systems in Korea at this point. We, discuss and proposes the directions and the methods to achieve this goal which include outsourcing the pension fund management and establishing the public pension fund management supervisory bureau among others.

췌십이지장절제술 후 발생한 지속적인 구토증과 Wernicke 뇌병증

박우영,김성완,이삼연,신일선,김재민,박기형,양수진,윤진상 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.3

Wernicke encephalopathy is an acute neurologic disorder attributable to thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. We report the case of a 61-year-old female patient who presented Wernicke encephalopathy after surgery for pancreatic head cancer. From the ninth postoperative day, she had suffered from nausea and vomiting and had difficulties ingesting food, she was given total parenteral nutrition (TPN), but lacked adequate vitamin (thiamine) supplementation. After 28 days, she developed ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and mental confusion. The magnetic resonance image showed pathologic changes in the medial thalamus,periaqueductal gray matter, medulla and mamillary bodies. The blood level of thiamine was very low. After intravenous and oral supplementation of thiamine (200 mg/day), consciousness was soon normalized and neurologic symptoms have gradually been improving. Nausea and vomiting disappeared after administration of a low dose of mirtazapine (7.5 mg/day). We emphasize the importance of thiamine supplementation to the patients who suffer from vomiting which hinders them from taking food and who require prolonged TPN.