홧병 경험군과 홧병 비경험군간의 홧병의 질병개념에 대한 비교연구

홍진표,김창윤,이창화,김성윤,박인호,이철,한오수 울산대학교 의과대학 1995 울산의대학술지 Vol.4 No.2

Objective The concept of Hwa-byung in terms of illness entity remains vague. In order to clarify such illness entity, this study was conducted to find out differences and similarities in subjects who experienced Hwa-byung and those who did not experienced Hwa-byung from a wide distribution within the general population. Method (1) Test Material The questionnaires were made up with reference to previously published articles on Hwa-byung, to SCL-90-R and to diagnostic criteria of DSM-Ⅲ-R. The questionnaires included the subject's demographic variables, their awareness of Hwa-byung, their experience of Hwa-byung, and also their opinions about its possible causes, precipitating factors, symptomatology, effective treatment modalities, course and prognosis of Hwa-byung. Such questionnaires were given to 50 subjects, all of whom are psychiatric out-patients at Asan Medical Center, for determining its validity and reliability before selecting 27 questionnaires. (2) Subject Subjects were recruited from among patients and their family members who visited the out-patient clinics of seven different departments at Asan Medical Center in Seoul a large metropolis (N=334), the out-patient clinics of seven different departments of Hae Sung General Hospital in the industrial city of Ulsan, Korea (N=299) and the seven branches of the public health center of Yeonchun county, Korea (N=262), a rural area. From these 895 subjects, 67 subjects who don't know about Hwa-byung and 34 subjects who didn't answered to the question on experience were eliminated from study subjects. The final number of study subjects was 794. (3) Methods of analysis The subjects were divided into the Hwa-byung experienced group and the Hwa-byung inexperienced group. The demographic data and the concepts of Hwa-byung were statistically analyzed by the student t-test or the chi-sq test. Results and Discussion The mean age of the Hwa-byung experienced group is significantly higher than that of the Hwa-byung inexperienced group. MOre women experienced Hwa-byung than men and lesser educated subjects experienced significantly more Hwa-byung. The place of residence, the place of upbringing and socioeconomic status have no significant difference statistically between the two groups. Both groups considered the primary cause of Hwa-byung as being psychological origin. However in the Hwa-byung experienced group, more subjects considered that the supernatural factor was the primary cause of Hwa-byung. One of the primary precipitating events causing Hwa-byung in both groups is conflict in interpersonal relationships ; however, the Hwa-byung inexperienced group exhibited more experiences in the realm of economical losses such as "failure of business" or "loss of capital" as precipitating factors causing Hwa-byung. Both groups consider that the symptoms of Hwa-byung are a combination of multiple physical and mental symptoms. With particular respect to in mental symptoms, such as depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and hostility are thought to be prominent features. As effective treatment modalities, subjects in both groups consider that both himself and his family members should make effort to resolve intrafamilial conflicts. But in contrast with the Hwa-byung inexperienced group, the Hwa-byung experienced group requires more concrete and more attention-giving modalities as important treatment strategies. The Hwa-byung experienced group considers its prognosis more grave than the Hwa-byung inexperienced group.

Bupivacaine과 ropivacaine이 Xenopus oocyte에 발현된 HERG 전류에 미치는 영향

김국성,이규승,김효신,손숙진,이상도,김광진,전병화,김윤희,박진봉 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

Bupivacaine is an amide-type local anesthetic widely used for regional anesthesia. Ropivacaine is developed as a less cardiotoxic alternatives to bupivacaine. In the present study, we have analyzed the effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine on HERG currents expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Bupivacaine and ropivacaine(3∼1,000μM) blocked HERG currents in a concentration dependent manner. EC_(50) was 26.1±3.1μM(n_(R) 0.65±0.04) and 43.5±7.9μM(n_(H) 0.99±0.13) in bupivacaine and ropivacaine, respectively. Bupivacaine and ropivacaine did not affect the activation and deactivation kinetics of HERG channels. However, the drugs decreased the slope conductance measured from fully activated current-voltage relationship curves. These results suggest that bupivacaine and ropivacaine have a similarinhibitory effect on HERG channels, which could be a possible cellular mechanism of LQT or ventricular arrythmia by the drugs.

Do We Still Use The Camitta"s Criteria For Severe Aplastic Anemia?

( Hyun Hwa Yoon1 ),( Sung Hyun Kim1 ),( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Seok Jae Huh ),( Suee Lee ),( Sung Yong Oh ),( Hyuk Chan Kwon ),( Hyo Jin Kim ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-

Three-Dimensional Z-Plasty(Yoon's Method)를 이용한 내안각 췌피 성형술

박흥식,김우신,윤진호,나민화,김한중 대한미용성형외과학회 1997 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.3 No.1

The presence of epicanthal folds in Asian eyelids is one of their unique features, in combination with the lack of supratarsal folds. Western culture has influenced many people to prefer to eliminate the prominent epicanthal fold. A number of surgical techniques have been suggested for their correction. However, difficulty with design, excessive and prominent scarring of medial canthal and nasal area, recurrence, and rigidity of application are potential problems associated with many procedures. This paper describes a epicanthoplasty with three-dimensional Z-plasty. Through epicanthal fold incision, the medial canthal tendon is medially advanced and sutured to the periosteum of nasal bone. After the transposition of the flaps, trimming of the flap is usually required. Three-dimensional Z-plasty creates the attractive eyes. From March, 1995 to March, 1997, the technique was applied to 37 patients with epicanthal fold and was performed with or without double-fold operation. There were 34 females and 3 males with ages ranging from 17 to 30 years. Through 2 years follow-up, this technique has delivered esthetically good results with minimal postoperative scar and could made the reduction of ICD from 40 ± 2.13 mm to 34 ± 1.98 mm. The advantages of epicanthoplasty procedure using three-dimensional Z-plasty(Yoon's method) are as follows; 1) simple in design 2)minimal postoperative scar in the medial canthal area 3) versatile in its application 4) no recurrence 5) no hypertrophic scar 6) preserving ethnic identity.

축산분뇨 혐기소화 잔재물의 특성 및 초지 적용성 평가

김승민(Seung Min Kim),정웅기(Woong-gi Jung),성용주(Yong Joo Sung),안희권(Hee-Kwon Ahn),김동성(Dong Sung Kim),윤도현(Do-Hyun Yoon),김동섭(Dong-Seop Kim1),정광화(Hwa Gwang Jung) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2014 펄프.종이기술 Vol.46 No.3

토끼 복부 내벽으로부터 분리된 경락으로 믿어지는 관조직

손준형 ( Joon Hyung Sohn ),윤진하 ( Jin-ha Yoon ),김영주 ( Young Joo Kim ),김민경 ( Min Kyung Kim ),김지화 ( Ji Hwa Kim ),권오현 ( Ohyun Kwon ),김현원 ( Hyun-won Kim ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2016 대한미용학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Investigation of meridian line and acupoints as anatomical entities should be very important, as acupuncture and meridian massage for medical purpose in the hospital or for skin care in beauty shop are each based on the traditional meridian theory. We isolated tubular structures under the skin of rabbits where the traditional meridian lines are located. The characteristics of these tubular structures isolated from the abdominal wall matches those of Bonghan tubes and Bonghan tubules found by Bong Han Kim. The Bonghan theory established by Bong Han Kim suggests that meridian lines consist of Bonghan tubes and Bonghan tubules. We could observe the presence of large cells inside the Bonghan tubule and the presence of small granules referred to as Sanal in Bonghan theory inside the striae consisting of the Bonghan tubules. Present research suggests that there exist a third unique tubular structure where Sanals flow other than Bonghan tube and Bonghan tubules.

정맥내 통증자가조절법을 이용한 Nalbuphine-Ketorolac과 Butorphanol-Ketorolac의 술후 진통효과 비교

윤석화,이원형,손수창,신용섭,김윤희,양신영 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

This study aimed to compare analgegic efficacy, satisfaction score and side effect of nalbuphine-ketorolac and butorphanol-ketorolac by using intravenous patient controlled analgesia(IV-PCA) for postoperative anlgesia following a gastrectomy for stomach cancer. Ninety patients who had undergone gastrectomy for stomach cancer under general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. Each group recieived nalbuphine 50mg with ketorolac 150mg(Group 1, n=45) and butorphanol 5mg with ketorolac 150mg(Group 2, n=45) by using IV-PCA during postoperative 48hrs. Assessments for pain with numerical rating scale(NRS), and side effects were evaluated at 2hr, 6hr, 12hr, 24hr, 36hr and 48hr after the operation. There were no significant difference in NRS for pain during rest, but Group 2 requested significantly greater amount of supplementary diclofenac during first 24 hours. Side effects were higher Group 1 in pruritus, nausea and vomiting and Group 2 in sedation, nausea and vomiting. This study suggests that adding ketorolac with intravenous nalbuphine or butrophanol in using an intravenous PCA can decrease analgesics requirement and improve analgesic property without the major morbidity like respiratory depression, but needs for the careful observation and treatment on the side effects like nausea. vomiting, pruritis and sedation...

교정환자의 브라켓과 치아 경계부에 존재하는 치면세균막내 mutans streptococci 종 및 생물형의 식별

김미애,유소영,김화숙,국중기,임성훈,윤영주,김광원 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.1

본 연구는 교정환자의 브라켓과 치아 경계부 및 브라켓으로부터 2 mm 이상 떨어진 치아 평활면의 치면세근막에 존재하는 mutaus streptococci의 종 및 생물형에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 시행되었다. 조선대학교 치과병원에 내원한 13세 이상 35세 미만의 환자 28명으로부터 브라켓을 장착하고 있는 61개 치아에서 치균세균막을 채취하여 mutans streptococci를 MSB 배지에서 선택적으로 분리한 다음, 이들의 지놈 DNA를 추출하여 dextranase 유전자를 표적으로 하는 중합효소연쇄반응법을 시행하고, 그 증폭물을 Hae Ⅲ로 소화하고, 이를 전기영동하여 제한효소절편길이에 따라 그 종을 식별하였다. 또한 생물형을 조사하기 위하여 생화학적 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 브라켓과 치아 경계부 및 브라켓으로부터 2 mm 이상 떨어진 평활면의 치면세균막에 존재하는 mutans streptococci 종은 서로 비슷한 검출 빈도를 보이나 두 곳에 존재하는 mutans streptococci 생물형은 서로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 브라켓과 치아 경계부 및 치아 평활면의 치면세균막의 mutans streptococci 생물형의 차이와 브라켓 주위의 법랑질 탈회 및 치아우식증 발병과의 상관관계에 대한 연구가 필요하다. The aim of this study was to compare the species and biotypes of mutans streptococci isolated from dental plaques sampled from the interfaces between the bracket and tooth surface and smooth tooth surfaces in orthodontic patients. Dental plaque was collected from the interfaces between brackets and teeth (test group), and from smooth tooth surfaces distant from brackets by more than 2 mm (control group). The dental plaque collected by a sterilized curette was transferred into a vial of 1 X PBS. The sample in the vial was vigorously vortexed for1 min and plated on mitissalivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar plate using cotton tips. The agar plates were incubated at 37℃ in a candle jar for 2 days, and again incubated for 1 more day at anambient temperature. Individual colonies were cultured in TH broth at 37℃ CO₂ incubator. The PCR-RFLP based on dextranase gene was performed for the identification of mutans streptococci at the species-level. For biotyping of mutans streptococci, biochemical tests were performed. There was no significant difference of the species of mutans streptococci isolated from both test and control groups. However, the biotypes of the mutans streptococci isolated from test and control groups were different. These results may offer the basic data to verify the relationship between the mutans streptococci biotype and enamel decalcification or dental caries in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances.

체내 납부담의 지표로서 누적 혈중 납량과 누적 혈중 ZPP가 납 관련 신기능에 미치는 영향

윤강호,김남수,김진호,김화성,이병국 대한산업의학회 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.4

목적: 체내 납부담의 지표로서 누적 혈중 납량과 누적 혈중 ZPP가 납관련 신기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 678명의 납 작업자들을 대상으로 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방법: 누적 혈중 납량과 누적 혈중 ZPP는 입사시부터 매 1년간의 혈중 납량과 혈중 ZPP를 누적하여 구하였다. 입사시기가 1983년 이전인 납 작업자의 경우는 최초 혈중 납량과 최초 혈중 ZPP를 그 이전의 값으로 추정하여 구하였다. 체내 납부담의 지표로서 골중 납량과 DMSA착화납량을 측정하였으며, 최근의 납 노출 지표로서는 혈중 납량과 혈중 ZPP를 측정하였다. 신기능을 평가하는 지표로서는 임상 신기능 지표로서 BUN과 혈청 creatinine을 측정하였고, 신기능 조기지표로는 NAG (N-acetyl-D- glucosamide)와 RBP (Retinol binding protein)를 측정하였다. 결과: 혈중 납량과 혈중 ZPP의 누적지수와 골중 납량과는 결정계수(r²)는 각각 0.72와 0.567로서 유의한 상관이 있었으며 이들 누적지수와 골중 납량은 곡선형적 모델이 더 적합하였다. 신기능 지표들을 종속변수로 하고 성, 연령, 직력 및 음주와 흡연을 통제한 후 혈중 납량과 혈중 ZPP를 독립변수로 한 중회귀분석에서 혈중 납량은 4개의 신기능 지표들 중 지수 변환한 NAG와만 유의한 관련이 있는 반면, 혈중 ZPP는 지수변환한 NAG를 제외한 신기능 지표들과 유의한 관련이 있었다. 한편 신기능 지표들을 종속변수로 하고 연령 및 직력과 음주와 흡연을 통제한 후 체내 납 부담노출지표들을 독립변수로 한 중회귀분석에서 골중 납량과 혈중 ZPP 누적지수는 4개의 신기능 지표들과 유의한 관련이 있는 반면, DMSA 착화납량과 혈중 납량 누적지수는 BUN을 제외한 신기능 지표들과 유의한 관련이 있었다. 결론: 상기한 결과로 보아 혈중 납량과 혈중 ZPP의 누적지수는 체내 납부담의 지표로서 효용성이 입증되었으며, 특히 혈중 ZPP의 누적지수가 혈중 납량의 누적지수보다 체내 납부담의 대리지표로서 더 좋은 것으로 나타났다. Objective: To evaluate the possibility of cumulative blood lead and blood ZPP as surrogates of lead body burden and to investigate their association with renal function as an index of lead body burden. Methods: The study subjects comprised 678 lead workers with past blood lead and blood ZPP data from their employment. Cumulative blood and ZPP were calculated by accumulating the every year mean value of both indices from the new employment since 1983. To assess the cumulative data of lead workers who started their lead work before 1983, the years before 1983 were simulated with the first available data from 1983. Study variables for lead body burden were tibia bone lead and DMSA chelatable lead, whereas those for current lead biomarkers were blood lead and blood ZPP. BUN and serum creatinine were selected as clinical renal biomarkers, while NAG (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) and RBP (Retinol binding protein) were selected as early renal biomarkers. Results: The association between cumulative blood lead and blood ZPP with tibia bone lead was statistically significant with determinant coefficients (r²) of 0.72 and 0.567, respectively, and their relationships were better explained by the curvilinear regression model. In multiple regression analysis of current lead biomarkers on the renal biomarkers after controlling for possible confounders (age, sex, job duration, smoking and drinking status), blood lead was associated only with log-transformed NAG, whereas blood ZPP was associated with 3 other renal biomarkers. On the other hand, in multiple regression analysis of biomarkers of lead body burden on renal biomarkers after controlling for possible confounders (age, sex, job duration, smoking and drinking status), cumulative blood ZPP and tibia bone lead were associated with all 4 renal function biomarkers, whereas cumulative blood lead and DMSA chelatable lead were associated with 3 renal biomarkers except BUN. Conclusion: Cumulative blood and ZPP were demonstrated to be good surrogates of lead burden. Furthermore, the cumulative blood ZPP was confirmed to have a better association than the cumulative blood lead.

백서의 적출된 기도평활근에서 Ketamine의 이완효과

윤석화,김윤희,김상수,이상묵 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2

The effects of anesthetics on airway smooth muscle tone are important in the management of patients with asthma. Airway epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells modulate the tone of the underlying smooth muscle by releasing relaxing factors such as prostanoids and nitric oxide (NO). Ketamine, at concentrations achieved with the usual clinical doses, has a direct relaxant effect on airway smooth muscle. In the present study we evaluated whether the relaxant effect of ketamine depend on any of the epithelium-derived relaxing factors. Isolated rat tracheal preparations mounted in water-jacketed organ baths filled with modified Tris Tyrode buffer solution with 100% oxygen at 37˚C for recording isometric contractile force. In the first experimental step, Tracheae, in the absence and in the presence of epithelium, were contracted with acetylcholine(10^-8M-10^-3M), and we plotted concentration -response curve for the Ach. And then we examined the inhibitory effect of ketamine(10^-5 and 10^-4M) on the concentration-response curve for Ach. In the second experimental steps, we studied the effect of N-omega-nitro L-arginine methylester(L-NAME) on the relaxant activity of ketamine(10^-6-10^-3M) on trachea contracted by 10^-5M Ach. In the result, 1) Removal of the tracheal epithelium did not change the response to Ach. 2) 10^-5M ketamine not significantly changed, but 10^-4 M ketamine shifted to the right the concentration-response curves for Ach in both intact and denuded epithelium rings. 3) L-NAME did not influence the relaxant effect of ketamine on trachea contracted by 10^-5 M Ach. These results indicate that ketamine-induced tracheal smooth muscle relaxation is epithelium-independent and may be is mediated by inhibition of Ca^++ influx in nonspecific way.