FC 1-4 : A survey of attitudes, knowledge, and behavior regarding sun exposure and sunscreen use

( Sih Yeok Jang ),( Hyeong Ho Ryu ),( Eun Jung Hwang ),( Hyun Sun Park ),( So Yun Cho ),( Hyun Sun Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Although sunscreen is used as a primary strategy to prevent sunburn, photoaging and skin cancer, only a few people regularly use sunscreen. Objectives: To investigate the awareness of effects of sunlight, the extent of sun exposure, and the behaviors about sunscreen uses in Korean. Methods: A questionnaire was administered 255 adult patients visited Dermatology Department at Seoul National University Boramae Hospital. It included questions about the awareness of benefit or harm of sunlight, perceived and actual extent of sun exposure, the use of sun-protective methods including sunscreen. Results: Sun exposure was chosen as the major cause of dyschromia (61.2%), skin cancer (62.8%) and wrinkle (28.6%). Respondents were likely to underestimate the extent of sun exposure. On average, quite a few respondents stated that they were exposed to sunlight more than one hour per day (23.1% on weekdays, 53.4% on weekends). But, only 8.7% thought that their sun exposures were problematic and 62.2% of respondents considered moderate sunlight exposure good for health. People`s sun protective behaviors were inadequate: only 30.8% used sunscreen regularly; 18.4% have never used sunscreen. SPF was the most important factor choosing sunscreen and 86.0% used sunscreen labeled SPF over 30. In contrast, only 40.3% used PA+++ sunscreen. Conclusion: Despite a fairly good knowledge about harmful effects of sunlight, people underestimated the risks of their sun exposure and behaviors were suboptimal.

군사시설 이전부지 공원화 사례분석을 통한 시사점 도출

박준영,이은엽,송선영,엽정식,Park, Joon-Young,Lee, Eun-Yeob,Song, Sun-Young,Yeob, Jung-Sik 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2014 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.5 No.4

군사시설 이전부지는 근본적으로 공공 시설적 성격을 띄고 있어 공공 복리를 위한 활용 요구도가 높아지고 있으며, 이로 인해 공원으로 조성하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 군사시설 이전부지에 대한 공원조성 사례를 분석한 결과 몇가지의 시사점을 도출하게 되었다. 공원조성의 목표는 도시재생의 개념 및 지역활성화 차원에서 접근할 필요가 있다. 이전부지를 전면 개조하는 방식보다는 기존 시설들을 최대한 재활용하여 경제적 이득을 취하고 동시에 지역정체성과 역사성을 재현할 필요가 있다. 공원의 규모가 대형화 되고 있어 단일시설 및 프로그램 보다는 복합공간으로 조성해 줄 필요가 있으며, 공원조성에 막대한 비용이 소요되므로 단계적으로 공원을 조성하는 방안을 고려할 필요가 있다. 군사시설이 지니고 있는 특수한 상황으로 공원조성 과정에서 현장조사가 미흡하여 설계변경 또는 오염처리에 막대한 비용이 소요되므로 사전에 이를 고려할 필요가 있다. 또한, 민간사업자에게 일부 부지에 대해 개발권을 위임하고 개발이익으로 공원조성과 운영관리비를 충당하는 방안도 검토가 필요하다. 군사시설 이전기지는 다양한 이해관계에 놓여 있으므로 사업추진과정에서 민관협치의 의사결정기구를 운영하는 방안을 고려할 필요가 있다. 다양한 재원조달과 수익사업 확대, 봉사 및 후원 활성화, 트러스트 및 비영리 단체의 공원운영 관리 참여 확대 등을 위해서는 도시공원 관련제도의 보완이 요구된다. Because of their nature as public facilities, demands that former military facilities be utilized for the public welfare are increasing, thereby leading to an increase in cases in which these military facilities are reestablished as parks. Cases in which former military bases were reestablished as public parks were analyzed; as a result, several implications were derived. First, the objectives of public park projects should be examined from the perspective of the concept of urban regeneration and regional revitalization. Moreover, it is necessary that profits are yielded and that regional identity and history are reproduced through reusing existing facilities as much as possible rather than entirely remodeling former military sites. As parks become larger in size, bases should be reorganized into complexes rather than single facilities or programs. It is also necessary that parks be established in stages considering the enormous expenses required for building public parks. Consequently, because the special characteristics of military facilities can lead to insufficient on-site investigation in the process of establishing parks, thereby incurring a vast amount of costs for design adjustment and contamination disposal, this should be considered in advance. A method of delegating the development rights to partial sites to private businesses and supplementing the costs of park establishment and maintenance with development benefits should be examined. In addition, given that there are various interests and stakes in former military bases, a method of operating a public-private cooperative decision-making organization during project execution should be considered. Finally, policies related to urban parks need to be improved in order to raise funds, expand profitable businesses, facilitate social services and sponsorship, and encourage the participation of trusts and non-profit organizations in park operation and management.

스넥코너에서 채취한 튀김기름의 신선도에 관하여

박규영,박모라,서수경,손순희,정경희,정유선 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1985 家政大論集 Vol.4 No.-

대구 시내 전역에 산재해 있는 튀김 음식점과 스넥코너등에서 튀김중인 기름에 대한 변패도를 알아 보기 위해 여름철과 겨울철 두 계절에 또 튀김물의 종류별로 시료 186개를 채취하여 산가, 과산화물가, carbonyl가 및 TBA가를 측정한 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 산가, 과산화물가, carbonyl가 및 TBA가는 각각 2.2, 47, 19, 0.7로 나타났다. 2. 여름철로가 겨울철을 비교해 본 결과는 산가, 과산화물가, carbonyl가는 여름철이 높았으나 TBA가는 두 계절이 비슷하였다. 3. 튀김물의 종류에 따른 기름의 변패도는 오뎅, 핫도그, 닭, 야채, 도나스 순으로 나타났다. In order to investigate the degree of changes in quality of frying oils to be used atsnack corners and street stalls in Taegu area. acid value (AV), peroxide value(POV), carbonyl value (COV), and TBA value were measured. 95 samples insummer and 91 samples in winter were collected from oils fried for fish cake, hotdogs,chicken, vegetable and doughnuts. The mean value of AV, POV and COV on the fryingoils collected in summer were higher than those in winter, while TBA value of oilsin summer ·was similar to that in winter. According to the kinds of fried food, thedegree of the change in quality of frying oil was high in order of fish cake, hotdog,chicken, vegetable ana doughnut.

관동맥 재개통 후 QTc간격분산의 감소 : 정량적으로 측정한 심근 허혈의 호전 정도와의 연관성 Relationships with the Quantitative Degree of Improvement in Myocardial Ischemia

박상선,최기준,남기병,이철환,홍멸기,박성욱,박승정,신중우,문대혁,김유호 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

서울·경기지역 병원직원의 혈액매개 감염노출에 대한 다기관 조사연구

박미라,김정은,박은숙,최정실,정선영,송영구,홍성관,김준명,허애정,양동규,조영주 대한병원감염관리학회 2003 의료관련감염관리 Vol.8 No.1

The Efficacy and Safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% Cream for the Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized Controlled Split-face Trial

( Sun Young Huh ),( Jung Won Shin ),( Jung Im Na ),( Chang Hun Huh ),( Sang Woong Youn ),( Kyoung Chan Park ) 대한피부과학회 2010 Annals of Dermatology Vol.22 No.1

Background: Melasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis that occurs on sun-exposed areas, and it is frequently observed among women. Various treatment modalities have been tried, but none are completely satisfactory. 4-n-butylresorcinol, which is a resorcinol derivative that has an inhibitory effect on both tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1, was introduced in 1995 and it has received increasing attention as a new hypopigmenting agent. However, the hypopigmenting effect of 4-n-butylresorcinol in human subjects has only been shown in a few studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the hypopigmenting efficacy and safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream for the treatment of melasma. Methods: Twenty patients with melasma were enrolled to this randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, split-face comparative study. The patients were instructed to apply 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream or vehicle to each side of the face twice daily for 8 weeks. Mexameter measurements were performed along with photography at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Adverse events were observed and recorded throughout the study. Results: All the patients completed the study. Mexameter measurements demonstrated that the melanin index of the treated side showed a significant decrease when compared with that of the vehicle-treated side after 4 weeks (p=0.006) and after 8 weeks (p<0.0005). All the adverse reactions were mild and transient. Conclusion: 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream showed rapid efficacy and it was well tolerated when used for the treatment of melasma. (Ann Dermatol 22(1) 21∼25, 2010)

김치유래 젖산균의 균체지방산 분석을 이용한 분류학적 연구

이정숙,정민철,김우식,이근철,김홍중,박찬선,이헌주,주윤정,이근종,안종석,박완,박용하,민태익 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

표준균주를 포함한 230여개의 김치유래 젖산균에 대한 균체지방산(FAMEs)을 분석하였다. FAMEs profiles는 Euclidian Distance 17.5에 의해 7개의 Major Cluster와 1개의 Single Cluster로 나뉘어졌다. 이중 A, B, C 및 Cluster는 Leuconostoc속으로 분석되어졌고, F는 Lactobacillus속으로 분석되어졌다. 그리고 E와 G cluster는 두개의 Genus가 혼재되어 나타났으며 보충적인 연구가 필요하다. 앞으로 김치유래 젖산균의 균체지방산 분석결과를 기반으로 한 데이타베이스에 95가지 탄소원을 이용하는 수치분류학적 접근방법 및 Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry 등의 화학적 분석 방법과 분자친화적 연구를 통한 종합적 분류정보 체계가 갖추어지면 젖산균의 신속, 정확한 동정 및 연구에 활발히 이용되어질 것이다. Two hundreds and thirty lactic acid bacteria, mostly isolated from Kimchi, including type strains were sued for analysis of cellular fatty acids. The 230 test strains were recoverd in 7 major and 1 single clusters defined a Euclidian distance of 17.5. These aggregate taxa were equivalent to the genus Leuconostoc (aggregate group A, B, C and D), and the genera Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus (aggregate group G). It is concluded as evident that FAMEs (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) profile of cell can be used as a criterion in classification of lactic acid bacterial from kimchi. Additional comparative taxonomic studies need to be carried out on well chosen representative strains to determine the most appropriate methods of value.

부모양육태도와 자존감이 학교폭력 가해행동에 미치는 영향 특성화 고등학교를 중심으로 -

박선주 ( Park Sun Joo ),조휘연 ( Cho Hui Youn ),황선정 ( Whang Sun Jung ) 한국사회복지경영학회 2019 사회복지경영연구 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구의 주된 목적은 학교폭력 가해 경험이 있는 특성화 고등학교 학생들의 부모 양육태도가 학교폭력 가해 행동에 미치는 영향과, 자존감이 학교폭력 가해행동에 미치는 영향, 부모의 양육태도가 자존감에 미치는 영향 및 학생들의 학교폭력에 대한 인식을 분석하는데 있다. 연구대상은 총 122명으로 학교폭력 가해 경험이 있는 특성화 고등학교 남학생과 여 학생(남자 101명 여자 21명)이었다. 측정도구로는 부모양육태도와 배경정보에 대한 것은 Barber(1997)의 척도를 토대로 문항을 재구성하여 다시 제작한 김해영(2000)의 척도와, 자존감 측정도구로는 Rosenberg(1965)의 자존감 척도를 이춘진, 원호택 (1995)이 번안한 한국판 척도를 사용하였고, 학교폭력 가해 경험은 김준호, 김선애(2003)가 개발하고 김언지 (2004)가 수정 보완한 학교폭력 경험 측정도구 중 가해경험 문항을 사용하였으며, 학교폭력에 관한 인식은 김범수(2009)의 설문을 질적 문항으로 수정 보완하여 사용하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모의 양육태도가 학교폭력에 미치는 영향을 분석해 본 결과, 부모의 양육태도 중에 자율이 높아질수록 학교폭력은 낮아진다고 나타났다. 둘째, 부모의 양육태도가 자존감에 미치는 영향을 분석해 본 결과, 부모의 양육태도 중에 신뢰가 높아질수록 자존감이 높아진다고 나타났다. 셋째, 자존감이 학교폭력에 미치는 영향을 분석해 본 결과, 자존감은 학교폭력에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 응답하였다. 넷째, 특성화 고등학교 학교폭력 가해 경험이 있는 학생들의 학교폭력에 대한 인식을 분석해 본 결과 학교폭력이 매우 심각하다고 가장 많이 응답하였으며, 보통, 미응답, 심각하다의 순으로 나타났다. 학교폭력의 주도적인 해결자로는 당사자가 가장 많은 응답을, 학교, 미응답, 경찰, 친구의 순으로 나타났다. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of parenting behavior on school violence behavior of students of specialized high schools with experience in school violence, the impact of self-esteem on school violence behavior, the impact of parenting attitude on self-esteem, and the perception of school violence on students. A total of 122 students were subject to the study, with boys and girls from specialized high schools (101 men and 21 women) with experience in committing school violence. For measuring instruments, parents' adoptive attitudes and background information are based on Barber (1997), Kim Hae-young (2000) reconstructed and recreated based on Barber (1995), and Rosenberg (1965V s self-esteem measures were used by Lee Chun―jin and Won Ho―taek (1995),while Kim Sun-joon (1995) developed a Korean version of a school violence experience. The results of the analysis are as follows. First,after analyzing the impact of parental attitudes on school violence, it was found that the higher the self-esteem, the lower the school violence. Second, after analyzing the impact of parental attitudes on self-esteem, the higher the level of confidence among parents' attitudes, the higher the level of self-esteem. Third,after analyzing the impact of self-esteem on school violence, the results showed that self-esteem does not affect school violence. Fourth, after analyzing the perception of school violence by students with experience of committing school violence in specialized high schools,the school violence was most said to be very serious, in the order of normal,unresponsive and serious. As the leading solver of school violence, the parties responded the most,followed by schools,non-response, police and friends.

Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Jung Min Bae ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.4

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485~490, 2014)

분석심리학적 관점에서 본 동의보감의 정신치료

박선영 ( Park Sun Young ),정인모 ( Jung In Mo ),여한구 ( Yeo Han Koo ) 한국정신분석심리상담학회 2022 정신분석심리상담(구 정신역동치료) Vol.8 No.-

본 연구는 Jung의 분석심리학적 관점에서 동의보감의 병리와 치료원리를 탐구한 연구이다. 연구 결과, 분석심리학의 핵심 개념인 대극의 원리가 동의보감을 관통하는 기본적인 철학임을 알 수 있고, 동의보감에 나타난 정신치료 원리는 3가지로 구분할 수 있다. 첫째, 정신의 작용은 에너지 균형과 순환을 나타내는 소장평형(消長平衡)의 원리로 모든 우주 만물이 형태나 성격이 바뀔 뿐 에너지는 사라지지 않고 균형을 이루는, 대극의 초월과 합일을 통해 계속 순환하는 만물의 생성과 소멸의 원리이다. 둘째, 정신병리는 대극의 불균형을 극복하려는 물극필반(物極必反)의 원리로 에너지가 한쪽으로 치우쳐 불균형이 심화되면 다시 반대쪽으로 에너지가 기울게 된다는 상호작용의 원리이다. 정신병리는 불균형을 만드는 에너지의 일방성과 에너지의 상호작용의 부재 및 부조화, 들고나는 에너지의 속도 차이에 의해 초래된다. 셋째, 정신치료는 불균형에서 조화와 균형을 회복하는 것이며 치우침 없이 균형을 유지하는 중화(中和)의 원리로 설명한다. 중화는 신체뿐만 아니라 정신의 에너지 불균형을 다루는 정신치료 원리이며, 이는 마음을 다스려 양생(養生)을 돕는 음평양비(陰平陽秘)와 대극의 균형과 합일을 통해 치료적 작용을 돕는 치이권형(治以權衡)으로 구분할 수 있다. 요컨대 동의보감은 정기신(精氣神) 대극(對極)의 상호관계 속에서 신체와 정신이 조화와 균형을 이루고 생리와 병리 및 치료의 원리를 다루고 있으며, 그 치료원리는 분석심리학적 관점의 대극의 합일과 개성화 과정으로 이해할 수 있다. 이를 통해 한의학의 치료에서 분석심리학을 기초로 한 개입 가능성을 살펴볼 수 있었다. The present study reviews the pathology and treatment principles of Donguibogam from the perspective of Jung’s analysis psychology in order to explore psychotherapy principles inherent in Donguibogam. The results indicate that the principle of opposing poles, a core concept of analytical psychology, is in line with Donguibogam. More specifically, three principles of psychotherapy are derived from Donguibogam. First, Sojangpyeonghyeong, a concept of the balance and circulation of energy, describes psychological functioning. Sojangpyeonghyeong, in which all things in the universe change only in forms or characteristics whereas their energy does not disappear but maintains its balance, is a principle of generation and extinction of things that circulate consistently through the unity and transcendence of two opposing poles. Second, Mulgeukpilban, a concept of overcoming the imbalance of opposing poles, accounts for psychopathology. It is a principle of interactions that, if energy is skewed to one side and its imbalance intensifies, the energy is tilted back to the other side. Psychological disorders develop if unilateral tendencies of energy create imbalance and occur from the absence and incongruity of interactions due to the confinement of energy and speed discrepancy in the ebb and flow of energy. Third, psychotherapy restores harmony and balance from imbalance, and is explained through JoongHwa, a concept of maintaining balance without bias. JoongHwa is a principle dealing with psychological as well as physical imbalances. It is categorized into two parts. One is Yinpyeongyangbi that helps protection from psychological disfunction. The other is Chiygwonhyeong, which helps therapeutic action through balance and unity of opposing poles. In summary, Donguibogam deals with the principles of physiology, pathology and treatment where the body and mind are harmonized and balanced in the mutual relationship of the Jung (精), Qi (氣) and Shin (神) polarities. The treatment principle could be interpreted as the unity and individualization of opposing poles from the perspective of analytical psychology. The findings implicate the plausibility of the psychotherapeutic application based on analytical psychology to the interventions of Korean medicine.