Metagenomic Analysis of Fungal Communities Inhabiting the Fairy Ring Zone of Tricholoma matsutake

( Miae Kim1 ),( Hyeok Jun Yoon ),( Young Hyun You ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Ju Ri Woo ),( Yeong Gyo Seo ),( Gyeong Min Lee ),( Young Ja Kim ),( Won Sik Kong ),( Jong Guk Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.10

Tricholoma matsutake, an ectomycorrhiza that has mutual relationships with the rootlet of Pinus denisflora, forms a fruiting body that serves as a valuable food in Asia. However, the artificial culture of this fungus has not been successful. Soil fungi, including T. matsutake, coexist with many other microorganisms and plants; therefore, complex microbial communities have an influence on the fruiting body formation of T. matsutake. Here, we report on the structures of fungal communities associated with the fairy ring of T. matsutake through the pyrosequencing method. Soil samples were collected inside the fairy ring zone, in the fairy ring zone, and outside the fairy ring zone. A total of 37,125 sequencing reads were obtained and 728 to 1,962 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were observed in the sampling zones. The fairy ring zone had the lowest OTUs and the lowest fungal diversity of all sampling zones. The number of OTUs and fungal taxa inside and outside the fairy ring zone was, respectively, about 2 times and 1.5 times higher than the fairy ring. Taxonomic analysis showed that each sampling zone has different fungal communities. In particular, out of 209 genera total, 6 genera in the fairy ring zone, such as Hemimycena, were uniquely present and 31 genera, such as Mycena, Boletopsis, and Repetophragma, were specifically absent. The results of metagenomic analysis based on the pyrosequencing indicate a decrease of fungal communities in the fairy ring zone and changes of fungal communities depending on the fairy ring growth of T. matsutake.

비만 여성을 대상으로 한 해조류 추출물의 국부처치와 운동 병행을 통한 지방분해 효과의 임상적 검정

서태수,이인숙,변재철,김규호,박승한,김유영,김상국,김현정,김상기,신동철,성미영,박종석,김종기,박언휘 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

This study was carried out to test the body fat breakdown during topical seaweed extract treatment and in combination with the aerobic exercise. Of 20 female obesity subjects, ten treated a cream types of seaweed extract(control group) and ten treated a placebo cream(placebo group). Topical treatment of each sample was designed for 4 weeks, and treated with 2 times a day about 10ml on the abdomen and the thigh, respectively. All subjects were participated aerobic dance half hour a day and four times a week. After 4 weeks of topical treatment and exercise, they were measured body fat, skinfold thickness, body circumference. Then venous blood samples were taken and analyzed blood cells, serum enzymes, and serum lipids. There were reduction of body weight, % of body fat, antebrachium, brachium, chest, waist, thigh circumference and abdomen thickness between pre and post treatment in both group. Especially, body weight and % of body fat significantly reduced in the subjects treating the seaweed extract than those treating the placebo. There were significant decrement in total cholesterol and LDL whereas increment in HDL and TBIL in the control group, but no significant difference in the placebo group. In conclusion, there were 7.6% of body fat reduction during 4 weeks of aerobic exercise and 21% of body fat reducement in combination of topical seaweed treatment and exercise, respectively. These results suggest that the topical treatment of seaweed extract should be very effective for fat breakdown. Especially, the body fat breakdown maximized in the combination with the topical seaweed extracts treatment and the aerobic exercise.

경연 대회를 통한 초ㆍ중고생의 창의력 신장 효과에 관한 연구

이희복,육근철,류해일,김현섭,김희수,박달원,유병환,김선효,김여상,서광수,변두원,서명석,배성효,박종석,심규철,이성희 공주대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 과학교육연구 Vol.32 No.1

미래 사회를 대비하기 위한 개인의 개성을 존중과 창의적인 능력을 지닌 인간을 양성을 목적으로 충청남도 지역의 초 ㆍ 중고등학생들을 대상으로 한 창의력 경연대회가 공주대학교 과학교육연구소에서 개최되었다. 충청남도 초 ㆍ중 ㆍ 고등학생들을 대상으로 실시한 창의력 경연대회는 창조적 아이디어를 내어 스스로 문제를 해결해 나갈 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 좋은 기회였음이 확인되었으나, 일부의 팀에서만 참신하고 재미있는 아이디어들이 제안되었다. 여학생의 참가자 수가 상당히 증가하였으며, 대체적으로 입상권의 학생들의 상당 부분이 여학생이라는 것이 특이할만하다. 학년이 올라감에 따라서 창의적인 아이디어를 내는 양이나 질에 있어서 뒤떨어지는 것으로 분석되었으며, 토론 학습의 적응력이 미흡하고 발표력 및 청취력에 있어서도 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중 ㆍ고등학교의 학교교육에서도 학생들에게 프로젝트형 탐구학습 프로그램의 적용은 물론 토론식 수습을 통한 학생들의 사고의 전환의 기회를 제공해야 할 것으로 사료된다. The creativity competition was held to foster the creativity of elementary and secondary school students in the Institute of Science Education, Kongju national University. It was found that the creativity competition effected on the improvement of inventing creative ideas and problem solving activities. But, only some competitors participated in semifinal and final contests, presented original and interesting ideas. More female students participated in competition than last year. More female participants were awarded a prize than males. Totally, participants were defective in discussion and communication, and presentation and listening ideas. Increasing grades correlated inversely with creativity and originality. There is need of inquiry project teaming programs and presenting opportunities of conversion of thinking by discussing instructions in school

GMAHN에서의 네트워크 성능 향상에 관한 연구

金在浩,李光培,金玄郁,劉忠烈,河載承,裵振勝 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2008 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Recently, Wire-rireless combination study is being studied very actively with the advent of Ubiquitous environment, using wireless device such as PDA, Cellular Phone loading multi-hop communication that connects wired internet network very easily and controls the system and shares the information in anyplace. The past algorithm, wired and wireless combination that connect between Ad Hoc Network and wired network is being focused only on the study of heterogeneous network interface. The proposed algorithm established independent multi-path between source node and destination node to prevent data loss when errors happen in route. The proposed algorithm established independent multi-path between source node and destination node to prevent data loss, and trasmitted data packet to destination node very quickly and promoted network reliabiliy when errors happen in route.

서울 일부지역의 실내의 Radon 오염도 조사연구(Ⅲ)

김창균,김유현 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.1

This study was conducted to find out the indoor radon concentration in 2nd and 4th floor room of the same building located in Seoul from January to December in 2002 and the following results were achieved; 1. The indoor radon concentration of 2nd floor room was higher than that of 4th floor room from 2.3 times to 2.6 times in average. 2. The indoor radon concentration at 9:00 A.M. was higher than that at 5:00 P.M. from 1.16 times to 1.31 times in average. 3. The change of indoor air was the useful factor to reduce the indoor radon concentration. 4. The fundamental device to shield the route of an inflow of radon was demanded to reduce the indoor radon concentration.

좌심방 석회화와 관련된 반복된 좌심방 혈전 1예

김성훈,우성용,오유경,정우백,임철현,신재원,박철수,윤호중,정욱성,홍순조 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.3

DSR을 기반으로 라우팅 테이블을 적용한 개선된 Ad hoc라우팅에 관한 연구

김승수,유충렬,이광배,김현욱 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

In this paper, an improved source routing protocol is designed for mobile ad hoc network with unidirectional link. In the Mobile ad hoc network, nodes communicates with each other by usingmulti-hop method without any base station. In order for a source mobile node to send its data to a destination node through other intermediate nodes, mobile ad hoc routing protocol is required. DSR and AODV are the representative routing protocols for Mobile ad hoc network. However, unfortunately, current DSR and AODV routing protocol versions support mobile ad hoc network only with bidirectional links. We proposed and simulated a source routing protocol supporting mobile ad hoc network with unidirectional links which was based on DSR and AODV routing protocol. The result of simulation show average route setting time of 0.004~0.007 second and average date receiving rate of 97~97%.

Bacillus stearothermophilus KJ16이 생산하는 Cyclodextrinase의 정제와 효소특성

김병우,권현주,유동주 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Cyclodextrinase from B. stearothermophilus KJ16 that can produce both cyclodextrin(CD) glucanotransferase and cyclodextrinase was purified 87.6-fold with 7% yield by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, Sephadex G-100 chromatography, and FPLC. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was about 68,000 dalton by SDS-PAGE. The optimal pH and temperature were 6.0 and 55℃, respectively. The enzyme was stable at 50℃ for 2 hr and in the pH range of 5.5 and 8.5. The enzyme activity was inhibited strongly by mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol, p-chloromercuribenzoate, N-bromosuccinimide, Cu^+2 and Hg^+2. The purified enzyme hydrolyzed CDs with γ-CD$gt;β-CD$gt;α-CD. The enzyme also hydroylzed linear maltodextrins and polysaccharieds, but the rates of hydrolysis for such substrates were slow as compared to that for γ-CD. The final degradation products with all substrates were maltose and glucose. Maltose was not further hydrolyzed.

평균내부거리를 이용한 데이터 분류에 관한 연구

유현재,김문수,조석제 韓國海洋大學校電波通信硏究所 1999 電波通信硏究所論文集 Vol.1 No.-

This paper presents an approach which classifys more accurately clusters for the data sets being different size cluster. We have more degree of membership to the large cluster and less degree of membership to the small cluster by the size of cluster. In the proposed algorithm, the internal data in the average intracluster distance was given the degree of membership more than 1. So we assume the data is proper. FCM is given the degree of membership depends on the distance between data and the center of cluster. But in the proposed algorithm, the center searching was improved about different size cluster by giving the degree of membership using the distance from each data to intracluster.

주문형 비디오 서버에서 효율적인 저장 시스템의 구성에 관한 연구

김현배,안유정 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 1999 科學敎育硏究 Vol.24 No.-

The goal of VOD servers is to provide services to more users with videos which clients request. To approach the goal, it is important that constructs a storage system on VOD server efficiently. First, we evaluate conventional architecture of storage system on VOD server, then propose a new architecture for it. Lastly, to verify our architecture, we compare ours with others through various experiments. As a result, we show that our architecture has better performance than others.