Ethanol Extract of Ganoderma lucidum Augments Cellular Anti-oxidant Defense through Activation of Nrf2/HO-1

Lee, Yoo-hwan,Kim, Jung-hee,Song, Choon-ho,Jang, Kyung-jeon,kim, Cheol-hong,Kang, Ji-Sook,Choi, Yung-hyun,Yoon, Hyun-Min KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2016 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.19 No.1

Objectives: The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for many years. Although several studies have focused on the anti-oxidative activity of this mushroom, the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity have not yet been clearly established. The present study investigated the cytoprotective effect of ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum (EGL) against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, $H_2O_2$) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms in a C2C12 myoblast cell line. Methods: Oxidative stress markers were determined by using the comet assay to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Cell viability and Western blotting analyses were employed to evaluate the cellular response to EGL and $H_2O_2$ in C2C12 cells. Transfection with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-specific small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) was conducted to understand the relationship between Nrf2 expression and $H_2O_2$-induced growth inhibition. Results: The results showed that EGL effectively inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced growth and the generation of ROS. EGL markedly suppressed $H_2O_2$-induced comet-like DNA formation and phosphorylation of histone H2AX at serine 139 ($p-{\gamma}H2AX$), a widely used marker of DNA damage, suggesting that EGL prevented $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage. Furthermore, the EGL treatment effectively induced the expression of Nrf2, as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), with parallel phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the C2C12 myoblasts. However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a HO-1 inhibitor, significantly abolished the protective effects of EGL against $H_2O_2$-induced accumulation of ROS and reduced cell growth. Notably, transient transfection with Nrf2-specific siRNA attenuated the cytoprotective effects and HO-1 induction by EGL, indicating that EGL induced the expression of HO-1 in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Conclusion: Collectively, these results demonstrate that EGL augments the cellular anti-oxidant defense capacity through activation of Nrf2/HO-1, thereby protecting C2C12 myoblasts from $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative cytotoxicity.

Analysis about TV advertisement Expression by the Post-structuralism

Jang,Ho Hyun,Pyo,Hee Chan (사)한국디지털디자인협의회 2006 (사)한국디지털디자인협의회 conference Vol.2006 No.2

재원기간중 사망한 급성 심근경색증 환자의 임상적 특징

현대우,김기식,신이철,박소영,배장호,한창엽,김윤년,김권배 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.9

지방자치단체의 지리정보시스템(GIS) 구축사업 추진방안 : 순천시를 중심으로 in Case of Sunchon City

장영률,양현호 順天靑巖大學 1999 論文集-順天靑巖大學 Vol.23 No.-

Geographic Information System (GIS), a total system that manages the spatial information on the earth by computers, has emerged one of the most important technological fields for the new millennium. However, most trials and plans of implementing GIS in many cities and local governments of this country so far has not obtained any remarkable or optimistic estimations. In this paper, first we gave a brief introduction to GIS and what it has achieved on the National Geographic Information System (NGIS) Project. And then we discussed some implementation cases of other cities such as Gwacheon, Pusan, Kwangju and Ulsan. Finally, we suggested an efficient and useful implementation strategy of GIS for local governments, especially for Sunchon City including its directions, organizations, implementation stages, financial aids, and expecting results.

Ribbon형 Co1-x Crx (x=0.27, 0.29, 0.30, 0.32, 0.35) 합금의 자기특성

장현숙,김미양,이장로,이용호 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1994 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.5

급냉법으로 리본형 결정질 Co1-x Crx (x=0.27, 0.29, 0.30, 0.32, 0.35)합금을 제조하여 Cr의 조성에 따른 자기적 특성을 조사하였다. 포화자화값은 벌크값보다 컸지만 박막의 경우보다는 작았다. Cr의 함량이 증가함에 따라 포화자화값은 감소하였다. 27 at.% Cr의 경우를 예외로 하면 Cr 함량 증가에 따라 결정립의 크기는 감소하였고, 항자력은 증가하였다. 리본형 Co1-x Crx 는 포화자화값의 온도 의존성이 비정질 시료인 경우와 유사한 경향을 나타내었으며 Cr의 함량이 증가할수록 Curie온도(Tr)는 감소하였다. Cr 함량의 증가에 따라 exchange interaction의 평균자승거리<r²>와 spin wave stiffness 상수D는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 천이금속(Co)의 원자당평균 자기모멘트는 Cr의 증가에 따라 선형적으로 감소하였다. The magnetic cnaracteristics of crystalline Co1-x Crx (x=0.27, 0.29, 0.30, 0.32, 0.35) ribbons prepared by the rapid solidification were investigated. The saturation magnetization for ribbon was greater than that for bulk alloys containg the same amount of Cr. but smaller for the films. The grain size of ribbon became smaller and coercive force increased with increasing Cr contents except case of 27 at.% Cr. The saturation magnetization decreased with increasing Cr contensts. The temperature dependence of saturation magnetization for Co1-x Crx ribbon showed the similar behavior as the amorphous alloy and the Curie temperatures were decreased with the increase of Cr contents. The spin wave stiffness constant and the mean square range of exchange interaction, also were decreased. The average magnetic moment per transition metal atom was linearly decreased with increasing the contents of Cr.

ATM과 멀티미디어를 이용한 원격 교육 시스템

장원호,박인호,류시국,강현석 慶尙大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.35 No.2

Recently, student-oriented education paradigms are appeared. At this point, we expect that the future's education will be changed by the distance eduation system based on multimedia materials. This study decribes an integerated real-time multimedia distance eduation system that uses ATM technology, object-relational detabase management system, and multimedia authoring tools to use interactive multimedia materials among remote sites in real-time.

Plyometric Training과 비타민 C 투여가 남고생의 체력, 혈중 젖산, 암모니아 및 젖산탈수소효소에 미치는 영향

장준원,김세종,이현미,서혜림,조현숙,고정림,염종우,예정복,백영호 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 2003 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The purpose of this was to examine the effect of plyometric training and vitamin C ingestion on physical fitness and fatigue substance....

Global-MAHN에서 라우팅 오버헤드 개선에 대한 연구

張良根,金玄旭,李光培,吳世德,裵振勝,金在浩 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2007 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.26 No.-

In this Paper, we studied the mechanism that increases the network reliability and decreases network load in GMAHN environment based on the AODV routing protocol. This proposed algorithm is the research on the algorithm, minimizing network overhead by preventing unnecessary network overhead previously and adapting Local repair mechanism to efficient data transmission when route error happens in network, in GMAHN environment. To evaluate the proposed algorithm's performance, we analyzed the proposed algorithm and adapting in various experiment environment according to 5 experiment viewpoint such as node movement, gateway network zone, mobile node number, flow number. After evaluating the experiment, we confirmed better network improvement altogether through following result such as total average data reception rate's increase, average data transmission time's decrease, network overhead's decrease than existing GMAHN algorithm.

키토산 구슬을 이용한 가토 연골세포의배양

장의찬,김경환,저호중,이기현,정상인,손태일 대한정형외과연구학회 2003 대한정형외과연구학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Bone-supported pendulum을 이용한 상악대구치 원심이동

장용걸,박호원,이주현,서현우 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

상악 대구치의 원심이동이 요구되는 경우, 구외견인, Wilson distalizing arches, 가철식 스프링 장치 그리고 Schwarz plate-type 장치 등을 사용 할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 전통적인 대구치의 원심이동 장치들로 치료에 성공하기 위해서는 환자의 협조가 필수적이기 때문에 많은 소아치과 의사들은 환자 의존성을 최소화하고 임상가가 통제 할 수 있는 장치들로 전환하고 있다. 이 중 가장 일반적인 것이 pendulum 장치인데, 고정원이 되는 전방치아의 원하지 않는 이동과 고정원 소실, 그리고 구개부 고정원이 좋지 않은 경우 원하는 정도의 구치부 원심이동을 얻기 어렵다는 단점이 있다. 이와 같은 전통적인 pendulum의 단점을 해결하고자, SAS(Skeletal Anchorage System)를 pendulum에 접목하여 골에서 직접 지지를 얻는 변형된 형태의 pendulum, 즉 bone supported pendulum을 제작하여 장착 시킨 후 주기적인 관찰을 시행하였다. 본 증례는 혼합치열기 환자를 대상으로 bone supported pendulum을 사용하여 안정된 고정원 유지, 원치 않는 치아이동의 최소화 및 양호한 상악 대구치 원심이동 등을 관찰하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. To distalize the maxillary molars. the traditional techniques such as extra-oral traction. Wilson distalizing arches. removable spring appliances and Schwarz plate-type appliances have been used. But, these need considerable patient cooperation. For minimal patient compliance. many practitioners use the pendulum appliances. Several clinical studies demonstrated pendulum is effective molar distalization appliance in the growing patient(using the premolars and the palate as anchorage). But unfortunately, maxillary anterior teeth also shift mesially as the molar moves distally. As a result anchorage loss is occurred. To overcome these disadvantages, we used bone-supported pendulum, combined the conventional pendulum with Skeletal Anchorage System(SAS). The miniscrew was implanted in the anterior paramedian region of the median palatal suture, which has comparatively sufficient bone thickness and is low risk to damage on the dental follicles. We report three cases, using bone-supported pendulum for the maxillary molar distalization in children. After treatment, we find out anchorage stability, minimal unfavorable anterior tooth movement and sufficient molar distalization.