정부혁신, 무엇을 어떻게 하고 있는가?

최양식 서울행정학회 2006 SAPA News & Platform Vol.- No.6

學校文化 風土刷新의 定着 - 德園女子高等學校

崔陽植 대한사립학교장회(구 대한사립중고등학교장회) 1986 私學 Vol.37 No.-

창문을 열며 : 혁신의 창을 열며

최양식 대한지방행정공제회 2005 地方行政 Vol.54 No.622

심박변이도(Heart Rate Variability) 분석을 통한 특발성 안면신경마비와 자율신경실조의 상관성 연구

최양식,김행범,김주희,이승원,이소영,고정민,고형균,이윤호 대한침구의학회 2008 대한침구의학회지 Vol.25 No.6

Objectives : This study investigated the effect of imbalance of autonomic nerve system on the idiopathic facial palsy by the comparison Heart Rate Variability results of Facial palsy group and healthy control group, and to clarify correlation between House-Brackmann Grade and Heart Rate Variability results. Methods : 119 idiopathic facial palsy patients and 88 health subjects who underwent HRV test were retrospectively reviewed based on medical records. We compared between the HRV results of facial palsy group and that of normal control group, and also compared the HRV results of facial palsy subgroup classified by House-Brackmann Grade. Results 1. All HRV results-Mean Heart Rat(MHRT), Standard Deviation of all the Normal RR intervals (SDNN), Total Power(TP), Very Low Frequency(VLF), Low Frequency(LF), High Frequency(HF), ratio betwween the Low Frequency and High Frequency power(LF/HF ratio) of facial palsy group are decreased compared to that of normal control group, especially SDNN, TP, VLF, LF, LF/HF ratio showed significant difference(p<0.05). 2. HRV results showed no significant correlation in House-Brackmann Grade. Conclusions : This study showed that lower HRV results of facial palsy group than normal control group and suggests that imbalance of autonomic nerve system related with facial palsy. HRV could be a objective tool to reflect condition of idiopathic facial palsy patients.

[특별대담] 최양식 경주시장 : 품격있는 도시 경주 만들 것

최양식(토론자),전상직(토론자) 한국자치학회 2015 월간 공공정책 Vol.121 No.-

원산지증명 사후검증에 관한 사례연구

최양식(Yang Sik Choi),이병락(Byung Lak Lee) 한국국제상학회 2015 國際商學 Vol.30 No.4

이 논문의 목적은 원산지증명 사후검증의 배경 및 동기를 합리적 의심의 측면에서 살펴보는데 있다. 이를 위해 우리나라 수출물품과 수입물품의 원산지 검증사례를 합리적 의심에 근거하여 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 첫째, 거래가 완전생산기준, 원사기준, 누적기준, 직접운송원칙과 연관될 경우 관세당국이 사후검증을 실시할 가능성이 높아진다. 둘째, 제3자가 개입된 거래인 경우 관세당국이 사후검증을 시행하는 경향이 있다. 셋째, 서류상의 사소한 실수가 발견되는 경우조차도 관세당국은 원산지 증빙서류의 진정성을 의심하여 사후조사를 시행한다. 이런 사후검증에 대처하는 최선의 방법은 관련기록 및 서류를 체계적으로 준비하고 정해진 기간 동안 이를 보관하는 것이다. Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the background and motive of subsequent verification of proof of origin in terms of reasonable doubt. Research design, data, methodology : This paper has classified the retroactive verification cases into two groups as follows: cases conducted by the other contracting parties and cases conducted by Korean customs authorities. Results : According to this study, we have come to the following conclusions. First, the customs authorities are likely to verify the proofs of origin retroactively in case the transactions are associated with wholly obtained or produced requirement, yarn forward rule, accumulation rule and direct consignment rule. Second, the customs authorities are prone to verify the proofs of origin subsequently in case of the deals involving the third party. Third, the customs authorities are apt to investigate the authenticity of proof of origin even when the trivial mistakes are found in the documents. Conclusions : This paper has derived the above conclusions based on the case analysis.

교통사고 후 편타성 손상에 대한 침치료 및 봉독약침치료의 유효성 평가

김건형,최양식,남동우,김종인,조기호,최도영,이재동 대한침구의학회 2006 대한침구의학회지 Vol.23 No.6

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Acupuncture and Bee-venom acupuncture for patients with chronic whiplash injury. Methods : Subjects were voluntarily recruited by newspapers and internet. Acupuncture(Eo-Hyeol Bang) and Bee-Venom Acupuncture were performed two times a week for 4 weeks. The patients' symptoms were assessed before, after 4 weeks of treatment by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Medical Outcome Study(MOS) 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36) Results : VAS score was significantly improved after 4 weeks(p<0.05) compared to the pre-treatment. There were significant changes in physical functioning(PF), Social functioning(SF), role-physical(RP), role emotional(RE), mental health(MH), bodily pain(BP) score of SF-36 after 4 weeks(p<0.05), but there were no significant changes in vitality(VT), general health(GH) score of SF-36. Conclusion : This study suggests that Acupuncture(Eo-Hyeol Bang) and Bee-Venom Acupuncture can be applicable to improve symptoms in patients with chronic whiplash injury.

개정(改定)된 사상체질분류검사지(四象體質分類檢査紙)II의 신뢰도(信賴度)와 타당도(妥當度)에 대한 연구(硏究)

최경주,최양식,차재훈,황민우,이수경,고병희,송일병,Choi, Kyung-Ju,Choi, Yang-Sik,Cha, Jae-Hoon,Hwang, Min-Woo,Lee, Soo-Kyung,Go, Byeong-Hui,Song, Il-Byung 사상체질의학회 2006 사상체질의학회지 Vol.18 No.1

1. Objectives This is a statistical study on the Reliability and Validity of the Revised Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution classification(QSCC II +). 2. Methods To analyze the reliability; we gathered the results of the QSCC II + of 266 people. Each person took the questionnaire three times, and the interval of the examinations were about one year. With the results, we used stratified analysis to check up the consistency rate of three examinations, and analyzed the tendency of agreement by crosstabs to get the kappa value. For the validity, we gathered the results of the QSCC II + of 587 people who were Taeumin, Soyangin, Soeumin. They took the questionnaire once, and SCM specialists strictly examined to diagnose their Sasang constitutions. We compare their results of the QSCC II + to the diagnostic result of their Sasang constitutions, and analyzed by crosstabs to get the rate of accuracy of the QSCC II +, and the kappa value for the measure of agreements. 3. Results and Conclusions The expected rate to get the same results was 54.5% in Soyangin, 68.1% in Taeumin, 65.7% in Soeumin, and kappa value was $0.311{\sim}0.414$, which means the reliability of the QSCC II + is analytically significant. The accuracy of the results of QSCC II +, compared to the diagnosis of the SCM specialists, was 58.4%, but increased up to 60.8%, and validity also became moderately good(K=0.412) by age limitation. Because in the 70's results of the QSCC II + isn't likely to agree to the diagnosis of the SCM specialists.

도플러 초음파검사를 이용한 안면마비 환자의 안면부 경혈의 혈류 관찰

인창식,배영민,최양식,고정민,김세르게이,강욱,이상훈 대한침구의학회 2009 대한침구의학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate whether Doppler ultrasound device is applicable for the evaluation of facial palsy patients. Methods : A total of 25 patients participated in the first assessment and 22 of them finished a follow-up assessment one week later. An assessment comprised of a Minimax-Doppler-K device examination on bilateral acupoints ST5, SI19, ST2, and BL1, House-Brackmann grading, and subjective symptom questionnaire. Measurement reliability was assessed and clinically meaningful variations of Doppler measurement values were explored. Results : Doppler ultrasound examination revealed a significant difference of some measurement values between values of the symptom side and the contralateral side, between groups of severe paralysis and moderate paralysis, and between groups of short duration(0-3 weeks) and long duration (3weeks-5 months) by non-parametric analyses (p<0.05). Several re-examination values showed a significant correlation with the first examination values by Spearman’s correlation tests (p<0.05). Conclusions : This study revealed several possibilities for the clinical application of this device. Further validity tests and device improvements for a user’s convenience would be helpful for its practical application.

견관절의 임상적 평가도구에 관한 고찰

양동훈,김건형,김행범,최양식,박영배 대한침구의학회 2007 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.5

Objectives : A number of instruments have been developed to measure the quality of life in patients with various shoulder disorders. Much progress has been made in this area, and currently an appropriate instrument exists for each shoulder state. The purpose of this study is to review the instruments that are currently in use for assessing the shoulder joint. Methods : A literature research was performed to choose appropriate scales for assessment of function and the disability of the shoulder. Theoretically based scales were selected for review. Therefore, 11 scales were reviewed. The status of scales involved in shoulder treatment of acupuncture throughout several countries was evaluated. Results : 11 scales: The American shoulder and elbow surgeons evaluation form(ASES), Constant Shoulder Score, The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand(DASH), Shoulder Disability Questionnaire (SDQ), The Shoulder Pain And Disability index(SPADI), The simple shoulder test(SST), Oxford Shoulder Questionnaire(OSQ), The Rotator Cuff quality-of-life Measure(RC-QoL), Western Ontario Shoulder Ins- tability Index(WOSI), Western Ontario Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder Index(WOOS), Western Ontario Ro- tator Cuff Index(WORC), wereevaluated. Each measurement has its own composition and characteristics. Their validity, reliability, responsiveness and practical characteristics were already evaluated. We found 3 domestic and 10 overseas papers about shoulder treatments using acupuncture assessed with shoulder scales. Conclusions : In clinical research, the selection of the measurement scale should take account of the condition of disease, the patient’s traits and the characteristics of the research. Moreover, appropriate scales, which havevalidity, reliability, responsiveness and practical characteristics, are needed to enhance the qua- lity of research.