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국가연구개발사업 기술료 징수 및 사용에 대한 개선방안 연구
전수범(Jeon, Soo-Beom) 충북대학교 법학연구소 2011 과학기술과 법 Vol.2 No.1
Since the first introduction of the Royalty for national research and development projects, the Royalty system has been consistently complemented and modified with regard to relevant issues according to social changes; therefore, it is obvious that the current engineering fees system has gone through much restructuring compared with its early form. Despite this fact, several improvements are required in terms of reports relevant to Royalty, the criteria for the collection of Royalty, priority in the use of Royalty, and compensation for researchers. The main issues for improvement include the following. First, it is necessary to reduce unnecessary administrative work power through a restructuring of the contents that need to be reported and the report period concerning Royalty as there has been a lack of unity between relevant departments. Second, the criteria for the collection of Royalty should be restructured in consideration of the real situation, thereby reflecting the market situation instead of depending on government subsidy. Third, as technical marketing and management expenses are increasing along with changes in social conditions for the generation of Royalty, a priority should be given to all costs related to the generation of Royalty instead of compensation to researchers. Fourth, the details of the regulation concerning the payment of compensation to researchers in for-profit organizations, which have been attributed to the improperly low compensation compared with the higher payment rate of compensation to researchers in non-profit organizations, should be restructured. Furthermore, there is a need for ameliorating of the situation in which student researchers may not be adequately rewarded owing to their personal situation, such as graduation, and for utilizing administrative work power efficiently by fixing the problem of the excessive amount of administrative work power by specifying an upper limit period for the management of compensation to researchers.
원위부 직장암에서 복강경을 이용한 복회음절제술과 초저위전방절제술 및 대장항문 수기 문합술 후의 종양학적 결과 비교
서재범,최규석,조민정,전수한,임경훈,장유석,박준석 대한내시경복강경외과학회 2009 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery Vol.12 No.2
Purpose: Abdominoperineal resection (APR) has been regarded as the standard procedure for the treatment of distal rectal cancer since Miles first described it in 1908. But because of the better understanding of the patterns of spreading tumor, the pelvic physiology, the development of stapling devices and introduction of total mesorectal excision (TME), the rate of sphincter preserving surgery has been increasing. The aim of this study is to compare the oncologic outcomes after laparoscopic APR and ultra-low anterior resection with hand- sewn coloanal anastomosis (CAA) for treating distal rectal cancer. Methods: Between January 2003 and October 2007, 95 patients who were followed up for more than 2 years after curative laparoscopic APR or CAA for distal rectal cancer were included in this study. The clinical characteristics, pathologic findings, postoperative complications and oncologic results were retrospectively analyzed. Results: There were 31 APRs and 64 CAAs. The median follow-up period was 43 (5∼79) months. The mean distance between the lower margin of the tumor and the anal verge was 2.1±1.2 cm in APR and 3.7±1.4 cm in CAA (p<0.001). There were 2 (6.5%) local recurrences and 8 (25.8%) systemic recurrences after APR and 3 (4.7%) local recurrences and 10 (15.6%) systemic recurrences after CAA, respectively (p=0.641, p=0.161). The 3-year disease-specific survival rate was 86.7% in APR and 93.5% in CAA (p=0.407). The 3-year disease free survival rate was 73.7% in APR and 80.1% in CAA (p=0.161) but there were no significant differences in the oncologic results according to the stages between the two groups. Conclusion: The operative procedures are changing toward sphincter preservation. Laparoscopic ultra-low anterior resection and hand-sewn coloanal anastomosis is oncologically as safe as laparoscopic APR for treating lower rectal cancer. However, APR should be considered the standard treatment for distal rectal cancer when it invades the anal sphincter or the levator ani.
Dental Age Estimation Using the Demirjian Method: Statistical Analysis Using Neural Networks
노병윤,안종모,이종석,임상범,류혜원,전수정,이주헌,서요섭,류지원 대한법의학회 2023 대한법의학회지 Vol.47 No.1
In children and adolescents, dental age estimation is performed with the development of the teeth. Various statistical analysis methods have been used to determine the relationship between age and dental maturity and develop an accurate method of age calculation. This study attempted to apply a neural network model for the statistical analysis of dental age estimation in children and evaluated its applicability. This study used 1196 panoramic radiographs of patients aged 3–16 years, and 996 and 200 were randomly classified into training and test sets, respectively. The dental maturity of the mandibular left teeth was evaluated using Demirjian's method, the neural network model using the backpropagation algorithm was derived using training sets, and the errors were evaluated using 100 radiographs of each male and female as test sets. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis was conducted on the same training set, and the error was calculated by applying it to the test set and comparing it with the error of the neural network model. In the neural network model, the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) were 0.589 and 0.783 in male subjects and 0.529 and 0.760 in female subjects, respectively. In the multiple linear regression model, the MAE and RMSE were 0.600 and 0.748 in male subjects and 0.566 and 0.789 in female subjects, respectively. When applying the neural network model to the statistical analysis of the dental developmental stage, the results were as accurate as those of conventional statistical analysis methods. This study’s approach is expected to be useful for estimating the ages of children.