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Bacillus sp. A29에 의한 다당류의 생산과 물성
안성구,서현효,이창호,오희목,권기석,이동희,윤병대 한국산업미생물학회 1994 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.22 No.2
높은 점도를 보이는 다당류를 생산하는 균주 A-29를 선별하여 특성을 조사한 결과 Bacillus sp.으로 동정되었다. 배지 조성을 dextrin 12%, soytone 0.2%, SnCl_2 0.02%, Na_2HPO_4·12H_2O 0.36%, L-alanine 0.01%으로 하고 초발 pH를 6.8으로 하여 30℃ 에서 4일간 배양하였을 때 배양액의 점도는 65,000 cp였다. Jar fermentor 배양에서 생산된 A29 POL의 양은 8.3 g/ℓ이었으며, A29 POL의 단당류 조성은 glucose와 xylose가 8 : 1의 mole 비율로 구성되어 있었다. A29 POL은 0.1%의 낮은 농도에서도 높은 점성를 나타냈고 의가소성의 성질을 보였다. 특히 NaCl과 CaCl_2 등의 염에 의하여 크게 영향을 받으며 0.1%의 염 첨가시 점도가 급격히 증가하였고 의가소성도 더욱 증가하였다. 첨가된 염 농도가 0.3에서 0.6%까지 증가하였을 때, 완만한 감소를 보였다. 또한 높은 온도에서는 점도가 낮아졌지만 온도를 낮추었을 때는 점도가 다시 회복되는 현상을 보였다. 산성의 영역에서 높은 점도를 보였고 pH 3에서 가장 높았다. 알칼리성에서 낮은 점도를 보였다. A29 POL은 anionic polysaccharide이며 film을 형성할 수 있었다. MgSO_4·7H_2O, Na_2CO_3·H_2O, MnSO_4·7H_2O 등의 금속이온을 첨가하였을 때 gel을 형성하였다. A bacterial strain producing highly viscous polysaccharide(A29 POL) was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus sp. A29. The cultural conditions of the Bacillus sp. A29 for the polysaccharide production were dextrin 12%, soytone 0.2%, SnCl_2·2H_2O 0.02%, Na_2HPO_4·12H_2O 0.36%, L-alanine 0.01%, initial pH 6.8, and 30℃ at pH 3 for 4 days. Final viscosity of the culture broth was 65,000 cp and then the amount of produced polysaccharide was 8.3 g/ℓ. A29 POL was composed of glucose and xylose. A29 POL showed high viscosity at low concentration(0.1%) and in the presence of the salts such as NaCl or CaCl_2. A29 POL showed high viscosity acid condition and at alkali condition and high pseudoplasticity in the presence of NaCl or CaCl_2. It was shown that the viscosity at high temperature(80℃) was decreased but it was recovered at low temperature(20℃). A29 POL was able to form film and gel in the presence of MgSO_4·7H_2O, Na_2CO_3·H_2O, MnSO_4·7H_2O. A29 POL had anionic charge.
안성구,황상민,이승헌,박상훈 대한피부과학회 1999 대한피부과학회지 Vol.37 No.12
Background:Moisturizers induce skin hydration and then increase flexibility and elasticity, making the skin soft and smooth, and protecting it against environmental stimuli. Objective:The aim of this work was to study the role of intercorneocyte lipid layers and desmosomes in the mechanism of moisturization. Methods:Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and capacitance were measured and the morphologic changes of the intercorneocyte lipid layers and desmosomes with electron microscopy, using ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4) postfixation, following the application of glycerin, propylene glycol, and a mixture of glycerin and propylene glycol for a 2 hour period to the epidermis of hairless mice were measured. Results: 1. The TEWL was significantly increased in all three groups; glycerin, propylene glycol, and mixture of glycerin and propylene glycol. The increase of TEWL after the application of glycerin was maintained from the second to the forth hour after application which was statistically significant, after the application of propylene glycol it was maintained for 5 hours, and after the application of a mixture of glycerin and propylene glycol, for 6 hours. 2. The capacitance also was increased in all three experimental groups, compared to the control group. However there was no statistical significance. 3. Light microscopic findings showed no specific changes in all three groups, compared to the control group. 4. Ultrastructural observation by electron microscope, using RuO4 postfixation, showed widening of the intercorneocyte lipid layers in all three groups. In contrast to glycerin in which the results showed detachment of the desmosomes without changes in the intercorneocyte lipid layers, propylene glycol showed interruption and undulation of the intercorneocyte lipid layers and expansion of the lacunae spaces. A mixture of glycerin and propylene glycol showed interruption and undulation of the intercorneocyte lipid layers, detachment of the desmosomes, and, partial, formation of lacunae. Conclusion:These results suggest that the moisturizing effects of glycerin result from an increased detachment of the desmosomes and widening of the intercorneocyte lipid layers and then an increase in the water holding capacity of the stratum corneum. Propylene glycol, a chemical penetration enhancer, induce widening, interruption, and undulation of the lipid layers and expansion of the lacunae space. In the mixture of glycerin and propylene glycol, propylene glycol potentiate and continue the moisturizing effects of the glycerin.
안성구,황상민,김선욱,최응호,안형진 대한피부과학회 2000 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.38 No.3
Background:The umbilicus is a simple scar that obliterates the portal through which the omphalomesenteric duct connected the primitive gut to the yolk sac; through which the intestine was expelled prior to its rotation; through which passed the umbilical arteries and vein; at which the allantosis attached to the early urinary bladder; and at which the umbilical cord that carried these structures was fused to the body wall. The umbilicus is situated at the level of L3 to L4 in the midline of the abdomen. It's shape, size, and configuration vary greatly related to age and sex. Deramtoses of the umbilicus are umbilical hernia, congenital abnormalities, granulomas, omphalith, infections, eczema and tumors. Objective:The purpose of this study was to examine the umbilical shape and size related to age and sex and diseases of the umbilicus. Methods:During a 6-month-period from May to October, 1998, 420 person's umbilical shapes and size were examined with regard to age and sex. The diseases of the umbilicus were evaluated, too. Results & Conclusions: 1. The mean vertical diameter of the umbilicus is 1.89±0.65cm and the mean transverse diameter is 1.98±0.86cm. The mean diameter of umbilicus in women(vertical: 1.98±0.73cm, transverse: 2.07±0.99cm) is larger than the mean diameter of umbilicus in men(vertical: 1.80±0.53cm, transverse: 1.89±0.66cm)(p$lt;0.05). 2. The vertical diameter of umbilicus in both sexes showed increasing aspect until the 30-39 year old group, and the transverse diameter of umbilicus in both sexes showed increasing aspect until the 40-49 year old group. 3. The shapes of umbilicus were divided into the protruded type and the depressed type. Most of our cases showed the depressed type. The protruded types were more in the 0-9 year old group(23%) than other year old groups. The shapes of umbilicus were divided into the round type and the elliptical type, too. The elliptical type(transverse diameter$gt;vertical diameter) is more than the elliptical type(vertical diameter$gt;transverse diameter) in men, and the elliptical type(vertical diameter $gt;transverse diameter) is more than the elliptical type(transverse diameter$gt;vertical diameter) in women. 4. The diseases of the umbilicus are allergic contact dermatitis(6 cases), pityriasis rosea(5 cases), psoriasis(3 cases), scabies(3 cases), rhus dermatitis(2 cases), pemphigus(2 cases), drug eruption(1 case), and insect bite(1 case).