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Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8
<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>
김영수,오성훈,박형천,정태섭 대한신경외과학회 1988 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.17 No.5
The bony spur formation without degenerative change in the lumbar spines in the young age group is quite interesting and is not uncommon. This bony spur is different from the degenerative spur in the old age group in shape and mechanism of formation. The authors analyzed 25 patients below 29 years old with such posterior lumbar bony spur. We concluded that posterioly lacated Schmorl's node is main cause of the bony pour in young age group at lumbar region.
영골(靈骨).강압혈(降壓穴) 자극(刺鍼)이 혈압(血壓)에 미치는 영향(影向)
임영남,심성용,한지완,고호연,박종형,한양희,전찬용,김동우,Yim, Young-Nam,Sim, Sung-Yong,Han, Ji-Wan,Ko, Ho-Yeon,Park, Chong-Hyeong,Han, Yang-Hee,Chun, Chan-Yong,Kim, Dong-Woo 대한한방내과학회 2004 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.25 No.2
Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical effect of the non-pharmacological anti-hypertension method, acupuncture, for hypertensive patients. Methods : 26 patients diagnosed with hypertension were each treated by one of three methods: an anti-hypertension drug(adalat soft capsule), venepuncture, and acupuncture. In cases of rising blood pressure, patients were treated by their one of the three methods, and blood pressure was measured at regular intervals. Result : As for the group of acupuncture treated patients on Young-gol(ling-gu) and Gang-ap-hyul(jiang-ya-xue), readings dropped 18.0mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 6.50mmHg in diastolic blood pressure. This was a greater effect than that seen in the venepuncture treated patients. Blood pressure checked one hour after acupuncture treatment showed a greater difference than blood pressure checked after thirty minutes. Conclusion : Safe reductions in blood pressure were observed through the non-pharmacological method of acupuncture on Young-gol(ling-gu) and Gang-ap-hyul(Jiang-ya-xue).
박수경,최영진,문덕환,전진호,이종태,손혜숙 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.3
목적 : 미용사의 작업관련 근골격계 장애 실태와 관련 요인을 알아보고자 한 것이다. 방법 : 최종 대상이 된 미용사 267명에 대하여 2000년 3월부터 5월까지 Karasek의 J7Q와 N10SH의 표준화 설문지를 이용하여 일반적 특성, 직무관련 스트레스, 근골격계 장애 자각증상 등을 자기 기입식으로 작성하게 하였다. 결과 : N10SH 감시기준에 의한 근골격계 자각 증상 호소율은 전체적으로 94.4%으로 높은 편이었으며, 각 신체부위별로는 어깨 부위(61.0%), 목 부위(59.9%), 허리 부위(53.2%), 손 및 손목 부위(41.6%)의 증상 호소율이 비교적 높게 나타났으며, 상대적으로 무릎 및 허벅다리 부위(36.7%), 발 및 발목 부위(34.8%), 등 부위(28.8%), 팔 및 팔꿈치부위 (28.5%), 종아리 부위 (28.5%), 손가락 (22.8%) 등은 낮았다. 다변량 분석 결과, 미용사들의 WRMDS는 직무 스트레스와 건강관련 습관 등에 영향을 받은 것으로 관찰되었으며, 부위별로 목부위는 직무의 불안정성, 허리부위는 여자, 음주, 결정의 허용범위, 손 및 손목부위는 음주, 무릎 및 허벅다리 부위는 흡연, 발 및 발목부위는 흡연, 결정의 허용범위, 그리고 등부위는 직무의 불안정성 등이 유의한 요인으로 관찰되었다. 결론 : 주관적인 증상 호소만을 이용한 제한점에도 불구하고 산업보건의 명확한 대상이 되지 않고 있는 미용사 등의 서비스업 종사자에 대한 WRMDS 연구의 기초자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Objectives : To determine the prevalence and related factors of work related musculoskeletal symptoms in hairdressers. Methods : Informations on general characteristics, job strain, and musculoskeletal symptoms were obtained by a self-administered questionnaire, through adopting NIOSH instrument and JCQ (Job content questionnaire) , from 267 hairdressers, between March and May, 2000. Results : The symptom prevalence by N10SH surveillance criteria in total was high as 94.4%; shoulder (61.0%), neck (59.9%), low back (53.2%), hand and wrist (41.6%), etc. In multiple logistic regression, significant factors affecting the symptoms by body region , job insecurity on neck; gender, alcohol, decision latitude on low back; alcohol on hand and wrist; smoking on thigh and knee; smoking, decision latitude on ankle and foot; job insecurity on upper back. Conclusions : Musculoskeletal symptoms of hairdresser were highly prevalent, and associated with job strain and their health habits. This Is a basic data of work related musculoskeletal disorders among hairdressers who are not the subjects of occupational health service at the present time in Korea.
박금수,김영식,이진응,임종천,이강현,임경수,황성오,최경훈 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2
To estimate the quality of the emergency medical services system of Wonju City, we studied the diurnal variations of 179 non-traumatic cardiac arrest victims who received cardiopulmonary reuscitation at the emergency center of Wonju Christian Hospital. Diurnal variations of non-traumatic cardiac arrest patients were as follows ; The occurence of cardiac arrest at day-time was higher than night-time; 18 cases (11%) from midnight to AM 4, 25 cases (14%) from AM 4 to AM 8, 42 cases (24%) from AM 8 to AM 12, 46 cases (25%) from AM 12 to PM 4, 35 cases (19%) from PM 4 to PM 8, 13 cases (7%) from PM 8 to midnight. Witness cardiac arrest was increased more during the day than night ; 40% from midnight to AM 4, 48% from AM 4 to AM 8, 57% from AM 8 to AM 12.52% from AM 12 to PM 4, 60% from PM 4 to PM 8, 38% from PM 8 to midnight. The transportation time at night-time cardiac arrest was more longer than day-time cardiac arrest ; 30±12mins from midnight to AM 4, 26±9mins from AM 4 to AM 8, 27±12mins AM 8 to Am 12, 25±11mins from AM 12 to PM 4, 25±9mins from PM 4 to PM 8, 35±15mins from PM 8 to midnight. The rate of restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC) in day-time cardiac arrest was higher than the night-time cardiac arrest ; 30% from midnight to AM 4, 36% from AM 4 to AM 8, 32% AM 8 to AM 12, 44% from AM 12 to PM 4, 41% from PM 4 to PM 8, 15% from PM 8 to midnight. The survival rate of cardiac arrest has been correlated with collapse time, early bystander CPR, early advanced care. To improve outcome for prehospital cardiac arrest, we concluded that early bystander CPR, and early advanced life support should be performed at the scene and during the transportation especially at night.
Thermal MOCVD와 DC pulsed PA-MOCVD에 의해 증착된 TiN 박막 연구
박용균,이영섭,이태수,이성재,조동율,천희곤 울산대학교 2001 공학연구논문집 Vol.32 No.1
유기화합물(TDEAT;Ti[N(C2H5)2]4)과 NH3를 이용하여 thermal MOCVD와 dc pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD(PA-MOCVD)인 2종류의 TiN박막을 증착하여 비교하였다. TiN박막의 특성분석은 XRD, AES, FE-SEM, α-step과 XPS로 연구하였다. DC pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD로 증착된 Tin박막은 ion bombardment 효과에 의해 열적으로 증착된 것보다 더 fine한 columnar구조를 나타내므로써 막의 결정질이 향상되었다. 플라즈마에서의 아르곤 이온의 충돌로 인해 탄소(C)는 오히려 유기 화합물보다 탄소 라디칼로 존재하였다. 따라서 탄소 라디갈은 기판의 강한 (-) potential에 의해 TiN박막에 trap되기 때문에 탄소(C)는 열적으로 증착된 TiN박막보다 더 많은 양이 존재하는 것으로 추정된다. By using of (TDEAT;Ti[N(C2H5)2]4)and ammonia gas source, we deposited two different TiN thin films with thermal MOCVD and dc pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD (PA-MOCVB). The properties of TiN thin films were studied by XRD, AES, FE - SEM, α - step and XPS analyses in this work. The TiN films deposited by dc pulsed PA - MOCVD have a little higher density and a fine columnar structure, compared with thermally deposited TiN thin films. This may be due to ion bombardment effect resulting in improved crystallinity in films. Carbon in the film may exist in the form of carbonic radical rather than organic compound because of collision with Ar ion in the plasma. Consequently, the content of carbon in the film of dc pulsed PA - MOCVD was higher than that in thermally deposited TiN films, because carbon radicals could be trapped in the film by strong negative potential of the substrate.