The zinc ionophore clioquinol reverses autophagy arrest in chloroquine-treated ARPE-19 cells and in APP/mutant presenilin-1-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells

Seo, B.R.,Lee, S.J.,Cho, K.S.,Yoon, Y.H.,Koh, J.Y. Elsevier Science Pub. Co 2015 NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING Vol.36 No.12

Arrested autophagy may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Because we found that chloroquine (CQ) causes arrested autophagy but clioquinol (ClioQ), a zinc ionophore, activates autophagic flux, in the present study, we examined whether ClioQ can overcome arrested autophagy induced by CQ or mutant presenilin-1 (mPS1). CQ induced vacuole formation and cell death in adult retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells, but co-treatment with ClioQ attenuated CQ-associated toxicity in a zinc-dependent manner. Increases in lysosome dilation and blockage of autophagic flux by CQ were also markedly attenuated by ClioQ treatment. Interestingly, CQ increased lysosomal pH in amyloid precursor protein (APP)/mPS1-expressing Chinese hamster ovary 7WΔE9 (CHO-7WΔE9) cell line, and ClioQ partially re-acidified lysosomes. Furthermore, accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers in CHO-7WΔE9 cells was markedly attenuated by ClioQ. Moreover, intracellular accumulation of exogenously applied fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated Aβ<SUB>1-42</SUB> was also increased by CQ but was returned to control levels by ClioQ. These results suggest that modulation of lysosomal functions by manipulating lysosomal zinc levels may be a useful strategy for clearing intracellular Aβ oligomers.

활성 슬러지와 UF막을 연계한 공법에 있어서 FLUX에 미치는 운전인자의 영향

윤조희,서정범 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1995 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.1

활성슬러지와 UF막을연계조합한 공정을 이용하여 운전조작인자를 변화시켜 처리수의 플럭스에 미치는 영향에 대하여 실험한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1)유기물의 용적부하가 증가함에 따라 처리수의 BOD농도는 다소 상승하는 경향이 있었으나 항상 10mg/L이하이었고, SS농도는 전 공정에서 1mg/L 이하로 안정된 수질을 나타내었다. 또한 막면유속은 처리수의 수질에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 2) 유기물 용적부하 0.4kgBOD/m^3.d에서 막면유속이 0.6m/sec까지는 슬러지 부착현상 등에 의하여 플럭스가 0.05m^3/m^2.d정도로 안정되게 유지되었다. 3) 막면 유속을 1,/sec에서 유기물 용적부하를 0.8kgBOD/m^3.d이하인 경우에는 0.15m^3/m^2.d이상의 높은 플럭스를 나타내었으나 그 이상으로 높게 되면 슬러지부착 및 막의 막힘현상이 발생하여 플럭스가 감소하였다. 4) 반응조내의 미소생물상은 막면유속에 영향을 크게 받았으며 원생동물의 수는 막면유속증가와 함께 지수적으로 감소하였다.

退行性關節炎 韓方治療에 對한 最近 硏究 動向 : 臨床硏究 方法論을 中心으로 Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Pubmed and Chinese Medical Journals

서병관,류성룡,이송실,허정은,백용현,이재동,최도영,조윤제,김남재,박동석 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Objective : The aim of this study was to review systemically clinical trials on the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Methods : Computerized literature searches were carried out on seven electronic databases, and hand-searching on some chinese medical journals in library of Kyung Hee Medical Center. Trial data were extracted in a standardized, predefined manner and assessed independently. Results : 1. Thirty reports of clinical trials and two reports of meta-analyses concerning herbal medicine were collected and reviewed Among these reports three medical herbs were applied as topical medicine and others as internal medicine. 2. The western studies established NSAIDs or placebo as their control group. Five chinese reports established formulated herb pill(Ruanshnagshenjin pill) as their control group and Six did not establish a control group at all. 3. ACR was the most highly used diagnostic criteria in the western studies while the Chinese used their official criteria established by their government or the criteria of their text books. 4. 20 reports chose the Lequesne functional index, SHAQ, WOMAC OA index, AIMS, and their own unique scoring system as the criteria of analysing the effect. Others chose clinical symptoms, articular functions, and lab finding as their criteria. 5. 7 single herbs and 19 formulated herbs were studied. Among the formulated herbs, Achyranthes japonica was studied in 10 of the studies and Angelica gigantis Radix in 8, making them the most often studied herbs among the studies.

일 대학 병원 마취 · 회복실 간호사의 간호활동 분석

강윤경,김경미,김연이,박혜옥,서광희,송숙녀,이현숙,조의영 대한간호행정학회 2006 간호행정학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: This study was aimed to specify roles of nurses from the anesthesia and recovery room by analyzing nursing activities as well as anesthesia nursing during surgery. Method: The objects were 12 RNs working in the recovery room of a university hospital located in Incheon. Self-report was performed by measuring stop-watch for five days from May 17th to May 21st in 2004. Research method was designed to record the time and frequency of the nursing activity from anesthesia and recovery room based on nurses' statement and other references for five days. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-test via SPSS Win 10.0 program. Result: Nursing activities in anesthesia recovery room were classified into two different characteristics such as direct and indirect nursing activity. The activities consisted of 11 direct nursing areas and 39 nursing activities in anesthesia preparation room. The indirect nursing was classified into 8 nursing areas and 32 nursing activities. The direct nursing was classified into 12 nursing areas and 55 nursing activity. Also, the indirect nursing was classified into 7 nursing areas and 21 nursing activities in recovery room. In terms of prevalence of nursing activities in the anesthesia preparation room, observation and cooperation of anesthesia was the most prevalent activity, drug and eqipment management the second prevalent, and drug administration the third. On the other hand, in the recovery room, the most prevalent activity was vital sign checking and observation, the second most prevalent activity informative activity, and the third body temperature control. Nursing activity time was recorded according to the nursing characteristics. In the anesthesia preparation room, the direct nursing spent for 8092.20 minutes was larger than the indirect nursing spent for 7198.50 minutes. Also, in the recovery room, the direct nursing spent for 2361.16 minutes was larger than the indirect nursing spent for 1134.13 minutes. 4. Nursing activity time was compared to duty shifts. In the anesthesia preparation room, the direct nursing was more prevalent on day shift and the indirect nursing was prevalent on evening shift. However, in the recovery room, both direct and indirect nursing activities were prevalent on day shift. Conclusion: The role of anesthesia and recovery room nurses was analysed according to the time, frequency, and its characteristics.

급성 충수염에서 의사에 의한 수술지연이 수술후 경과에 미치는 영향

조병욱,박성흠,윤서구,최경우 대한대장항문학회 1998 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.14 No.3

전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

재래식 시장 지하 상인의 호흡기증상 및 폐기능 조사 연구

이승관,이창규,조경진,임현표,서장훈,최윤수 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1998 保健科學論集 Vol.24 No.1

The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function were studied in a group of 55 whole-sale market merchants Working in underground. As a control group, 55 whitecollar workers was also included in this study. Following results were obtained. A higher complaint for respiratory symptoms(cough, sputum, chest tightness, shortness of breath) was found among merchants than control workers. The measurement value for FVC, FEV1.0, FEV 1.0% in the merchants were reveal to lower figure in comparison with control groups. The measurement Value for MVV, PEF in the merchants were lower than control groups, but was not significant statistically. The pattern of pulmonary ventilation disturbance in the whole-sale market merchant were the same as followings : restrictive disturbance(6 person), abstrictive disturbance(1 person), and combined disturbance(1 person).

만성 어깨 통증을 유발한 양측성 탄력섬유종 1예

장재훈,김강민,김태우,정현광,조윤성,서수홍,이충원 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Elastofibroma is a rare, benign, soft-tissue tumor that usually located at the inferior pole of the scapula. It is important to differentiate this tumor from other soft-tissue tumors such as sarcoma, fibromatosis, metastatic tumor, and lipoma. A 57-year-old female who complained of chronic both shoulder pain was admitted to our hospital with bilateral, soft tissue masses located in the subscapular region. Ultrasonography, CT and MRI images showed bilateral inhomogeneous tumors that measured 7×3×6 cm. This was compatible with elastofibroma by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Shoulder pain was gone with decreasing size of masses after conservative treatment and avoiding workload to the shoulder. We present this case with a review of literatures.

Involvement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in the Neuronal Differentiation

Yoon Mi Cho,Yoon Seong Jang,Young-Min Jang,Jin-Young Seo,Ho Shik Kim,Jeong Hwa Lee,Seong Whan Jeong,In Kyung Kim,Oh-Joo Kwon 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.11 No.6

Expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress response (ERSR) genes were examined during the neuronal differentiation of rat fetal cortical precursor cells (rCPC) and rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. When rCPC were differentiated into neuronal cells for 7 days, early stem cell marker, nestin, expression was decreased from day 4, and neuronal markers such as neurofilament-L, -M and Tuj1 were increased after day 4. In this condition, expressions of BIP, ATF6, and phosphorylated PERK as well as their down stream signaling molecules such as CHOP, ATF4, XBP1, GADD34, Nrf2 and p58<SUP>IPK</SUP> were significantly increased, suggesting the induction of ERSR during neuronal differentiation of rCPC. ERSR was also induced during the differentiation of PC12 cells for 9 days with NGF. Neurofilament-L transcript was time-dependently increased. Both mRNA and protein levels of Tuj1 were increased after the induction, and the significant increase in NeuN was observed at day 9. Similar to the expression patterns of neuronal markers, BIP/GRP78 and CHOP mRNAs were highly increased at day 9, and ATF4 mRNA was also increased from day 7. These results strongly suggest the induction and possible role of ERSR in neuronal differentiation process. Further study to identify targets responsible for neuronal induction will be necessary.

Effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on scar pain in burn patients : A prospective, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled study

Cho, Yoon Soo,Joo, So Young,Cui, Huisong,Cho, Sung-Rae,Yim, Haejun,Seo, Cheong Hoon Williams & Wilkins Co 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.32

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been used to reduce pain in patients with various musculoskeletal diseases and wounds. We investigated the effect of ESWT on scar pain after complete wound epithelialization in burn patients.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>A prospective, single-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted from February 2014 to 2015. Forty patients with burn scar pain despite standard therapy (medication, physical therapy, and burn rehabilitation massage therapy) were randomized into ESWT or control (sham ESWT) groups. ESWT was administered at 100 impulses/cm<SUP>2</SUP> (0.05–0.15 mJ/mm<SUP>2</SUP>) once per week for 3 weeks. The treatment effects were assessed using the numerical rating scale (NRS), pain threshold, Nirschl pain phase system, and Roles and Maudsley scores.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The characteristics of patients between the 2 study groups were balanced (<I>P</I> >0.05) for age, sex, and total burn surface area (%). In both groups, the NRS, pain threshold (Ib/cm<SUP>2</SUP>), and Nirschl pain phase system values significantly improved (<I>P</I> <0.05) after 3 sessions of ESWT or sham therapy, and there were significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of these 3 variables (<I>P</I> <0.001, <I>P</I> <0.001, <I>P</I> = 0.013, respectively). The Roles and Maudsley scores significantly improved; among 20 patients, 17 reported a score of poor (85%) and 3 reported fair (15%) before ESWT, whereas 3 reported poor (15%), 8 reported fair (40%), 5 reported good (25%), and 4 reported excellent (20%) after ESWT (<I>P</I> = 0.004). The scores did not improve in the control group (<I>P</I> = 0.128).</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>ESWT significantly reduced scar pain in burn patients after wound recovery.</P>