T 세포활성항원 CTLA-4의 기능에 관한 연구 : T 세포에서 표적세포 살해능과 CTLA-4 발현과의 연관성 Target Cytotoxicity of T Cell Correlates with CTLA-4 Production

노만택,조양자,김용식,최용,조보현,최장원,정용훈 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.4

CTLA-4, a T cell activation antigen and a homologue of CD28, was originally identified as a gene by a series of reverse genetic approaches. While CD28 molecule has been characterized well as a stimulator of T-cell function via enhanced lymphokines production and stablilization of those mRNA, most of the functions of CTLA-4 remain unknown. It has been widely accepted that CTLA-4 functions as an immune suppressor which is down-regualting the function of CD28. We previously showed that 34 KD form of this antigen mainly expressed CD8+ subset, a cytotoxic or suppressor, of activated peripheral blood lymphocyte. Based on our previous finding this study was conducted to further characterize immunological function of CTLA-4 especially in terms of involvement of this molecule in T-cell effector function mediating target cell cytotoxicity. 4 human T cell clones with different target cytotoxicities were employed in this study. NBL46 (CD4+) and NBL77 (CD8+) were cytotoxic and NBL32 (CD4+) and NBL58 (CD 8+) were non-cytotoxic to target LBF cell in target cell chromium release assay. And in Western blot assay 34 kD antigen was detected in NBL46 (CD4+) and NBL77 (CD8+) clones but not in NBL32 (CD4+) and NBL58 (CD8+) clones. It was summarized that expression of the CTLA-4 antigen was associated with cytotoxicity but not with subset phenotypes of T cells. In conclusion CD8+ T subset of PHA-stimulated PBL was major and only CTLA-4 producer and this molecule was induced during mid to late stage of T cell activation. The cytotoxicity of T cell clones to its target cell was directly correlated with its CTLA-4 production and vice versa. And it was highly suggested that primary function of CTLA-4 may involved in T cell effector function which mediates target cell killing.

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Filorouracil-Polyglycolic acid제형의 Fluorouracil용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitioneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adenocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

위암환자의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin C-Carbon Particle의 Mitomycin 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,조영훈,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,조준식,최선웅,이진호,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,인현빈,정현용,김학용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherpy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. The Mitomycin C(MMC) adsorbed by the activated charcoal particles(CH) is relatively released when the drug concentration surrounding the carbon particles becomes low in the peritoneum of the peritoneal cavity. For the intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the advanced gastric adenocarcnoma, mitomycin C adsorbed on activated carbon particles was administered in the peritoneal cavity just before abdominal wall closure. The closed drainage tubes were inserted in the peritoneal cavity and clamped for tuo hours after completion of operation. MMC concentrations were serially measured in peritoneal fluid, plasma and urine at 2hour, 48 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour following its administration in order to study the efficacy of the MMC-CH as a drug delivery system. There were minimal toxicities in born marrow, liver, and gastrointestinal system after intraperitoneal MMC-CH administration. The data of this study suggested that MMC-CH may have a somewhat more beneficial effect than surgery alone when administered in optimal dose and schedules, but the MMC concentration of the peritoneal fluid was not sufficient to eradicate remnant cancer cells, and effective duration of maintenance was only below 24 hours in the peritoneal fluid and plasma.

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Fluorouracil-Polyglycolic acid 제형의 Fluorouracil 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitoneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adcnocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

탄소섬유시트로 보강된 R/C보의 最大耐力에 관한 통계 분석적 연구

최창식,김용채 대진대학교 건설연구소 2000 건설공학논문집 Vol.3 No.-

Recently, strengthening of structural members by adhesion of steel plate or fiber sheets is generally used. Particularly, the Carbon Fiber Sheets(CFS) is widely used. But the strengthening effect of the CFS is not clearly define yet. Therefore, this paper was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of carbon fiber sheets(CFS) methods by analyze previous studies, statistics. According to the results, the maximum load carrying capacity is increased up to 16.7% when the reinforced concrete beams were strengthened by carbon Fiber Sheets which is standard specimens. The length and number of the sheets was proved to be the most important parameter to the failure mode and strengthening capacity. But the other parameters made little effect on the strength. 키워드 : 탄소섬유시트, 보수, 보강 KEYWORDS : CFS, Carbon Fiber Sheet, Repair, Rehabilitation

만성정신분열병의 우울증상에 대한 Nortriptyline의 효과

崔龍成,金容植,趙斗英 大韓神經精神醫學會 1985 신경정신의학 Vol.24 No.3

Authors studied the antidepressant effect of nortriptyline on depression and withdrawal in admitted male chronic achizophrenic patients by dcuble blind method for 5 weeks of duration at Yong-In Mental Hospital. Sample size was forty one cases consisting of 21 nortriptyline group and 20 placebogroup. The results were as follows: 1) In nortriptyline group, there were no signif-icant change in mean BPRS scores, compared with those of placebo group. However decrease of mean BPRS score irom 11.50 to 6.54 was observed. 2) There were no significant change in mean BDI scores in nortriptyline group compared with those of placebo group but also decrease of mean BDI score from 40.90 to 35.23 was observed. 3) In nortriptyline group there were no signif-icant change of total DOTES scores throughout the study. None of total DOTES scores was found to be significantly different from those of placebo group.

디자인 문제요소의 구조화에 관한 연구 : DEMATEL법과 KJ법의 비교ㆍ분석을 중심으로

최명식,조용호 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2000 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.3 No.1

If the product design is assembly which reflects requirement of consumers and makers, design can be the best suitable work to combine the requirements. But the problem is the design system is not so simple. As the most of requirement of makers is connected with hardware condition, requirement is fulfilled to a certain extent by product design process applied a certain standard. However that of consumers which involves psychological aspect of human being is very difficult to figure out the entire concept clearly. Being possible to transform the design system to an easy and understandable format with rearrangement and categorization by all means, designing based on this makes a very stable result. In product design, it is the significant problem that how we figure out entire concept and how we solve it. The structural model is the model that makes such a complicated system an easy and understandable visual format. It is contrived form the fact that the human being quickly understands a diagram, beside it can be objectified by a diagram and mathematical preservation. This study aims to extract the more stage structual model by comparative analysis between DEMATEL theory which adapts quantitative analysis and KJ theory which adapts qualitative analysis among many structual models. As a result of analyzing those two theoretical backgrounds, there is a coincidence to build a structural diagram and to extract factors of system in the process of organizing structure but difference is found in the method to treat organizing the structure. The case study to cross check each theory takes analysis of 'Successful factors of Hit Product'. And with application of KJ and DEMATEL same time extract mutual effect of two theories and verifies the theoretical problem and practical problem. In order to select the most practical structual model. 1 put much attention to the process to define the model in the entire case study. As a result of case study, KJ theory is more effective in categorizing and condensing items and DEMATEL theory is effective in recovering the sub system and examining cause and effect among items. Especially in KJ theory, it has not only merit in practical way but also demerit in being abjective, and to cover this structual diagram and to cover frailty. The stable structual model suggested by the result of the case study is the experimental model which reflects experience and instinct of analyser and keeps being objective on the base of qualitative theory.

위절제술 후 발생하는 당뇨병의 원인과 병태생리에 관한 연구

최영식,고용호,박요한 고신대학교 의학부 1996 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.11 No.1-2

Recently several cases of diabetes were found after undergoing gastrectomy. The loss of stomach profoundly affects glucose metabolism which may lead to the development of diabetes in a certain group of patients, particularly those with diabetic risk factors such as family history. obesity, and other insulin resistance states. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in the plasma lipids and glucose metabolism and the risk factors of diabetes in patients who are planned to undergo gastrectomy so that it may help for the treatment and prevention of gastrectomy-related diabetes. The non-diabetic patients who admitted to Kosin Medical Center for gastrectomy were prospectively studied since March 1, 1995. They were divided into 2 groups; those with family history of diabetes, overweight, obesity, or impaired glucose tolerance on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (group Ⅰ, n=5) and those without (group Ⅱ, n=5). The ability to control blood glucose was evaluated by measuring blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide and glucagon during OGTT which was performed before and 1 month after gastrectomy. Ten out of 34 patients who entered the study were followed at 1 month after gastrectomy. Body weight decreased from 58.1±9.7 kg to 54.9±7.3 kg and values of other parameters of nutritional status also decreased. The levels of blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon generally increased at 0, 60, and 120 minutes during postoperative OGTT as compared to those levels during preoperative OGTT. The blood glucose level increased from 147.6±31.5 to 178.2±45.7 mg/dl at 60 min. (p=0.07) and the insulin level increased from 38.1±27.0 uU/ml to 113.6±96.1 uU/ml at 60 min. (p=0.05). In preoperative OGTT the insulin level was higher at 60 min. and at 120 min. in group I than in group Ⅱ (56.7±23.9 uU/ml vs. 19.4±11.6 uU/ml, p=0.03, 36.1±21.4 uU/ml vs. 8.51±6.9 uU/ml, p=0.03, respectively). Most patient took three meals a day and highly concentrated carbohydrate such as honey between meals. Impaired glucose tolerance developed postoperatively in one woman of overweight group but none of normal weight group. The development of impaired glucose tolerance in one of 3 overweighted women and abnormal glucose metabolism in general after gastrectomy suggests that postoperative risk of development of impaired glucose tolerance be substantial, particularly in patients with diabetic risk factors such as obesity. To prevent the development of postoperative abnormal glucose metabolism adequate weight control before operation, preferably from young age, and postoperative measures to decrease excessive insulin secretion and hence insulin resistance, such as frequent small meals which consist of low carbohydrate and increased mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acid are suggested.

레이저 형광법에 의한 프로세싱 플라즈마중의 입자 계측에 관한 연구

최상태,이광식,하장호,전용우,박원주 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1998 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.26 No.2

Armorphous materials have various structures that is determined by different manufacturing conditions. That is, the photoelectric characteristics of films manufactured by different conditions are totally different. The growth mechanism of a-Si should be understood in order to controll the characteristics and structures of these kinds of materials. In this study, we try to elucidate the particle behaviours in a processing plasma using a low pressure glow discharge. And because of difficulties understanding discharge mechanism, we have done the processing so far depending on the experimental methods that compare the thin film produced by varing discharge parameter with the results of micromachinary. But, this has a limitation in the development because it regards the plasma as a blackbox. Therefore, because it needs to observe the discharge parameters and plasma background gas systematically, we try make sure that the particle behaviours be made clean by using laser fluorescence method which is predominant in a phenomina measurement and special resolution.

ISO 9000 인증이 생산성과 품질에 미치는 영향

최용정,이희식 한국생산성학회 2001 生産性論集 Vol.15 No.1

Many domestic companies have been acquired the ISO 9000 series certification ever since the quality assurance system of ISO(International Organization for Standardization) 9000 series introduced. This certification system means that a company can satisfy the minimum requirements for the quality assurance. And, eventually, ISO 9000 series is understood as quality assurance system for product by customers. A purpose of this study is to analyze the degree of product's quality improvement and productivity improvement by the effectiveness which is identified as worker's mindset improvement, a management ability improvement and quality system's establishment in the existing papers as well as the construction of a quality assurance system by acquiring the ISO 9000 series certification. In order to identify the product's quality improvement and productivity improvement, the analysis of a design quality improvement, a manufacturing quality improvement, a service quality improvement, and productivity improvement are conducted through this study.