Sustained-release praziquantel tablet : pharmacokinetics and the treatment of clonorchiasis in beagle dogs

Hong, Sung-Tae,Lee, Sang Hyup,Lee, Seung-Jin,Kho, Weon-Gyu,Lee, Mejeong,Li, Shunyu,Chung, Byung-Suk,Seo, Min,Choi, Min-Ho 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2003 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.12

Praziquantel is rapidly absorbed and secreted; and thus fractional doses are recommended for the treatment of cestode and trematode infections. In the present study, we developed a new praziquantel tablet formula allowing sustained-release (SRP). In vitro dissolution of SRP tablets showed that praziquantel at 300 ㎎/tablet combined with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dissolved completely at a constant rate over 10 h, whereas the conventional praziquantel tablet (PZQ) was only 40% dissolved. Pharmacokinetic studies in dogs confirmed that SRP was absorbed more slowly than PZQ. The mean value of the area under the concentration/time curve from 0 h to the final observation time, the maximum concentration in serum, and the time of maximum concentration in serum for SRP were 3.471.500 ng/min for 0.25 ㎖, 10,300 ng for 0.25 ㎖, and 192 min. while the values for PZQ were 688,600 ng/min for 0.25㎖, 2,500 ng for 0.25㎖, and 135 min. The cure rate in dogs with a heavy infection (500 metacercariae) treated with a single dose of SRP (150 ㎎/tablet) at 50 ㎎/㎏ was 80%, while in dogs treated with a single dose of SRP (300 ㎎/tablet) at 30 mg/kg it was 60%, and the cure rate with PZQ was 20%. In each case. the egg reduction rate was similar (over 90%). No abnormal liver functions or hepatic or renal pathologies were observed in dogs administered with SRP at 30 ㎎/㎏. The SRP tablet showed sustained release and slow absorption; and it had an improved anthelmintic efficacy against Clonorchis sinensis in experimental dogs. compared with conventional praziquantel.

Nanocrystalline silicon films deposited with a modulated hydrogen dilution ratio by catalytic CVD at 200 ℃

Tae-Hwan Kim,Kyoung-Min Lee,Jae-dam Hwang,Wan-Shick Hong 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.2

Nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) thin films that are deposited at low-temperatures (<200 ℃) often contain an incubation layer as thick as 10 nm. This incubation layer deteriorates performance of electronic devices, such as bottom-gate thin-film transistors, fabricated from the nc-Si film. We found that the crystallinity of the nc-Si films could be improved by adding a large quantity of hydrogen to the source gas. However, the hydrogen dilution degraded the deposition rate. We attempted a modulation of the hydrogen dilution ratio in a catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD) system to achieve both a minimal incubation layer and high throughput. We obtained an incubation-layer thickness of 3 nm and were able to grow a 200-nm-thick film in 18 min. Nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) thin films that are deposited at low-temperatures (<200 ℃) often contain an incubation layer as thick as 10 nm. This incubation layer deteriorates performance of electronic devices, such as bottom-gate thin-film transistors, fabricated from the nc-Si film. We found that the crystallinity of the nc-Si films could be improved by adding a large quantity of hydrogen to the source gas. However, the hydrogen dilution degraded the deposition rate. We attempted a modulation of the hydrogen dilution ratio in a catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD) system to achieve both a minimal incubation layer and high throughput. We obtained an incubation-layer thickness of 3 nm and were able to grow a 200-nm-thick film in 18 min.

Ether-free polymeric anion exchange materials with extremely low vanadium ion permeability and outstanding cell performance for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) application

Cha, Min Suc,Jo, Sang Woo,Han, Seung Hui,Hong, Soo Hyun,So, Soonyong,Kim, Tae-Ho,Oh, Seong-Geun,Hong, Young Taik,Lee, Jang Yong Elsevier 2019 Journal of Power Sources Vol.413 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ether-free poly(<I>p</I>-phenylene)-based anion exchange membrane materials with outstanding vanadium ion blocking properties are reported. The synthesized ionomers with a rigid backbone structure show small dimensional variations despite the high ion exchange capacities. Among the synthesized membranes, the QPPP-2 membrane with ion exchange capacity of 2.1 meq·g<SUP>−1</SUP> exhibits high anion (OH<SUP>−</SUP>, SO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP>, and Cl<SUP>−</SUP>) conductivity. The QPPP-2 membrane shows an extremely low diffusion coefficient (2.12 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>) for VO<SUP>2+</SUP>, which is much lower than that of Nafion 115 (2.88 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>), indicating the vanadium ion blocking property of QPPP-2. Moreover, the chemical and operational stabilities of the membranes are investigated <I>via</I> ex situ soaking tests in 0.1 M VO<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP> solution and in situ operation tests for 100 cycles, respectively. The vanadium redox flow battery single cell assembled with the QPPP-2 membrane exhibits a coulombic efficiency of 99%, voltage efficiency of 87%, and energy efficiency of 86% during 100 cycles at 80 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. The excellent chemical, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the QPPP-2 membrane make it suitable for use in vanadium redox flow battery.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> AEMs are fabricated by a Ni(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. </LI> <LI> The synthesized ionomers indicated excellent dimensional and chemical stability. </LI> <LI> Ether-free polymeric AEMs showed extremely low vanadium ion cross over. </LI> <LI> The performance of developed AEM showed high EE (87%) with high capacity retention. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Crosslinked anion exchange membranes with primary diamine-based crosslinkers for vanadium redox flow battery application

Cha, Min Suc,Jeong, Hwan Yeop,Shin, Hee Young,Hong, Soo Hyun,Kim, Tae-Ho,Oh, Seong-Geun,Lee, Jang Yong,Hong, Young Taik Elsevier 2017 Journal of Power Sources Vol.363 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A series of polysulfone-based crosslinked anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with primary diamine-based crosslinkers has been prepared via simple a crosslinking process as low-cost and durable membranes for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). Chloromethylated polysulfone is used as a precursor polymer for crosslinked AEMs (CAPSU-x) with different degrees of crosslinking. Among the developed AEMs, CAPSU-2.5 shows outstanding dimensional stability and anion (Cl<SUP>−</SUP>, SO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP>, and OH<SUP>−</SUP>) conductivity. Moreover, CAPSU-2.5 exhibits much lower vanadium ion permeability (2.72 × 10<SUP>−8</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>) than Nafion 115 (2.88 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>), which results in an excellent coulombic efficiency of 100%. The chemical and operational stabilities of the membranes have been investigated via ex situ soaking tests in 0.1 M VO<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP> solution and in situ operation tests for 100 cycles, respectively. The excellent chemical, physical, and electrochemical properties of the CAPSU-2.5 membrane make it suitable for use in VRFBs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The crosslinking between polymer chains are constructed by 4,4′-diaminobenzophenone. </LI> <LI> The crosslinked AEMs were fabricated by commercial polysulfone (PSU; Udel<SUP>®</SUP> P-3500). </LI> <LI> The crosslinked AEM based on PSU indicated good chemical and dimensional stability. </LI> <LI> The performance of crosslinked AEM showed high EE (86%) with high capacity retention. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

서울의 PPNG 발생 빈도(1991-1992)

김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.

광고 대행사와 제작사의 사회연결망 분석 : 광고 대행사의 소유형태와 규모가 거래관계에 미친 영향

홍석민,윤태일,이기홍 한국방송광고공사 2005 광고연구 Vol.0 No.66

이 연구는 광고시장개방이 한국 광고산업에 실질적으로 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해서, 2002년 산업자료를 바탕으로 대행사와 방송광고 제작사 사이의 거래연결망을 분석해보았다. 특히 사회연결망 분석(Social Network Analysis; SNA)의 틀을 원용하여, 광고 대행사의 소유형태(다국적 대행사 대 국내 대행사) 및 규모(상위권 대행사 대 중위권 대행사)에 따라 연결망에 차이가 있는가를 통계적으로 검증해 보았다. 분석결과 다국적 대행사가 국내 대행사보다, 그리고 상위권 대행사가 중위권 대행사보다 거래연결망의 구조 자체가 더 밀도가 높고 다양하여 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 또, 이들 대행사의 중앙성(centrality) 지표가 높아 제작사와의 거래연결망에서 더 중심적인 위치를 차지하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 특히 중앙성 지표에 대한 대행사의 소유형태와 규모 사이의 상호작용 효과는 연결정도 중앙성, 사이 중앙성, 위세 중앙성 3가지 지표 모두에서 나타났다. 또 중앙성 지표가 높은 대행사일수록 방송매출액, 순위, 종업원 수, 1인당 취급액 등의 기업성과 관련 지표에서도 우수성을 나타냈다. 이러한 분석결과에 대한 이론적 실무적 함의와 국내 광고산업의 경쟁력 제고를 위한 제언사항을 논의했다. Prior studies regarding Korea’s advertising industry have almost exclusively examined practitioners’ perceptions of changes in the advertising industry as global advertising agencies launched business in Korea. This study on Korea’s advertising market, however, used a unprecedented approach by looking into the relationship between advertising agencies and advertising production companies through the framework of social network analysis. It tested if there existed significant difference by ownership(global vs. local) and size(the largest 10 agencies vs. the rest) in maintaining business networks. Results from this study indicate that the global advertising agencies show stronger network density and centrality, more diversification, and more efficiency than the local advertising agencies in terms of inter-organizational relationship. Additionally, the interaction effect existed between the ownership and the size of advertising agencies by centrality index. Finally, the higher centrality index among agencies is, the higher billing and ranking are. The end of the paper offers further theoretical and practical implications of the analyses and suggestions to improve Korean advertising agencies’ business performance.

저온에서 혐기성 소화에 대한 온도영향

閔庚碩,金弘泰,姜玉熙 慶北大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.51 No.-

This study was conducted to show the possibility of application of anaerobic digestion process in low temperature. Laboratory single-stage anaerobic digester was operated at 15 to 80 days' HRT at the temperature of 15℃, 20℃, 25℃ and 35℃. The results of this study indicated that the organic removal efficiencies and gas productions were remarkably decreased in low temperature. Despite of the low organic loading of 0.67 ㎏-COD/㎥·day at 15℃ the gas production was very poor as 0.16㎥CH_4/㎏COD removed. The observed maximum F/Mv ratio which would get the organic removal efficiencies of 70% and 60% respectively at the temperature of 20℃ and 15℃ were 0.1 ㎏COD/㎏MLVS·day. The substrate removal rates(Km) had a tendency to become larger at higher temperature, and were critical at the temperature of 20 to 25℃.

大邱·慶北地域 産業廢棄物의 發生 및 處理現況 調査硏究

閔庚碩,安榮浩,金弘泰 慶北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.52 No.-

For the effective management of industrial wastes, it is necessary to evaluate these characteristics. This analytical investigations were carried out to study on the characteristics of industrial wastes in Taegu and Kyungpook region. In order to carry out this study, the basic data were collected from Ministry of Environment, a Statistical Yearbook of Korea, and the Taegu Chamber of Commerce and Industry. The conclusions from this study are as follows: 1) Total number of generation companies and generation quantity of industrial wastes were 2, 199 and 7,599,913 ton/year (about 20,822 ton/day) respectively. Among them, specified and general wastes were 3.1% and 96.9% respectively. 2) The self-disposal, commission disposal and storage for industrial wastes were 56.9%, 411.1% and 2.0% respectively. 3) The future generation quantity of industrial wastes was calculated with the future production rate of generation companies. In 2005, the generation quantities of industral wastes are 16,970,832 ton/year, and the disposal requirement are 12,646,259 ton/year.

中風 動物 모델의 運動機能失調에 對한 硏究

洪茂昌,申玟圭,禹太律 慶熙大學校韓醫科大學韓醫學硏究所 1999 慶熙韓醫大論文集 Vol.22 No.1

We induced brain ischemia using middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAo) and studied the results of walking initiation and circling test, posture reflex test, water bath swimming test to characterize the motor dysfunction and establish the model of stroke by MCAo for oriental medicine. Analysis of total rotation angle during 1 min. swimming showed significant motor dysfunction in occlusion group(3hrs, 6hrs, 9hrs, 24hrs after MCAo). Analysis of rectal rotation number during 1 min. swimming showed significant difference between control group and occlusion group(3hrs, 6hrs, 9hrs, 24hrs after MCAo). Analysis of posture reflex test showed significant difference between control group and occlusion group(3hrs, 6hrs, 9hrs, 24hrs, after MCAo). Significant motor dysfunctions are shown at start time in 24hrs, at inner circle time and outer circle time in 9hrs, 24hrs, at contalaterl or ipsilateral circling number or 180°turn in 3hrs, 6hrs, 9hrs, 24hrs during walking initiation and circling test. Results revealed that brain ischemia by intraluminal method was good at stroke model for oriental medicine which chiefly reveals motor dysfunction by paralysis of one side and behavior index suggested in this article could be used as a useful index for assessment of motor dysfunction.

실리카흄을 흔입한 고강도 콘크리트 개발

홍창우,김태경,김경진,김성환,김남윤,심도식,이정호,윤청호,백민경,원치문,박제선,이주형,정경일 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

콘크리트 구조물이 대형화됨에 따라 설계단면이 증대되어 상대적으로 많은 경제적 손실을 부담하게 된다. 따라서 단면을 감소시키면서도 소요의 하중에 안전한 구조물을 건설하기 위해서는 우선적으로 구조물 건설에 기초가 되는 고품질, 고내구성의 고강도 콘크리트 개발이 절실히 요구된다 본 연구에서는 일정 시멘트비 및 혼화재 비율하에서 소요의 워커빌리티가 확보되는 고강도 콘크리트를 시간과 온도의 변화에 따라 증기 양생하여, 압축, 인장, 휨강도 뿐만 아니라 파괴특성을 실험적으로 연구하였다. 시료 제작시 시멘트 입자 사이의 공극 및 불연속 영역을 충전하여 고밀도화하기 위한 콘크리트용 혼화재로 시멘트 비표면적이 상당히 작은 초미립 분말인 실리카흄을 이용하였다. 또한 AE감수제 및 고성능 유동화제를 사용하여 혼화재의 첨가에 의하여 발생될 수 있는 워커빌리티의 감소를 방지하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 일정 양생 지속 시간하에서 온도의 증가에 따라 콘크리트의 압축, 인장 및 휨강도가 전반적으로 증가하였다. 동일하게 일정 온도하에서 양생 지속시간이 커짐에 따라 강도들이 증가됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 상대적으로 높은 온도와 긴 지속 양생 조건하에서 파괴에 대한 저항력이 크게 나타났다. The compressible, tensible, and flexibleresistance of the high strength concrete is analyzed by the experimentation in the present study. For the test, we cure several samples with the silica fume as a mixture being become dense the spaces between the particle of cement under the variation of both the temperature and the curing-interval. Then, the superplasticizer and the ezcon are also used to satisfy the required workability for construction. The compressible, tensible, and flexible resistances to a stress are increased as increasing the temperature and the time interval for the curing. Therefore it is concluded that the overal fractural and mechanical properties is improved by mixing the silica fume into the cement.