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고압 유체 시료의 pH 및 알칼리도 측정 방법 : 가상 시료를 활용한 실용성 평가
송민석,문수현,채기탁,방준환,Minseok Song,Soohyeon, Moon,Gitak Chae,Jun-Hwan Bang 한국지하수토양환경학회 2024 지하수토양환경 Vol.29 No.1
As part of monitoring technology aimed at verifying the stability of CO<sub>2</sub> geologic storage and mitigating concerns about leakage, a method for measuring the pH and alkalinity of high-pressure fluid samples was established to obtain practical technology. pH measurement for high-pressure samples utilized a high-pressure pH electrode, and alkalinity was measured using the Gran titration method for samples collected with a piston cylinder sampler (PCS). Experimental samples, referencing CO<sub>2</sub>-rich water and CO<sub>2</sub> geologic storage studies, were prepared in the laboratory. The PCS controls the piston, preventing CO<sub>2</sub> degassing and maintaining fluid pressure, allowing mixing with KOH to fix dissolved CO<sub>2</sub>. Results showed a 6.1% average error in high-pressure pH measurement. PCS use for sample collection maintained pressure, preventing CO<sub>2</sub> degassing. However, PCS-collected sample alkalinity measurements had larger errors than non-PCS measurements, limiting PCS practicality in monitoring field settings. Nevertheless, PCS could find utility in preprocessing for carbon isotope analysis and other applications. This research not only contributes to the field of CCS monitoring but also suggests potential applications in studies related to natural analogs of CCS, CO<sub>2</sub>-rock interaction experiments, core flooding experiments, and beyond.
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송민석,강은진,김태림,박종은,이건탁,윤희,황성연,차원철,신태건,심민섭,조익준,최진호 대한응급의학회 2022 대한응급의학회지 Vol.32 No.6
Objective: Elevated levels of cardiac troponin in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) is not well understood and is often ignored. This study aimed to investigate the impact of cardiac troponin I (TnI) levels on the clinical outcome of patients visiting the ED with or without CKD. Methods: In this retrospective single-center cohort study, we enrolled patients visiting the ED without a diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Elevated cardiac TnI was defined as being ≥99th percentile of the normal population (Siemens ADVIA Centaur TnI-Ultra≥0.040 ng/mL). The clinical outcomes of patients with CKD stage≤2 and CKD stage ≥3 were compared. The primary endpoint was the 180-day all-cause death, including cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular deaths. Results: Among a total of 30,472 patients (median age, 61 years; male sex, 54.3%), elevated TnI was found in 4,377 patients (14.4%). There were 3,634 deaths (11.9%) including 584 cardiovascular (1.9%) and 3,050 non-cardiovascular deaths (10.0%). The risk of all-cause death increased in patients with elevated TnI in both CKD stage≤2 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9-2.3) and CKD stage≥3 (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.4-1.7), and so did the risks of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular death (HR, 1.2-4.7) (P<0.05, all). The association of elevated TnI with death risk was consistent in multivariate analyses and in most clinical subgroup analyses. Conclusion: Elevated TnI was associated with higher 180-day mortality irrespective of renal function among patients visiting the ED without documented CAD. CKD patients visiting the ED with elevated TnI may warrant additional evaluation or careful follow-up even without the presence of CAD.
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Endoscope-Assisted Hairline Approach for Head and Neck Masses: A Review
송민석,우승훈 대한이비인후과학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.16 No.4
Conventional surgery through a transcervical incision is indicated for the treatment of certain tumors in the head and neck. However, this method can cause multiple problems, including scarring and cosmetic concerns. The endoscope-assisted hair-line approach, which serves as an alternative to conventional surgical procedures, is gaining popularity due to its excellentcosmetic and functional outcomes. However, given the anatomical complexity involved, the endoscope-assisted hairlinetechnique is not frequently employed in head and neck surgery. The evolution of the hairline surgical approach has beeninfluenced by changes in disease conditions and recent advances in surgical tools. This review article discusses the use ofendoscope-assisted hairline approaches in the resection of head and neck masses, focusing on the surgical procedure andpostoperative clinical outcomes.
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Balancing MPEG Transcoding with Storage in Multiple-Quality Video-on-Demand Services
송민석,심정섭,Jaedoo Go,Bumsun Lee,박수준 한국전자통신연구원 2009 ETRI Journal Vol.31 No.3
To match the requirements of heterogeneous mobile devices, video objects may be transcoded, which requires considerable CPU resources. Alternatively, multiple versions of the same video may be stored on servers, but this requires a lot of disk space. We formulate the trade-off between the versions that are stored on disk and the need for transcoding. We propose an optimal solution to this formulation based on dynamic programming. Experiments show that our scheme allows up to 68% more clients to be admitted than conventional schemes when a reasonable amount of storage is available.
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