심리전문가 수련생을 위한 집단상담 프로그램 개발의 예비연구: 심리도식 및 수용전념치료를 중심으로

조주성(Ju Sung Cho),장은진(Eun Jin Chang),전은영(Eun Young Jeon) 한국발달지원학회 2020 발달지원연구 Vol.9 No.3

본 연구는 심리전문가 수련생을 대상으로 전문가로서의 성장을 목적으로 심리도식치료 및 수용전념치료에 기반한 집단상담 프로그램 개발을 위한 예비연구를 실시하고 그 효과성을 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 프로그램 개발에 관한 모형을 통해 관련 변인과 총 18회기의 내용을 개발하고 내용타당도를 검증하였으며, D지역 심리전문가 수련생 7명을 대상으로 해당 프로그램을 실시한 후 대응표본 t검증과 효과크기(Cohen’s d)를 산출하여 효과성을 검증하였다. 그 결과, 자기성찰(t=-2.04, df=6, p=.04), 정서인식의 명확성(t=-3.16, df=6, p=.01), 정서적 안정성(t=2.81, df=6, p=.01)이 통계적으로 유의미한 변화를 나타내었으며, 자기수용은 유의미한 수준의 변화를 나타내지는 않았지만(t=-.1.34, df=6, p=.11), 효과크기는 중간수준임으로 나타나(d=-0.50) 더 많은 대상자들을 상대로 실시할 경우, 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 산출할 가능성이 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 심리도식치료와 수용전념치료를 적용한 집단상담 프로그램을 통하여 심리전문가 수련생들에게 교육분석에 필요한 내용을 체계적으로 제공하고 그 효과성을 검증하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 본 예비연구에서 효과성이 검증되었으므로 향후 프로그램의 완성도를 높인 후, 비교집단을 활용한 무선 통제집단연구나 종단연구 등을 통하여서도 반복적인 효과성 검증을 할 것을 제안하였다. The purpose of this study is to develop and verify the effectiveness of group counseling program, based on the Schema Therapy(ST) and the Acceptance-Commitment Therapy(ACT), for the growth of psychological professional trainees. For this purpose, psychological professional trainees(n=7) were surveyed, and research participants were selected. Based on program development model, this study conducted content validity verification, conducted a paired samples t-test, and calculated effect size (Cohen s d) to verify the effectiveness of the 18 session program. As a result, introspection (t=-2.04, df=6, p=.04), clarity of emotional recognition (t=-3.16, df=6, p=.01), and emotional stability (t=2.81, df=6, p=.01) showed statistically significant changes. Although acceptance (t=-1.34, df=60, p=.11) did not show a significant change, its effect size being middle level(d=-0.50) indicates that if the test is conducted in a larger sample, a statistically significant outcome could result. This study is meaningful in that it verified the effectiveness of a systematic expert training program that applies the ST and the ACT. Since the program’s effectiveness has been verified in this preliminary study, it is suggested that a controlled or longitudinal study should be conducted to re-verify the effectiveness of this program.

고혈압백서 대동맥에서 Ca에 의한 수축에 미치는 Na/Ca교환기전의 영향

전병화,김국성,박경숙,김주석,김세훈,장석종 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

We investigated the contraction by sodium-calcium(Na-Ca) exchanges in the aortic strips of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Resting tension of aortic strips in SHR was decreased by the removal of extracellular Ca and those were recovered by the addition of Ca. However, resting tone of aortic strips in WKY was not changed by Ca removal or Ca addition. Ca-induced contraction after exposure to Ca-free solution was suppressed by verapamil 10^-6M to 90% or more. In the presence of verapamil 10^-5M, phentolamine 10^-6M, caffeine 5mM and atropine 10^-6M, the reduction of extracellular sodium concentration([Na]o) from normal(158 mM) to 0 mM(replaced by choline chloride) caused the contraction(Ca entry by Na-Ca exchange). The amplitude of contraction was more greater in SHR than in WKY rats. In the presence of verapamil 10^-5M, phentolamine 10^-6M, caffeine 5mM and atropine 10^-6M, aortic strips were not contracted by Naand Ca-free solution, but was contracted by the addition of Ca. In the presence of verapamil 10^-5M and phentolamine 10^-6M and ouabain 10^-5M, Ca did not induce contraction after exposure to Ca-free Tyrode ' s solution, but in the presence of verapamil 10^-5M and phentolamine 10^-6M and monensin 10^-5M a sodium ionophore, Ca induced a little contraction in the aortic strips of SHR. These observations suggest that Na-Ca exchange does not contribute the development of Ca-induced contraction after exposure to Ca-free Tyrode ' s Solution in the presence of normal extracellular Na concentration. However, Na/Ca exchange in vascular smooth muscle is increased in SHR and may be involved in the mechanism for hypertension in SHR.

해면효과익선의 부양실내 유동현상에 관한 수치적 연구

전창수,이주형 한국 항공대학교 항공산업기술연구소 1998 航空宇宙産業技術硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

해면 효과 익선의 부양실내의 유동해석을 상용 프로그램인 FLUENT UNS 4.2를 사용하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 부양력이 발생되는 경향과 부양력에 영향을 미치는 변수들의 민감도에 대한 변화 경향 해석에 중점을 두고 해석을 수행하였다. 부양력에 영향을 미치는 변수로는 입구속도, 부양 높이, skirt 길이, 공기 흡입구 위치, 수면과 부양실 선두 사이의 높이와 선미 높이로 설정을 하였고 각각의 경우에 대해 부양실 상판에서의 평균압력과 부양력을 계산하였다. 해석 결과 부양력의 크기는 입구 속도가 커질수록, 부양 높이가 작아 질수록 증가하였다. skirt의 높이 변화에 대해서는 skirt 높이가 높아질수록 증가하였으며 공기 흡입구의 위치 변화에 대해서는 center에서나 편심일 경우 부양력의 변화는 그리 커지 않았다. 선체가 기울어져 부양할 경우 선미가 낮아진 경우와 선두가 낮아진 경우의 부양력의 차이는 거의 없다. Numerical simulations on the flowfield of lifting chamber for Wing-In Ground vehicle were performed using Fluent/UNS 4.2 software. The trend of lifting force in lifting chamber and parametric study of geometric and fluid variables were primarly investigated. Selected parameters for investigation are inlet velocity, height between chamber and water level, depth of the skirt, location of inlet, variation of hight at bow and stern. From the converged solutions, the lifting forces were calculated by integration of pressure field, imposed on the upper surface of lifting chamber. The lifting force was increased linearly with the increase of inlet velocity and nonlinearly with the decrease of height between the chamber and water level. As for the variation in depth of the skirt, the lifting force was increased as increased depth. It turned out to have very minor effect to change the location of air inlet for lifting chamber. Tilting the vehicle when it was lifted, the height between bow and water level would be higher than that between stern and water level, or vise versa. In those cases, the lifting forces, developed in each case, showed no appreciable changes.

무시멘트형 인공 고관절 전 치환술 이후 완전 체중 부하

김주용,전진욱,김영창 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.4

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the result of immediate full weightbearing after cementless total hip arthroplasty and to find the appropriate rehabilitation program. Materials and Methods: The(52patients)60case of cementless total hip arthroplasty was evaluated after average duration of follow up 78.4months. The age of patients at the time of operation had average 54.7years. Preoperatively diagnosis was avascular necrosis 36case, osteoarthrites 18case. The Harris hip score was checked clinically at last follow up and osteolysis and subsidence was evaluated radiologically. Results: Harris hip score was improved to 93.2point, Radiologic finding revealed no severe more than 2㎜ and subsidence and physical examination revealed hip pain on only 2case. inguinal pain on 1case. Results: At last, we can not find fibrous ingrowth that was worried in the prvevious rehabilitation program. No significant difference was revealed as compared with the result of previous reports. Immediate full weightbearing after cementless total hip arthroplasty shortend the hospital stay and can make early return to the society.

수면 무호흡증 환자의 진단방사선학적 고찰

손은주,박정희,전혜정,최영칠,이창희,신현준,이경용 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2002 건국의과학학술지 Vol.12 No.-

Our purpose was to determine whether there are statistical differences in upper airway size and compliance when patients with obstructive sleep apnea are compared with healthy volunteers using ultrafast CT, and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrafast CT in obstructive sleep apnea. 29 patients clinically suspected of obstructive sleep apnea and ten healthy volunteers underwent examination of the upper airway with ultrafast computed tomography. All patients had operations; uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP,n = 19), UPPP with tosillectomy (n = 7) and UPPP with septoplasty (n = 3). Eight axial images every 0.7 sec in 8 ㎜ sections were obtained using flow mode. CT was performed twice while the subjects were awake with quiet breathing and were asleep with apnea. Smallest cross-sectional area in the nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx and compliances were assessed in patients and control subjects. Among the 29 patients, 22 patients showed narrowing at oropharyngeal level and six patients showed narrowing at two or more levels. Patients with obstructive sleep apnea had significantly smaller mean cross-sectional area than obstructive sleep apnea had significantly smaller mean cross-sectional area than control subjects in the oropharynx while sleeping (p<0.05). But there was no significant difference in mean smallest cross-sectional area of the nasopharynx (p = 0.47). In addition, the patients with obstructive sleep apnea had greater compliance of the oropharynx (79.8% vs 39.3%) and hypopharynx (58.9% vs 19.2%) (p<0.01). Patients with obstructive sleep apnea are characterized by a small oropharyngeal airway and collapsible oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal airways. Ultrafast CT scanning allows rapid and noninvasive assessment of airway variables.

간외담관 폐쇄에서의 초음파소견 : 담관벽 경계소실의 중요성 Significance of Decreased Echotexture of Bile Duct Wall-Interface

신현준,손은주,이창희,최영칠,전혜정,박정희,이태의 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2002 건국의과학학술지 Vol.12 No.-

Ultrasound is very useful in evaluation of obstructive jaundice. We retrospectively evaluated the useful findings of ultrasonography in differentiating benign extrahepatic duct obstruction from malignant diseases. Among the 36 patients, 25 patients were benign extrahepatic obstruction and 11 patients were malignant obstruction. The shapes of extrahepatic dilatation were classified into fustiform, meniscus, and abrupt cut off by bowel gas. The diameter, length, and bile duct wall-interface were compared between benign and malignant groups and serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were also compared between two groups retrospectively. The results were as follows. The most common form of extrahepatic dilatation was meniscus(10 of 26 patients, 38%) in benign obstruction, and fusiform(8 of 11 patients, 73%) in malignant obstruction. No significant difference was noted in diameter, length, serum bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase between benign and malignant groups. Only one case showed decreased bile duct wall-interface in benign obstruction, but loss or decrease of bile duct wall-interface were 8 patients in malignant obstruction. The combined findings of fusiform dilatation and loss of bile duct wall-interface in ultrasonography will be helpful in differential diagnosis of malignant extrahepatic bile obstruction from benign conditions.

ICP(Inductively Coupled Plasma) 처리에 따른 n-type SiGe/Metal contact의 SBH(Schottky Barrier Height) 연구

김이곤,장호원,전창민,송영주,강진영,심규환,제정호,이종람 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.2

The effect of surface treatment of n-type SiGe using the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was studied by current-voltage and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements. The ICP treatment produced surface oxides and point defects at the surface of SiGe. The x-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements showed that atomic ratio of Ge/Si was increased after the etching treatment. These results provide the evidence that Si vacancies were produced at the etched surface. Si vacancies acting as donor for electrons resulted in shift of Fermi level to near the conduction band. As a result, Fermi level could be pinned at such Si vacancies, leading to the remarkable reduction of Schottky barrier height and the reduced dependence of Schottky barrier height on metal work function. (Received September 7, 2004)

신축학교 실내공기질이 초등학생들의 인지기능에 미치는 영향

김태섭,김선주,박시영,전만중,김규태,김창윤,정종학,백성옥,사공준 대한산업의학회 2007 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.19 No.1

목적: 신축초등학교와 대조학교를 선정하여 교실 내 포름알데히드와 TVOCs를 측정하고 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 이용하여 실내공기 오염물질이 학생들의 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 방법: 신축초등학교 5학년 71명을 실내공기 오염물질 노출군으로 하고, 개교한지 12년째인 대구시의 일개 초등학교 5학년 2학급 63명을 대조군으로 하여 실내공기 오염물질농도 측정 및 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 실시하였다. 결과: 신축학교에서 의도적으로 창문을 개방한 학급에서 1교시 포름알데히드 농도는 34.6 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에는 27.3 ㎍/㎥, 창문을 개방하지 않은 학급에서 1교시 80.2 ㎍/㎥, 4교시 127.1 ㎍/㎥, 대조학교에서는 2학급 각각 1교시에 12.6 ㎍/㎥, 7.5 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 19.8 ㎍/㎥, 25.2 ㎍/㎥였다. TVOCs의 경우 신축학교의 의도적으로 창문을 개방한 학급에서 1교시에 농도는 487.2 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 428.2 ㎍/㎥, 창문을 개방하지 않은 학급에서 1 교시에 농도는 1,283.5 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 1,715.4 ㎍/㎥, 대조학교의 경우 2학급에서 각각 1교시에 농도는 240.9 ㎍/㎥, 150.8 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 농도는 371.9 ㎍/㎥, 448.0 ㎍/㎥였다. 부호숫자 짝짓기의 평균반응시간은 대조학급이 1교시에 2,585 msec에서 4교시에 2,459 msec으로 감소한 반면 신축학교의 창문을 의도적으로 개방한 학급은 2,343 msec에서 2,510 msec으로, 평소대로 수업한 학급은 2,340 msec에서 2,563 msec으로 반응시간이 각각 167 msec, 223 msec 증가하였다. 1교시의 부호숫자 짝짓기 의 반응시간을 100%로 했을 때 창문을 의도적으로 개방 한 학급은 4교시에 5.9% 증가하였고(p<0.01), 평소대로 수업한 학급은8.3% 증가하였다(p<0.01). 반면에 대조학급은 4교시에 5.0% 감소하였다(p<0.01). 결론: 향후 학교의 실내공기질의 안전성 평가는 샘플링 된 공기의 오염수준의 측정뿐만 아니라 학생들의 건강영향도 함께 고려되는 것이 바람직할 것이다. Objectives: Most studies on the indoor air quality of newly built schools have focused only on the number of schools exceeding a standard or on subjective symptoms, such as sneezing, irritated eyes and an irritated nose. However, there has been no report on how poor indoor air quality affects children's academic performance. This study evaluated the effects of indoor air quality on the neurobehavioral performance of elementary school children. Methods: This study measured the indoor air pollutants and compared children's performance, using a computerized neurobehavioral test, between a newly built and a 12-year-old school. In addition, a questionnaire was administered regarding the indoor air quality related symptoms of children in a newly built and a 12-year-old school. Results: In the newly built school, the formaldehyde levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with an open window were 34.6 and 27.3 μg/㎥, respectively. The levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window closed were 80.2 and 127.1 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 12-year-old school, the formaldehyde levels in 1^(st) and 4^(th) class with open and closed window were 12.6 and 7.5 μg/㎥, and 19.8 and 25.2 μg/㎥, respectively. With respect to total volatile organic compounds, the levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window open in the newly built school were 87.2 and 428.2 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window closed, the total volatile organic compounds were 1,283.5 and 1,715.4 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 12-year-old school, the total volatile organic compounds were 240.9 and 150.8 μg/㎥, and 371.9 and 448.0 μg/㎥ in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes, respectively. In the case of a newly built school, the performance of the students in the neurobehavioral test in the 4^(th) class with the window closed was 8.3% lower than for those in the 1^(st) class with the window closed, but was only 5.9% lower when the windows were open. There was a statistical significant difference in the total numbers of symptoms between the two schools. Conclusions: These results suggest a proper evaluation of the indoor air quality within schools is required into both the level of contamination and the health effects of these contaminants toward children.

한국 대도시 고령자의 체격, 체력 및 운동실태와 운동 프로그램개발에 관한 연구

김경지,강동원,장주호,전익기,윤우상,곽은창,박영진,유재충 경희대학교 사회체육연구소 1996 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.9

The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of the health related variables, and physical characteristics and physical fitness of the elderly people in order to provide a exercise program. The data about the health related variables were collected through the personal interview, and the data about physical charateristics and physical fitness (height, weight, % body fat, blood pressure, pulse rate, grip stength, trunk flexion, side step test, 2 min, harvard step test) of 373 elderly people living Seoul and kyungkee area were collected. The conclusions of this study can be summarized as follow; 1. The test results about smoking, drinking, sleeping and self-evaluation of health revealed that the elderly people have self-confidence about their health. 2. Not many elderly people participate the proper exercise program even though they recognize the need of exercise. 3. The results showed that the elderly people do not pay much attention to the intensity of the exercise. 4. Muscle strength training for leg and the lower back and cardio-vascular endurance training was recommended to reduce the risk of varius problems caused by aging. 5. A exercise program was suggested for the elderly people.

누구를 위한 POCT인가?

조경진,이창규,이승관,정희천,김미숙,남경미,전주임 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2001 保健科學論集 Vol.27 No.2

Patient-oriented minds and Bill of Rights have brought a lot of POCTs or Waived Tests, which can obviously be threats to the medical technology profession. However, we cannot help but admit the realities and should take some necessary measures to meet the situation. Accordingly we took a survey to find what opinions medical scientists or nurses have against the POCTs. Most of the scientists worried about the reliabilites of test results while nurses were concerned about the ambiguity of their job entities. Taking account of the POCT nature, the scientists should lead the development of POCT menus and have the primanry responsibility to educate or train the POCT perfomers maitaining periodic QCs on all the procedures or equimpments, not paying much attention to the issues who might be the performers.