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융합교육(STEAM) 운영 현황 실태 조사 및 미래형 융합교육(STEAM)에 대한 인식 조사
김현경,김현경,김선경 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 2023 Brain, Digital, & Learning Vol.13 No.1
In this study, the current status of implementation of STEAM education was investigated, and the perception of future STEAM education was investigated. A survey was conducted for teachers of the STEAM Teacher Research Group, and frequency analysis and word cloud keyword analysis were performed on the response data. The key findings are as follows. With respect to current status of implementation of STEAM education, first, the reason for implementing STEAM education was teachers' voluntary efforts and the necessity for future talent cultivation for all elementary, middle and high school teachers. Second, the difficulties in implementing STEAM education are heavy workload, adjustment of class hours, difficulties in securing budget, and lack of understanding of STEAM education for elementary schools. For middle schools, the answers are difficulties in curriculum restructuring and collaborating with other teachers, and the lack of program dissemination, while high schools responded to the lack of curriculum reorganization, administrators' understanding and educational expectations. Third, as a learning method for STEAM classes, the student participation type in which students directly solve problems was mainly used, and the student-led type emphasized in future STEAM education was already applied. Regarding the perception of future STEAM education, first, they were well aware of the main contents of future STEAM education, such as nurturing future talent, chemical fusion, student-led, real-life problem solving, and sympathized with the necessity. Second, difficulties related to the implementation of future STEAM education were teacher competency, teacher understanding, culture creation, and realistic burden. Finally, by synthesizing these opinions, the goals for revitalizing future STEAM education are summarized as strengthening teachers' professionalism, forming a consensus, and creating an environment inside and outside the school. As a specific way to achieve this, professional support for teachers, research and selfdevelopment, change of perception, administrative and financial support, and institutional support were suggested.
김현경,은영,전경자,소애영,김희걸,엄미란,송연이,최은숙,박지연,김형숙 한국지역사회간호학회 2014 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.25 No.2
Purpose: This study was performed to identify job competencies and needs for job education perceived by newcommunity health practitioners. Methods: This study used a qualitative research design. Eight new communityhealth practitioners participated in this study. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed usingcontent analysis. Results: Five job competencies were identified in this study, including primary care, public healthmanagement, interpersonal relationship, teaching and counseling, and leadership. The contents of job educationthat they needed were management of major symptoms and chronic diseases, understanding and prescriptionof medications, emergency responses and care, management of endemic diseases, planning and managementof public health programs, writing official documentsand computer works, and leadership training. The learningmethods they preferred were connecting theory and practice, situation- or case-based learning, skill- or practice-based learning, and increased opportunities of clinical practice. Conclusion: The findings of this study providedthe direction of job education for new community health practitioners. Job education for new communityhealth practitioners needs to consider the job competencies and educational needs identified in this study.
유산소 운동이 비만한 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 혈관 내피세포 기능에 미치는 영향
김현경,강승모,이승엽,박세환,민경완,한경아 대한비만학회 2011 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.20 No.3
연구배경: 비만과 당뇨병은 모두 혈관내피세포기능 부전이 생기는 것으로 알려져 있다. 운동은 이러한 혈관기능을 호전시키는 것으로 알려져 있지만 이것이 운동 자체의 효과인지 아니면 체중감소의 동반효과 때문인지에 대한연구는 체계적으로 이루어지지 않았다. 이에 본 연구는 비만한 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 체중감소가 없이 유산소 운동만을 시행한 군과 식사 요법, 유산소 운동을 함께 시행하여 체중 감소를 나타낸 군의 혈류매개 혈관확장반응(FMD)을 비교하여 체중 감소가 혈관 내피 세포 의존성 혈관 이완능의 개선에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2008년 8월부터 2008년 12월까지 당뇨센터를 내원한 제2형 당뇨병 환자 중 운동, 식사 요법만을 시행중이거나 메트포르민을 복용 중인 자, 체질량지수 23 kg/m2 이상의 과체중 환자 40명을 대상으로 대조군, 체중 유지 운동군, 체중 감소 식사운동군으로 분류하였다. 체중 유지 운동군은 400 kcal 이상의 열량 소모를 할 수 있는유산소 운동을 주 5회, 1회 60분 이상 시행하였고 체중 감소 식사운동군은 운동군과 같은 정도의 운동을 시행함과동시에 연구 시작 이전의 식사에 비해 300 kcal/day의 열량 섭취를 제한하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 연구 전후로 혈류매개 혈관확장반응(FMD), 인슐린 저항성(Kitt), 아포지질단백질 B, 유리지방산, hsCRP 혈청 지질, 혈당, 혈압 등을 측정하였다. 결과: 12주 후에 대조군과 체중 유지 운동군은 0.75 ± 1.06 kg와 0.64 ± 0.71 kg의 증가로 연구 전후 유의한체중 변화를 보이지 않았고 식사 운동군은 3.07 ± 1.03 kg의 체중 감소를 보였다. 체중 감소가 동반되었던 식사운동군에서 혈류매개 혈관확장반응이 2.62 ± 2.7의 개선을 보였고 아포지질단백질 B과 유리 지방산 역시 유의한감소를 보였다. 인슐린 저항성, hsCRP 등은 대조군, 운동군, 식사운동군 모두에서 유의한 개선을 보이지 않았다. 결론: 당뇨병 환자에서 운동 요법은 체중 감소가 동반될 때 혈관 내피 세포 의존성 이완능의 개선을 보이고 이는 아포지질단백질 B와 유리지방산의 호전과 동반되어 나타난다.
Pluronic Nanoparticles do not Modulate Immune Responses Mounted by Macrophages
김현경,조상현,연승민,김경훈,정진웅,박태원,변영주,이은희,박영인,정용우 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.12
Nanomaterials have been developed for the target delivery of medicine because they show the characteristics of selective emission or controlled release. Although accumulated data suggest the efficacy of these materials for the target delivery, it still remains to be determined whether they modulate immune responses to pathogens or foreign materials. In this study, we examined whether Pluronic nanoparticles (NPs), a type of nanomaterial, alter immune responses mediated by macrophages. When RAW 264.7 cells (RAW cells) were treated with Pluronic NPs in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), they produced normal levels of nitric oxide (NO). Furthermore,the treatment with Pluronic nanomaterials did not induce cytotoxicity with or without LPS. Further, LPS-stimulated RAW cells expressed comparable levels of proinflammatory cytokine genes, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, with or without treatment by Pluronic NPs. These data suggest that Pluronic NPs do not modulate immune responses mediated by macrophages.