前近代 일본의 西洋 異國船 표착처리

신동규(Shin, Dong?Kyu) 한일관계사학회 2006 한일관계사연구 Vol.25 No.-

전통 사상 및 교육 방법의 현대 도덕 교육과정에서의 활용 가능성 연구

함규진 ( Kyu-jin Ham ),신창호 ( Chang Ho Shin ),임홍태 ( Hong Tae Lim ),지준호 ( Chun-ho Chi ) 한국철학사연구회 2016 한국 철학논집 Vol.0 No.50

도덕은 하나의 철학적, 심리적 상념으로서도 존재하지만, 실천으로 이어져야만 비로소 도덕으로서 역할을 할 수 있게 된다. 기본적으로 도덕이란 타자가 자신과 공존할 때, 그 타자와의 관계에서 좋음(goodness) 또는 옳음(righteousness)을 추구하는 것이기 때문이다. 그런 도덕이란 대부분 본능적으로 체득할 수 없기에 도덕교육이 있게 되는데, 한국인의 경우 서구와 다른 도덕적 전통을 갖고 있으며 따라서 서구적 도덕교육으로 충분하지 않거나, 전통적 도덕교육을 활용함으로써 더 나은 교육이 이루어질 수 있는 가능성을 찾을 수 있다. 그런 견지에서 전통의 실천적 의미를 재해석하고 활용하는 일은 한편의 논문으로는 너무 방대한 과제이다. 그래서 이 글에서는 비교와 범주화, 그리고 활용의 편의를 위해 전통을 ‘근세 유교(조선왕조 이후의 유교) 전통’으로 한정짓고, 다시 도덕교육 가운데 현행 도덕과 교육의 교육과정을 전통 교육과정과 비교함으로써 일정한 성과를 얻고자 하였다. 전통 교육과정은 기(氣)의 발달에 근거하여 연령별로 단계별 학습을 시도했으며, 그 핵심 이념은 인(仁)과 의(義), 실천적 덕목은 효(孝), 제(弟), 자(慈), 직(直), 근(勤), 검(儉)이라고 정리해볼 수 있다. 여기서는 그러한 전통 교육 이념이 ‘자신과의 관계’, ‘타인과의 관계’, ‘사회 공동체와의 관계’, ‘자연·초월과의 관계’로 영역을 나누고 각기 지향할 가치, 실천할 덕목을 배정한 현 도덕과 교육의 체계와 상통할 수 있다고 보고, 그에 따라 교육 현장에서 실천할 몇 가지 전통-현대 융합적 교육 방안들을 제안하였다. Any moral ideas get integrity upon their practices. Because in human society systems, morality have capability among human interactions, for it gives moral standards(good or bad/ right or wrong) to them. And when the society system is Korean, Koreans surely have developed unique styles of moral practice and moral education in their traditional ages. So reinterpretating and categorizing the moral tradition for taking advantage of it in contemporary context, make sense. In this study, Korean moral tradition is focused in its scope, as ``Confucian moral tradition in semi-modern era``. For convenience of study and the potentials of effective revision, Korean tradition have been resized. In Confucian moral tradition, semi-modern Korean moral ideas could be presented as ren(仁) and yi(義). Furthermore, ren and yi could be practiced with several moral virtues, like xiao(孝), di(弟), ci(慈), zhi(直) qin(勤) gian(儉). When compared with contemporary moral education idea systems, the traditional system can have affinity with the systems in moral ideas division(``with-self morality``, ``with-others morality``, ``with-universe and transcendence morality``). And several fusion-style, integration-based education practices can be developed and applied at contemporary school moral education.

Interleukin-2가 Mouse 자궁내막의 Acid Phosphatase 활성에 미치는 영향

김원규,신규철,정호삼,이규식 한양대학교 의과대학 1989 한양의대 학술지 Vol.9 No.2

Interleukin-2, a kind of lymphokine produced by the T-lymphocyte stimulated by antigen or mitogen, has been studied intensively with the development of immuno-oncology and chemoimmunotherapy of the malignancy. Interleukin-2 is known to exert on antitumor effect by stimulating the proliferation of helper and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, augmenting the cytolytic activities of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte and differentiating a precursor cell into a lymphokine-activated killer cell in vivo. Though interleukin-2 suppresses the metastasis of the malignant tumor into the adjacent organs, it develops many side effects including fever, chills, malaise, mental confusion, diarrhea, vomiting and oliguria. Interleukin-2 also causes pulmonary, hepatic and renal toxicities and, especially, increase of capillary permeability with weight gain, pulmonary edema and ascites. In this experiment, the author studied the effect of interleukin-2 on the mouse endometrium, observing histochemically the changes in the activity of acid phosphatase following the estrous cycle. Female, DDY strain, weighing 20gm and exhibiting normal estrous cycle, were used as experimental animals. The estrous cycle was recognized by the vaginal smear. The experimental animals were treated with 2 million units of interleukin-2/0.2ml per Kg of body weight and with 0.2ml of normal saline per Kg of body weight in the control groups for 5 days. And animals were sacrificed 5th day after administration of interleukin-2. The specimens obtained from the corpus uteri were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution for 24 hours at 4℃ and sliced at 14μm thickness in a frozen cryostat. The activity of acid phosphatase was observed by the Gomori's method for histochemical study. The result obtained was as follows: The acid phosphatase activity was increased at estrus and decreased at diestrus in interleukin-2 treated group. There was, however, no marked differences in acid phosphatase activity of the proestrus and metestrus between control and interleukin-2 treated groups. Consequently, it was suggested that interleukin-2 develop the changes of the acid phosphatase of the endometrium of the mouse.

위발성 위장관 악성림프종 환자에서 항암치료의 효과

김찬규,신영록,김현정,배상병,이남수,이규택,박성규,원종호,홍대식,박희숙 순천향대학교 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most common site of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), which is increasing in incidence, but there is no established optimal treatment modality. Thus, this study was investigated the clinicohistologic feature, the therapeutic modalities, and the prognosis for GI-NHL, as well as the factors affecting it. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 45 patients who had been diagnosed as having GI-NHL and had been followed up from July 1994 to February 2005 at Soonchunhyang University Hospital. The patients were divided into groups according to the site of origin and to various other features, and the survivals of the various groups were compared. The modified Ann Arbor system and WHO classification were adopted for staging and histopathologic classification, respectively. Results: GI-NHL of the stomach, small bowel, ileocecal region, and colon occurred in 28 patients (62.2%), 5 patients (11.1%), 3 patients (6.7%), and 8 patients (17.8%), respectively, In one patient, the entire gastrointestinal tract was diffusely involved. The median age of patients was b5 years (25~78 years), and male-to-female ratio was 1:1.1. Fourteen patients were in stage Ⅰ, 24 in stage Ⅱ, 4 in stage Ⅲ, and 3 in stage Ⅳ. Surgical resection was performed in 19 patients, and combination chemotherapy was performed in 43 patients. Surgical resection only was performed in 4 patients, Chemotherapy only was performed in 26 patients. The expected overall 5 year survival of 45 patients was 39.6%, and there was a significant survival difference between the stages, but between sites of origin (p=0.842). The most important factors influencing the survival was the stage and other factors were not significant. Conclusion: The stomach was the most common site of GI-NHL. Most GI-NHL were localized Stage was the most important prognostic factor. However, Prospective randomized studies are needed to approve the therapeutic modality.

The Application of Logic Based Computerized Evaluation in Determining Procedure Flow in APR1400 CPS

No Kyu Seong,Yeong Cheol Shin 대한인간공학회 2012 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.5

Objective: This paper introduces the logic based computerized evaluation in determining procedure flow in Advance Power Reactor 1400 (APR1400) computerized procedure system (CPS) and suggests guidelines to increase operator performance from Human Factors Engineering (HFE) point of view. Background: Plant procedures are instructions to guide operators in monitoring, decision making, and controlling nuclear power plants (NPPs). While plant procedures historically have been paper-based, computer-based procedures are being developed to overcome the drawbacks of paper based procedures. The CPS is used to integrate the operational instructions, plan process information and computerized operator support functions in advanced main control room (MCR) of APR1400. The logic based computerized evaluation of CPS functions can help MCR operators to determine procedure flow with higher speed and accuracy. The guidelines for this logic based computerized evaluation are important for procedure writers to select the right type of operator interaction depending upon the operational situation such as urgency of the operator actions. Method: The logic based computerized evaluation types in CPS are Auto evaluation type and ManualAuto evaluation type. Auto evaluation type displays the evaluation value for the instruction and ManualAuto evaluation type displays evaluation value for the instruction after the operator inputs evaluation value. This logic based computerized evaluation types are applied to computerized procedures in NPPs. Conclusion: This paper describes Auto/ManualAuto evaluation types in CPS and suggests guidelines to increase operator performance from HFE point of view and plant operation procedures. The developed Shin-Kori NPPs 3&4 units computerized procedures for considering suggested guidelines will be verified & validated at the Shin-Kori 3&4 final (HFE) V&V.

학습무기력(學習無氣力)과 학업성취(學業成就)와의 관계(關系)

김정규 ( Jeong Kyu Kim ),신기명 ( Ki Myung Shin ) 건국대학교 교육연구소 1991 교사와 교육(구 교육논집) Vol.15 No.-

I. Problems The learned helplessness phenomenon is claimed by Seligman to produce deficits in motivation, cognition, and affect which results m various performance deficits m subjects exposed to situations designed to produce learned helplessness Three components of the orignial theory may be described as follows: (1) Motivational-the incentive to initiate voluntary responses in a traumatic situation wanes as the expectation that responding will produced when relief is diminished : (2) Cognitive a disturbance in the form of proactive interference occurs in which the subject is unable to perceive that the parameters of the learning environment have shifted from those of uncontrollability to controllability(e.g, from a noncontingent to a contingent setting) : and (3) Emotional-a heightened state of fear or emotionality occurs which dissipates with control, or wanes into apathy / depression if the subject is repeatedly exposed to uncontrollable events (Maier, Seligman & Solomon, 1969: Seligman, Maier & Solomon, 1971) Learned helplessnes is related to the literature of achievement motivational attribution theory most directly, in that the phenomenon has been studied m achievement-oriented, academic settings with tasks that are achievement based For example, Diener and Dweck(1978) studied children`s performance and cognitions while worked on tasks they previously had failed. They found that, in addition to using relatively less effective problem-solving strategies, helpless children focused their attention more on their concerns about their performance and less on problem-solving strategies that did mastery children A sutdy by Miller(l986) suggested that children who believe that effort will not produce positive result actually reduce their effort, in part, to avoided providing unambiguous evidence that they lack ability(i e., Failure despite high effort). Diener and Dweck`s(1978) research also suggested that helpless children are preoccupied with performance and that then concerns about their ability to solve tasks interfere with their ability to use effective strategies to solve problems or master material The purpose of this study was to investigate learned helplessness on the academic achievement of high school students II. Methods To research this study, 864 high school student(M = 399, F = 465) were sampled from the City of Seoul in Korea, using Shin`s Learned Helplessness Scale(l990) The data were analyzed by some appropriate statistical analysis method(i e, pearson`s y, cronbach α, Duncan t-test, Turkey`s studentized Range Test by employing the SAS package III Results The main results and findings of this study can be summarized as follows 1) There was a negative correlation between the LH scale and Achievement Score of high school students(n = 864, y = -26, P < 001) 2) According to LH groups and achievement score, there were a significant difference high LH group and middle LH group, high LH group and law LH group (Duncan t-test, p< 05) 3) This LH scale showed a significant difference between liberal schools and vocational schools(F = 6 11, P < 001) 4) It was found out that the LH scale showed a significant difference male students and female students(F = 4 90, P < 01) 5) It is possible to explain the academic achievements with LH scale(ETA Square = 5 63)

쓰레기 매립장 주변 농촌 주민들의 삶의 질 연구

이명경,최준열,김인경,조영아,김영신,정혜진,김리나,이영규,조영태,Lee, Myung-Kyung,Choi, Jun-Yeol,Kim, In-Kyoung,Cho, Yeong-Ah,Kim, Young-Shin,Jung, Hye-Jin,Kim, Li-Na,Lee, Young-Kyu,Cho, Young-Tae 대한예방의학회 2006 예방의학회지 Vol.39 No.4

Objectives: This study aims to examine if a garbage dumping site has real and negative influence on the quality of life (QOL) for the nearby residents. The net effects of the residential distance from the garbage dumping site and from the garbage truck route were investigated for five domains of the QOL. Methods: Two hundred fifty seven Shin-dong Myeon residents, Chun-cheon Si, participated in a self-administrated survey. The Shin-dong Myeon garbage dumping site began operating in 1996. ANCOV A with generalized linear models and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results: Descriptive analyses show that a residence nearby a garbage dumping site is negatively associated with the physical and environmental domains of the QOL. The residential distance from the garbage truck route does not exert any significant effect on various domains of QOL, except for the environmental domain. On the multivariate analysis, the residents living near the garbage dumping site tended to have a significantly negative QOL in the physical and environmental domains. However, the distance from the garbage truck route did not show a significant nor substantial effect on the QOL. The demographic and socioeconomic control variables are associated with a number of the QOL domains, and their patterns are consistent with the general expectations. Conclusions: The results indicated that a garbage dumping site is considered to be an environmental hazard among the nearby residents according to the lower scores on the physical and environmental domains of the QOL. The findings from this study provide comprehensive understanding on the residents' QOL, and they may help politicians and policy makers make decisions for appropriate interventions.

實驗的 慢性 腦血管 연縮에 대한 Calcuim 桔抗制의 效果

辛圭萬,鄭恩哲 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1990 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.45 No.-

신경외과 및 신경마취의 수리의 발달로 뇌지주막하출혈후에 뇌동맥류에 대한 수술적 위험도는 상당히 감소하였으나, 뇌지주막하출혈후 뇌허혈상태에 따른 사망률과 이병률의 주원인인 지연성 혈관연축에 대하여는 아직도 해결되어야 할 과제로 남아있다. 지연성 혈관연축발생의 기전에 대하여 현재까지 명확히 밝혀있지는 않으나, 뇌동맥류파열후 뇌기저뇌조들 내에 존재하는 대량의 혈액이 심한 지연성 뇌혈관연축을 발생시키는 가장 주요한 단일요인으로 사료되어 오고 있다. 현재까지 혈관연축의 치료 및 방지를 위해 수많은 약제를 시도하였으나 어느것도 성공적인 효과를 얻지 못하였다. 그러나 어떠한 자극에 의하여서도 혈관연축이 최종발생경로는 Calcium 이온에 이한 뇌혈관의 평활근 수축에 의한다는 이론에 근거하여 본저자는 개의 뇌대조내에 신선한 자가동맥혈 총 8cc를 주입하는 방법으로 인위적 지주막하출혈 유발시킨 실험모형을 이용하여 본 실험을 시행하였다. 실험군은 동맥혈을 주입후 12시간부터 0.5㎍/㎏/min의 Nimodipine을 7일 지속정주한 치료군과 약제를 투여하지 않은 비치료군으로 나누었다. 이 양군에서 지주막하출혈 유발전 7일과 유발후 8일에 시행한 추골동맥조영술상의 기저동맥의 직경감소율차를 양군에서 비교하였으며, 지주막하출혈 8일후 적출된 기저동맥의 미세구조를 전자현미경을 이용하여 양군에서 비교 관찰 연구하였다. 추골동맥조영술 실시 7일후에 자가신선동맥혈 5cc를 2분간 걸쳐 서서히 뇌대조에 주입후 12시간후에 3cc를 1분동안 더 첨가 주입하여 8일만에 재차 동맥조영술을 실시한 제 1군의 기저동맥의 평균직경은 2.09±0.09mm로 제 1차 동맥조영술상의 기저동맥의 직경보다 39.6%±2.87 감소되었으며, 제 1군과 같은 지주막하출혈 실험모형에 지주막하출혈을 유발시킨 4시간후부터 Nimodipine 0.5㎍/㎏/min을 7일간 지속정주한 제 2군의 제 2차 조영술상 기저동맥의 평균직경은 2.77±0.02mm로 제 1차 조영술상의 동맥직경보다 20.2%±1.29 감소되었고, 제 1군과 제 2군간의 통계처리상 의의가(P<0.001) 관찰되었다. 제 1군에서는 전체적으로 혈관내피세포와 혈관내피세포 하부의 부종으로 세포간의 연접부위가 붕괴되었으며, 이 세포들은 공포화되어 있는 소견이 관찰되었다. 동맥의 내막 및 내탄력층은 중등도로 함몰되었고, 불규칙하게 두꺼워졌으며 심한 부종소견을 보였다. 평활근은 혈관내피세포 하부로 이동되었고 세포질내에는 공포화되어 있었다. 제 2군에서 내피세포는 제 1군에 비해 단층으로 편평하며 세포간의 연접부위 결합이 잘 유지되었으며 내피세포하의 부종은 관찰되지 않았으며 내탄력층은 경미한 부종소견을 보였다. 평활근 세포들은 팽윤되어 있고 세포질내는 공포화되어 있었다. The therapeutic efficacy of intravenous nimodipine (0.5㎍/㎏/min) to treat the vasospasm was investigated in two-hemorrhage canine models. The chronic cerebral vasospasm was induced by cisterna magna injection of a total 8㎖ of fresh unheparinized arterial blood. Twelve adult mongrel dogs were divided into two groups of 6 by randomly : blood clots in basal cisterns(Group 1 ; no treatment group) and blood clots in basal cisterns+intraveous nimodipie injection(Group 2 ; treatment group). Nimodipie was administered postoperatively by continuous intravenous injection for 7 days. Selective left vertebral angiography was performed 7 days before and 8 days after induction of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH). The diameter reduction was studied by angiogram. Animals were sacrificed at postoperative 8th day and the ultrastructural changes were studied. The basilar artery diameter was reduced an average of 39.6%±2.87 in group 1 and 20.2%±1.29 in group 2, and between group 1 and 2 the difference of reduction of diameter was significant(P<0.001). In group 1 basilar arteries showed endothelial cell swelling with disruption of intercellular junction, subendothelial edema and thickening of the internal elastic lamina with marked edematous change. The smooth muscle cell shows subendothelial migration and intracytoplasmic vacuolization. The pathologic changes of arteries in group 2 were considered more favorable than that of group 1. These results suggest that early intravenous treatment with nimodipine is benificial in the treatment of chronic vasospasm of this models.

우수방사성의약품 생산시설 개발

신병철,정원명,박상현,이규일,박경배,박진호 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.2

Manufacturing facilities of the pharmaceuticals must meet certain level of the cleanness required so that foreign substances such as dust, moisture, heat, microorganism, or virus do not contaminate the product. In case of radiopharmaceuticals for medical treatment and diagnosis, not only should the operators and environment be protected from radiation but also need to be isolated from the foreign contaminant. Therefore, manufacturing facilities for radiopharmaceuticals must satisfy the design standards of both hot cell and clean room which are specified by GNP. However, standards of maintaining negative pressure for preventing spread of radioactive contaminant in isolated facilities conflict with the standards of maintaining positive pressure for keeping cleanness. To solve this problem, are pressure of hot cell was designed lower than in the adjacent area to meet standards of the radiation safety. To keep higher cleanness in certain part of the hot cell for filling, minimal relative positive pressure allows. In order to effectively maintain the cleanness that is required for production of Tc-99m generator, which takes 70% of whole demand of radiopharmaceuticals, the rooms placed in each side of production room are used as a buffer area and three lead hot cells are installed in production room. In this research, we established the appropriate engineered design concept for Tc-99m generator manufacturing facility, which satisfies both GMP cleanness standard for preventing particles, bacteria, other contaminants and the regulations of radiation safety for supervising and controlling the amount of radiation exposure and exhausted radioactivity. And the concept of multi-buffer zones is introduced to apply negative air pressure for hot cell with first priority and to continue relative positive air pressure for clean room.

纖維素 分解酵素 生産性 絲狀菌과 그 酵素活性에 關한 硏究

申炳湜,鄭圭永 건국대학교 1979 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Total 60 strains were isolated from various sources such as soils, composte, and rottenwood, debris using cellulase screen media from the isolated 60 strains in the first experiments 8 strains were first selected text as good ones and identified, cellulase activities were tested The results of these studies are as follows; 1.Identified of 8 strains SK -17 ; SO-2, SW-1 ; Trichoderma viride ST-1 ; Penicillium sp. SO-9 ; Aspergillus oryzae SW-2 ; Aspergillus niger SO-5 ; Aspergillus ochraceus SBN ; Neuropora sp. 2.The strongest of celluase activity is SW-2, SBN and SO-9. The Mark SBN is the strongest in Carboxy Methyl Cellulose liquefaction and SO-9 is higher activities in cup method reaction. 3.In the test of the 1'eaction time of substrate and enzyme. The enzyme activities are high as prorata of reaction time of 24hr, CMC liquefaction become a half of total substrate. 4.According to cultural periods, enzyme activity is reahced the hight one in the 4 or 5 days cultural time airier the 5 days cultural time period enzyme activities was dwindled. 5.At the volume of CMC liquefaction is much, the index of refraction is high by method of diffrential refractometer. 6.In the teat of variation pH of substrate, good results come out at pH 4.6-5.0 of substrate. The optimum temperature was 45-50℃.