석탄(石灘) 이신의(李愼儀)의 『대학(大學)』 독해(讀解)와 그 특징(特徵)

신창호 ( Chang Ho Shin ) 한국철학사연구회 2012 한국 철학논집 Vol.0 No.35

본고는 석탄 이신의의 『대학차록(大學箚錄)』을 통해, 『대학』을 바라보는 그의 독창적 안목을 고찰하는 작업이다. 이신의(李愼儀, 1551-1627)는 조선 중기의 학자이자 정치가로, 본관은 전의(全義)이고 자는 경칙(景則)이며 호는 석탄(石灘), 시호는 문정(文貞)이다. 그의 『대학차록』은 『대학장구』를 읽고 체득한 내용을 수시로 적은 기록으로 석탄이 정치지도자로서 기초를 다지는 학문의 초기 과정에서 저술되었다. 석탄은 『대학장구』의 체제인 장(章)과 구(句)의 의미를 명확하게 구분하여 분석적 학문방법론의 새 지평을 열었다. 『대학장구』「서」에서는 대학의 핵심이 경(敬)에 있음을 강조하였고, 『대학』이 심(心)과 성(性)을 함께 다루고 있다는 사실도 밝혔다. 『대학(장구)대전』의 경문(經文) 독해에서는 삼강령(三綱領)의 핵심을 명(明)과 신(新)과 지(止)에 달려 있다고 보고, 대학의 ``도(道)``, ``명(明)``과 ``덕(德)``의 맥락을 구체적으로 해석하였다. 또한 명명덕(明明德)과 신민(新民)을 비롯한 『대학』의 여러 개념과 의미를 지(知)와 행(行), 체(體)와 용(用)의 관계로 읽어내며, 성리학을 한층 발전시켰다. 『대학장구』전문(傳文) 독해의 경우, 전 10장 전체에 걸쳐 50여구 하나하나를 분석적으로 검토하였다. 주자의 격물(格物) 이론이 담겨 있는 전5장의 경우, 세 부분으로 나누어 해독하면서, 이치의 궁구와 개별 사물에 대한 격물치지(格物致知), 모든 사물에 대한 물격지지(物格知至)로 나누어 ``이치-공부-효험’의 순서로 정돈하였다. 마지막으로 정치사상의 핵심을 보여준 전10장에서는 혈구(혈矩)의 길을 집중적으로 강조하며, 그것이 목민관의 제일 덕목임을 일러주고 있다. This research is to investigate his creative perspective to Deahak through Seoktan Lee Shin-Ui`s Daehakcharok. Lee Shin-Ui is a scholar and politician in the middle of Joseon Dynasty. His ancestral home is Jeonui. The honor name is Gyeongchik and pen name is Seoktan. The posthumous name is MunJeong. His Daehakcharok was written in the process of taking basic foundation as the politic leader. It was a record that he usually wrote down things realized after reading Deahakjanggu. Seoktan clearly classified the meaning of Jang (chapter) and Gu (phrase) as the structure of Deahakjanggu, and created new realm about the method of classified study. In the preface of Deahakjanggu, he emphasized that the core of Deahak is in Gyeong (敬, respect or honor), and clarified that Deahak deals with Sim (心, mind) and Seong (性, human nature). In the interpretation of Daehakdeajeon, he thought that the core of Samgangnyeong (三 綱領, three doctrines or essential principles) depended on Myeong (明, realizing), Shin (新, taking re-newness), and Ji (止, achieving) as the meaning of ``realizing, taking re-newness, and achieving``, and interpreted the context of Tao (道, the way), Myeong (明, realizing), and Deuk (德, virtue) in detail. In addition, he interpreted various concepts and meaning of Deahak with Myeongmyeongdeuk (明明德, realizing human nature) and Sinmin (新民, renewing people) as relationship with Ji(知, realization), Haeng(行, practice), Che(體, main structure), and Yong (用, dealing with), and developed Neo-Confucianism deeply. In case of the main interpretation of Deahakjanggu, he analytically reviewed 50 phrases one by one throughout 10 total chapters. In case of chapter five which includes Zhuzi`s the theory of Gyeokmul (格物, approaching things or persons), he interpreted it in three parts and classified Gyeokmulchiji(格物致知, approaching things or persons and then realizing their nature) about researching deeply of principle and each thing, and Mulgyeokjiji(物格知至, approaching things or persons and then realizing them) about all things. He arranged in order of ``principleresearching-result`` as well. In final, chapter ten showing the core of politic thought emphasized the way of Hyeolgu(혈矩, considering others` situation through his/her own experience) intensively and informed that it is the best virtue for a governor.

뇌심근염 바이러스 접종 마우스에 대한 병리학적 및 면역조직화학적 소견

신창호 ( Chang Ho Shin ),조성환 ( Sung Whan Cho ) 한국가축위생학회 1994 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.17 No.1

8-10 week old ICR mice were infected intracerebrally and intraperitoneally with different encephalomyocarditis virus (K3, K11, ATT-VR 129) to observe histopathological and immunohistochemical change. Results obtained throuh the experiments were summarized as follows: 1. No differences in clinical signs by the virus strains and the inoculation routes were found. Mice infected with EMCV showed clinical signs after 3 days of inoculation. Main clinical signs were tremors, convulsions, circling movement, and uni or bilateral hindleg paralysis followed by death on the 3-8 days. In general, most of the infected animals died or recovered closely on the 8th day of postinoculation. 2. At necropsy, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages in lung were observed and no specific findings in other were observed. 3. In histopathological observation, neuroal cell degeneration, perivascular mononucear oell infiltration, gliosis were appeared in central nervous system. Myocarditis with myocardial degeneration and necrosis, calcification were observed along with acinar cell necrosis of exocrine glands in pancreas, severe glomerulonephritis in kidney. Also, focal necrosis of hepatocytes and interstitial pneymonia, hyperemia, hemorrhages in lungs were observed. 4. By immunohistochemical staining using ABCIT method, the positive cells were recognized in intracytoplasm of acinar cell in pancreas and intracytoplasm of neuronal cells in cerebrum.

울금(鬱金)에서 분리된 demethoxycurcumin이 백서의 혈관재협착에 미치는 효과

길인호,정명수,신창호,배현옥,정헌택,이기남,Kil, In-Ho,Chong, Myong-Soo,Shin, Chang-Ho,Pae, Hyun-Ock,Chung, Hun-Taeg,Lee, Ki-Nam 대한예방한의학회 2008 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

The pathobiologic process of arterial stenosis following balloon angioplasty continues to be an enigmatic problem in clinical settings. This study investigates the ability of demethoxycurcumin, a curcuminoid isolated from Radix Curcumae, to attenuate balloon injury-induced neointima(NI) formation in the rat carotid artery. It was found that demethoxycurcumin induced inducible heme oxygenase(HO-1) expression and inhibited dose-dependently cellular proliferation in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Perivascular application of demethoxycurcumin immediately following injury significantly reduced NI area and NI thickness 2 weeks post-injury. Interestingly, treatment with tin-protoporphyrin IX, a HO inhibitor, reversed the effects of demethoxycurcumin on NI formation. These results implicate demethoxycurcumin as a potent new therapeutic agent that is capable of reducing post-angioplasty arterial stenosis through induction of the HO-1 expression.

사상 : 농암 김창협의 학문 수용과 지각론

김영훈 ( Young Hoon Kim ),전선숙 ( Sun Suk Jeon ),신창호 ( Chang Ho Shin ) 영산대학교 동양문화연구원 2012 동양문화연구 Vol.11 No.-

본 연구는 조선시대 유학자인 농암(農巖) 김창협(金昌協, 1651-1708)의 학문 수용 과정을 지각론을 중심으로 살펴본 것이다. 김창협은 율곡학파 계열의 학자이지만 퇴계 이황의 학설에 호감을 갖고 이를 긍정하여 자신의 학파와 절충하는 독특한 사상을 전개하였다. 율곡 이이의 사단칠정론에 대해 반대한 것은 아니지만 비판적 입장을 취하면서, 리발(理發)을 중심으로 하는 퇴계 이황의 이론을 수용하였다. 그것은 호락논쟁으로 이어지면서 김창협의 학문적 성숙을 유도하였고, 마침내 지각설이라는 이론 체계로 드러났다. 그의 지각론은 첫째, 성(性)은 성즉리(性卽理)의 입장에서 파악해야 하고 지(智) 또는 리(理)를 중심으로 해석해야 한다는 것, 둘째, 지(智)는 분별의 리(理)로 해석하는 것이 옳고, ‘밝게 비춘다’라는 구절의 해석에서 기미와 색상은 자연스럽게 드러난다는 점, 셋째, 지(智)는 사물의 시비득실(是非得失)의 차별을 구별하고 판단하는 기준이 된다는 점 등이 강조되었다. 다시 말하면, 인간은 사물을 접하게 마련이고, 심(心)의 지각은 이를 감각 기관을 통하여 받으며, 지각을 통해 받아들인 것은 인의예지신(仁義禮智信)의 성(性)에 의해 정해지고, 인간은 자신의 행동을 결정하며, 지는 인간의 내부에서 구체적인 정(情)의 작용인 측은지심, 수오지심, 사양지심, 시비지심의 모습으로 나타난다는 것이다. 이러한 인식은 인간을 주체이고 능동적 역할을 하는 존재로 부각시키는 사상적 근거가 된다. This research aimed to review the process regarding acceptance of studies about Nongam Kim Chang-Hyeop who was a confucian of Joseon Dynasty with the theory of intelligence and perception as the central figure. Being the scholar of Yulgok school, Kim Chang-Hyeop was interested in Toegye Lee Hwang`s theory, agreed with it, made a compromise with his school, and developed his unique thought. Although he did not object to Yulgok Lee Yi`s Sa Dan Chil Jeong Non(四端七情論, it is a theory regarding Sa Dan which are perfect virtue, righteousness, courtesy, and perception according to the theory of Mencius. and Chil Jeong which are pleasure, anger, sadness, joy, love, hate, and avariciousness), he took a critical attitude regarding it and accepted Lee Hwang`s theory with Li Bal(理發, appearing principle law) as the central figure. It was followed by Ho Rak Non Jaeng(湖洛論爭, it is an argument regarding whether human nature and thing`s nature are same or not), led the maturity of Kim Chang-Hyeop`s study, and finally appeared with the theoretical system of intelligence and perception. His theory of intelligence and perception emphasized that first, nature is perceived by "nature is principle law" and interpreted by intelligence or principle law. Second, it is right that intelligence is interpreted by principle law of discernment and smell, taste, and color naturally appear with interpretation of "shine brightly on." Third, intelligence is the criterion of discernment and judgement regarding differentiation of Si Bi Deuk Sil(是非得失, right, wrong, obtaining, and losing) about things. In other words, a person always faces any things, intelligence and perception of mind is arranged through sense organ, things accepted through intelligence and perception are determined by the nature of In Ui Ye Ji Sin(仁義禮智信, perfect virtue, righteousness, courtesy, intelligence, and trust), people determine their action, intelligence appears with the working of feeling which are Cheuk Eun Ji Sim, So O Ji Sim, Sa Yang Ji Sim, and Si Bi Si Sim. This perception becomes a foundation of thought which emphasizes human beings as a active role and a subject.

Diagnosis of Spinal Arachnoid Cyst using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Dog

신창호,김영기,황태성,윤영민,정동인,연성찬,이희천,Shin, Chang-ho,Kim, Young-ki,Hwang, Tae-sung,Yoon, Young-min,Jung, Dong-in,Yeon, Seong-chan,Lee, Hee-chun The Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics 2015 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

6살의 중성화한 수컷 말티즈는 운동실조로 인하여 내원하였다. 본 증례는 일반방사선 촬영, 컴퓨터단층촬영, 자기공명영상을 실시하여 낭종의 위치, 크기, 척수와의 관련성 및 동반된 질환을 알 수 있었다. 자기공명영상 결과 T1W과 FLAIR 영상에서는 hypointense한 영역, T2W 영상에서는 hyperintense한 영역이 L1~2 척수의 등쪽으로 나타났다. 이는 CSF와 동일한 신호로 나타났으며, 등쪽에서 척수를 압박하여 배쪽으로 이동시켰다. 낭종의 길이는 25 mm, 두께는 4 mm로 나타났다. 무증상일 경우는 치료가 필요 없으나, 본 증례는 신경학적 이상이 나타나 수술적 치료를 실시하였다. A 6-year-old, intact male maltese was presented with hindlimb ataxia of 4 day duration. Physical and neurological examinations revealed a bright, alert, and responsive dog, with no evidence of cranial nerve deficits, conscious proprioceptive deficits. Spinal reflexes of the hind and forelimbs were normal. Patellar, cranial tibial, and withdrawal reflexes were normal. Pain could not be elicited on manipulation of the neck or palpation of the spinal column. Survey radiographs of the vertebral column were unremarkable. Computed tomography (CT) scans in the transverse plane were performed. The results of CT imaging were unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in both sagittal and transverse planes was performed. The extent of the lesion was 25 mm in length by 4 mm in thickness. The spinal cord was deviated ventrally and appreared thinner. On T1-weighted and FLAIR images, a discrete hypointense lesion dorsal to the spinal cord was observed at L1-2 which was contiguous with the subarachnoid space. On T2-weighted images, this region was hyperintense, consistent with a fluid-filled structure. The signal intensity of the cysts was equivalent to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Surgical treatment involving dorsal laminectomy had successful outcomes.

Si_1-xGe_x 층의 건식산화 동안 Ge 재 분포와 상호 확산의 영향

신창호,이영훈,송성해,Shin, Chang-Ho,Lee, Young-Hun,Song, Sung-Hae 한국전기전자재료학회 2005 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.18 No.12

We have studied the Ge redistribution after dry oxidation and the oxide growth rate of $Si_{1-x}Ge_x$ epitaxial layer. Oxidation were performed at 700, 800, 900, and $1,000\;^{\circ}C$. After the oxidation, the results of RBS (Rutherford Back Scattering) & AES(Auger Electron Spectroscopy) showed that Ge was completely rejected out of the oxide and pile up at $Si_{1-x}Ge_x$ interface. It is shown that the presence of Ge at the $Si_{1-x}Ge_x$ interface changes the dry oxidation rate. The dry oxidation rate was equal to that of pure Si regardless of Ge mole fraction at 700 and 800$^{\circ}C$, while it was decreased at both 900 and $1,000^{\circ}C$ as the Ge mole fraction was increased. The dry of idation rates were reduced for heavy Ge concentration, and large oxiidation time. In the parabolic growth region of $Si_{1-x}Ge_x$ oxidation, the parabolic rate constant are decreased due to the presence of Ge-rich layer. After the longer oxidation at the $1,000^{\circ}C$, AES showed that Ge peak distribution at the $Si_{1-x}Ge_x$ interface reduced by interdiffusion of silicon and germanium.

회원작품-현대증권 연수원

신창호,김호일,Shin, Chang-Ho,Kim, Ho-Il 대한건축사협회 2007 建築士 Vol.2007 No.9

Corporate Resource And Institutionalization Characteristics, Knowledge Management Activities, And R&D Teams’ Perfonnance

최만기(Choe, Man Kee),신창호(Shin, Chang Ho) 한국인적자원관리학회 2010 인적자원관리연구 Vol.17 No.1

지식경영에 관한 많은 연구는 자원기반관점을 바탕으로 하고 있다. 그러나 지식경영이 성공하려면 그것이 조직의 제도로 정착되어야 한다. 그런 점에서 제도화이론 관점에서도 지식경영을 연구할 필요가 있다. 또한 기업에서 지식을 창출하고 공유하는 주된 주체들 중 하나는 연구개발집단이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 자원기반관점에서는 물론 제도화이론 관점을 바탕으로 연구개발집단의 지식경영과 성과를 다룬 연구는 찾기 힘들다. 따라서 본 연구는 자원기반관점과 제도화이론을 바탕으로 기업의 자원 및 제도적 특성이 연구개발팀의 지식경영활동에 어떠한 영향을 미치며,나아가 지식경영활동이 연구개발팀의 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 관한 Choe와 Shin(2003)의 모형을 보다 정교화하고 이를 바탕으로 연구가설들을 설정하였다. 모형의 적합성과 가설의 검정을 위해 본 연구는 설문조사를 통해 89개 한국 기업의 281개 연구개발팀으로부터 자료를 수집하여 LISREL 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 구조분석과 경로분석을 행하였다. 그 결과,모형적합도는 만족할만한 수준이었고 가설들은 모두 채택되었다. 그리하여 기업의 자원적 특성과 제도적 특성들이 연구개발팀의 지식 창출이나 공유활동에 긍정적으로 영향을 미쳤으며,그러한 지식경영활동은 다시 연구개발팀의 대내외적인 성과에 영향을 미쳤다. 변수들간 상대적인 영향력을 파악하기 위한 경로 분석 결과,특히 자원특성들 중 업무의 다기능성,정보기술 및 지식경영전략이 지식창출에 강한 영향을 미친 반면 정보기술은 지식공유에 크게 영향을 미치는 경향을 보였다. 한편,제도특성들 중에는 지식경영 시스템 활용이 지식창출에 크게 기여한 반면 지식경영시스템 활용과 함께 지식경영보상제도의 구축이 지식공유에 강한 영향을 미치는 경향을 보였다. 나아가,이러한 지식 창출과 공유활동은 연구개발팀의 대 내적인 지식경영성과에는 물론 대외적인 성과에도 크게 기여하는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 연구결과들에 대한 시사점들을 논하고 향후 연구를 위한 과제들을 제시한다. Many previous studies of knowledge management have been based on the resource-based theory of the firm. Institutionalization, however, is necessary in order for knowledge management to be successful. In that sense, knowledge management needs to be studied from the viewpoint of institutionalization theory. In addition, R&D teams are major groups to create and share knowledge in corporations. There exists, nevertheless, very little research on the knowledge management and performance of R&D teams based on the institutionalization theory as well as the resource-based theory. Thus, based on Choe and Shin's (2003) model, this study generated hypotheses about the effects of the resource and institutionalization characteristics on knowledge creation and sharing and the effects of these knowledge management activities on inside and outside team performance. To analyze the fitness of the model and to test the hypotheses, this study collected data from 281 R&D teams of 89 Korean companies through a questionnaire survey and conducted the covariance structure analysis and the path analysis utilizing the LISREL statistical program. As results, the model was fitted and all the hypotheses were accepted. In detail, resource and institutionalization characteristics significantly and positively affected knowledge creation and sharing activities which, in turn, had positive and significant impacts on both inside and outside team performance. Specifically, among the resource characteristics, task multifunction, information technology, and knowledge management strategy tend to strongly affect knowledge creation, while information technology tends to affect knowledge sharing. Among the institutionalization characteristics, the utilization of knowledge management system tends to contribute to knowledge creation significantly, whereas the establishment of knowledge management reward system with the utilization of knowledge management system tends to strongly affect knowledge sharing. Furthermore, such knowledge management activities as knowledge creation and sharing tend to increase the performance of outside as well as inside R&D teams.

서울시 기술창업의 선순환 생태계 구축방안

신창호(Chang-Ho Shin),김묵한(Mook-Han Kim) 서울연구원 2012 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

공자의 인격성숙에 관한 고찰 -에릭슨의 발달단계와 긍정심리학의 시선

신창호 ( Chang Ho Shin ),심경섭 ( Kyung Sub Shim ) 韓瑞大學校 附設 東洋古典硏究所 2009 동방학 Vol.17 No.-