신이식환자에서 Thiopurine Methyltransferase의 활성이 Azathioprine 치료에 미치는 영향

조주연,배균섭,유경상,이소영,장인진,신상구,김상준,하종원,안규리 大韓臨床藥理學會 2000 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.8 No.1

Piezoelectric Materials: All‐Solution‐Processed Flexible Thin Film Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (Adv. Mater. 45/2012)

Chung, Sung Yun,Kim, Sunyoung,Lee, Ju‐,Hyuck,Kim, Kyongjun,Kim, Sang‐,Woo,Kang, Chong‐,Yun,Yoon, Seok‐,Jin,Kim, Youn Sang WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.24 No.45

<P>An all‐solution‐processed flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, composed of polycrystalline ZnO thin film and functional polymer layers such as P3HT/PCBM and PEDOT:PSS, generates energy through a mechanical rolling and muscle stretching system. On page 6022, Youn Sang Kim, Sang‐Woo Kim, and co‐workers show that this all‐solution‐processed nanogenerator is feasible as a piezoelectric patchable device and is promising for use in future energy harvesters such as wearable human patches and mobile electronics. </P>

글로벌 금융시장 간의 변동성 추정

지상윤(Jee, Sang-Youn),김경수(Kim, Kyung-Soo) 한국국제회계학회 2020 국제회계연구 Vol.0 No.90

본 논문은 일반화 분산분해방법을 사용하고 신속하게 이용가능한 다변량 Markov 국면전환모형(MS)을 벡터자기회귀모형(VAR)과 결합하여 글로벌 금융시장 간의 변동성 전이지수를 분석하고자 하였다. 결과로 첫째, 단일 국면모형의 변동성 전이지수에 따르면, 유럽 금융시장은 타시장으로부터 영향을 받는 것보다는 더 영향을 미치는 시장이었고 한국과 일본은 타시장에 영향을 미치지 못하고 타시장으로부터 영향을 받는 시장으로 나타났다. 둘째, MS-VAR 모형에서 금융위기 동안 한국시장은 최대의 변동성을 보여주었고 한국은 선진국과의 통합이 강화되어 타국가 간의 평균 및 분산이 현저히 급등하였고 한국, 미국 및 유럽 간의 강력한 선도-지연 상호작용이 존재하였다. 셋째, MS-VAR 모형하의 변동성 전이지수에 따르면, 혼란기(2-국면)에서 한국, 프랑스 및 일본은 타시장의 변동성 충격에 의해 더 크게 영향을 받는 정도가 단일 국면모형의 결과와 거의 동일하였으나, 미국의 경우, 변동성 충격을 통해 파급된 총전이지수는 가장 높아 타시장의 금융 어려움에 현저하게 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 평활화 국면확률에서 금융위기 동안 글로벌 금융시장간의 국제적 통합과 이와 연계된 구조적 변화를 보여주었다. 따라서 MS-VAR 모형을 통해 한국을 포함한 8개의 금융시장의 변동성 전이지수와 이를 바탕으로 혼란기 동안의 강력한 전이효과와 안정기 동안의 완화된 전이효과를 파악할 수 있는 글로벌 금융시장 간의 변동성 전달 메커니즘을 이해할 수 있었다. This paper aims to incorporate the multivariate Markov regime switching model (MS) with the vector autoregressive model (VAR), and analyzing the volatility spillovers index between global financial markets. As a result, first, according to the spillovers index of the single regime model, European financial markets were more affected than other markets, and Korea and Japan had no influence on other markets but were affected by other markets. Second, in the MS-VAR model, the Korean market showed the highest volatility during the financial crisis, Korea strengthened its integration with developed countries, significantly increased the mean and variances among other countries, and strong lead-lag interactions between Korea, the United States, and Europe. Third, in the spillovers index under the MS-VAR model, Korea, France, and Japan were more affected by volatility shocks in other markets, which was almost the same as that of the single regime model in the turbulent period (2-regime). Specifically, in the United States, the total spillovers index through the volatility shocks had the greatest impact on the financial difficulties of other markets. Fourth, the probability of smoothing regime showed the integration and structural changes linked to global financial markets during the financial crisis. Therefore, the MS-VAR model has helped us understand the volatility spillovers index and the mechanisms of volatility spillovers to detect the strong spillovers effect among global financial markets including Korea during the chaotic period.

건강한 성인에서 발병한 칸디다와 연관된 위궤양 1례

박지훈,이상혁,김희,이재호,박성재,지삼룡,양성연,박은택,이연재,설상영,정정명,강미선 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Fungus such as Candida albicans is a normal flora that is frequently found in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, vaginal mucosa in a normal person. However, candida can cause opportunistic infection in an immune compromised host. Candidiasis has broad spectrum of disease from mucocutaneous infection to invasive or disseminated infection. But, it is rarely reported that candida is associaed with gastrointestinal tract disease in a healthy adult. The case of gastric ulcer associated with candida particularly in a health adult is reported with relevant literature.

식민시대 지식인, 유상규(劉相奎)의 삶의 궤적

최규진(CHOI Q-Jin),황상익(HWANG Sang-Ik),김수연(KIM Soo-Youn) 大韓醫史學會 2009 醫史學 Vol.18 No.2

Many of the Korean intellectuals resisted against suppression of Japanese Imperialism with the people during the Japanese occupation period. Ryu Sang-Kyu was also one of those intellectuals. Ryu Sang-Kyu was born in Gang-gye of North Pyongan-do on 10th November, 1897. He entered Keijo Medical College as one of the first entering students in 1916. However, at the end of his third year, he participated in the 3·1 Independence Movement of Korea and was suspended from the college which was run by the Japanese on account of his participation. Then moving to Shanghai, he joined Heung Sa Dan(興士團), an active patriotic group fighting for independence of Korea. He initiated the provisional government of Korea as a network investigator and he played second string to Ahn Chang-Ho(安昌浩), one of major Korean independence activists for four years. In 1923, following Ahn Chang-Ho’s advice, he returned to Keijo Medical College to complete the course. Even in colonial Korea, he continued independence movement and was involved in Dong Woo Hoe(同友會), the branch of Heung Sa Dan in Korea. After the graduation of Keijo Medical College in 1927, he had served at the department of surgery in Keijo Medical College. In 1930, he participated in founding of the Korean Medical Association(朝鮮醫師協會). He also raised public awareness by writing to many articles on hygiene and public health issues in public journals and newspapers. In short, he did his best as an intellectual, a medical doctor, an activist of independence movement until he died from streptococcal infection on 7th July, 1936.

바터 팽대부에 생긴 유암종 1예

강명주,지삼룡,박석주,이재익,조영완,김준영,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영,배상균 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Carcinoid tumors have been reported in a wide range of organs but most commonly involve the lungs, bronchi and gastrointestinal tract. Within the gastrointestinal tract, appendix is the most common location for carcinoid, followed by the distal small intestine, the rectum, and the stomach. Among these, primary involvement of the ampulla of Vater is extremely rare. We report a case of carcinoid tumor of ampulla of Vater. A 62-year-old man presented with epigastric soreness. Gastroduodenal endoscopy showed hyperemic bulging mass on ampulla of Vater and diagnosed as carcinoid tumor by histologic finding, with immunohistochemical study. In ^(111)In-octreoscan, tumor had regional lymph node metastasis, but no evidence of distant metastasis. Pancreatoduodenectomy with lymph node dissection was performed.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

교사의 스포츠 참가와 의사소통 및 학교 조직 유효성의 관계

윤상문 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This research has an intention of studying the relation among Teachers' Sports Participation, Communication Satisfaction and School Organizational Effectiveness. The conclusion obtained from this research through these methods and processes of inquiry is : The first, Communication Satisfaction is partially changed by the form of Teachers' Sports Participation. Sports participations inside school and in-and-outside school raise the degree of organizational unity higher than sports participation outside school. Sports participation in-and-outside school raises the personal feedback higher than sports participation inside school and outside school. Sports participation in-and-outside school raises the quality of communication higher than sports participation inside school and outside school. The second, School Organizational Effectiveness is partially changed by the form of Teachers' Sports Participation. Sports participation in-and-outside school raises the degree of immersion in the organization higher than sports participation inside school and outside school. Sports participation in-and-outside school raises the organization adaptability higher than sports participation inside school. The third, Teacher's Communication Satisfaction partially influences on School Organizational Effectiveness. The higher the quality of communication and horizontal·unofficial communication, the higher the degree of immersion in the organization, organization adaptability, satisfaction on duties and entire School Organizational Effectiveness.

Cybex System에 의한 무산소성 파워 측정방법

윤성원,유재충 慶熙大學校 體育科學大學 1990 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare and verify validation of anaerobic power measurement by Wingate test and Cybex test. Subjects were selected from Hand ball players of Kyung-Hee University whose careers were over 5 years The study utilized isokinetic contraction test and wingate test by Cybex-Ⅱ system and Computerized bicycle-ergometer. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. Correlation coefficients of 0.86 and 0.84 were found between wingate test and Cybex test in the maximcua and minimum of anaerobic power. 2. Maximal blood lactate concentration of Wingate test and Cybex test were 8.64 ±0.53 mmoles/ℓand 8.44 ±0.68 mmoles/ℓrespectively, not revealing a statistical significant difference(p>.05) in 3 minute's recovery. 3. Change of blood lactate concentration before and after Wingate test and Cybex test showed same phases of in rest, all-out and recovery(3,5 and 10 minutes).

TFC을 이용한 하부 요추골에서 후방 추체간 융합술

윤승환,조준,문창택,장상근 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2000 건국의과학학술지 Vol.10 No.-

To determine which factors influence the successful results in the patients who underwent lumbar arthrodesis with TFC(threaded fusion cage) at L34 to L5S1 intervertebral space. 20 subjects were analysed in retrospective method. Between January 1997 and April 1998, interbody fusion with TFC was undergone on 20 patients, and among them, 19 patients(95% ) were confirmed to have bone fusion at 12 months after operation. All patients were classified into group A(satisfactory results) and group B(unsatisfactory results) according to comprehensive low back questionnaires from their answer. They were checked with reference to intervertebral disc height and scoliotic, and lordotic angle with Cobb's method in the anterioposterior and lateral lumbar spine films before/after operation, and TFC diameter and length were categorized. In group A, 11 cases(55%) of "excellent" results and 5 cases(25%) of "good" results were included. In group B, 2 cases(10%) of "fair" results and 2 cases (10%) of "poor" results were included. In the lateral projection of group A and B. the mean preoperative disc height were 9.88±2.69mm and 10.45±2.39mm. Twelve months after operation, the mean disc height of group A was significantly increased to 14.11±2.14mm, but that in group B was not significantly increased only to 11.50±2.52mm. Preoperatively, the measured scoliotic and lordotic angles between L1 and S1 by Cobb's method were similar in both groups, being 4.18±3.58 and 26.75±6.64 degree in the group A, 3.50±2.65 and 33.25± 13.10 degreee in the group B. Twelve months after operation, the angles for group A were significantly improved to 0 and 48.13±11.83 degree, but in group B, not changed into 4.50±4.79 and 33.75±10.31 degree. The mean diameter and length of TFC in group A were, in each, 15.62± 1.09mm and 24.44±2.39mm but, 12.50±1.00mm and 21.00±0.00mm in those of group B. For successful results after TFC interbody fusion in the lower lumbar spine, recovery of narrow disc space, scoliosis, lordosis accompanied by solid arthrodesis were necessary. The authors propose that relatively larger-sized TFC should be profitable for those cases.