논문 : 개방형 BIM 적용 한옥 부재의 특징형상기반 형상모델링 자동구축시스템 개발에 대한 연구

권수환 ( Soo Hwan Kwun ),박승화 ( Seung Hwa Park ),전한종 ( Han Jong Jun ) 디자인융복합학회 2013 디자인융복합연구 Vol.12 No.2

한국 고유의 전통적 목조 건축양식에 의해 지어진 한옥은 가옥형태의 다양화 및 친환경 주택에 대한 선호도 증가에 따라 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이에 맞추어 한옥 대중화의 일환으로 다양한 연구가 진행 중에 있다. 이러한 연구들 중 하나의 성과로 한옥의 3차원 정보교환을 위한 개방형 BIM연구에서 IFC-XML을 이용한 한옥부재 라이브러리와 개방형 BIM 기반 브라우징 모듈이 개발되었다. 중립 포맷인 IFC에는 형상정보와 XML링크정보를 담고, XML에는 파라메트릭 정보를 담아 이종 BIM 도구들간의 정보교환이 가능하게 되어 한옥설계를 지원할 수 있는 환경을 제공하였다. 하지만 XML을 통해 한옥부재를 제작하려면 이에 관한 전문 지식을 가진 전문가가 코딩을 해야 하며, 하드 코딩방식으로 코딩되기 때문에 한옥 개별부재 하나를 코딩하는데도 수많은 시간이 소요된다. 이를 개선하기 위해 본 연구는 코딩에 대해 지식이 없는 비전문가를 대상으로 하는 IFC-XML 자동구축시스템 개발을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구를 통해 비전문가도 자동구축시스템을 이용하여 각종 한옥 부재를 XML로 구축할 수 있다. 따라서 전문가의 도움 없이 개방형 BIM기반 3차원 한옥 부재 라이브러리의 지속적인 구축을 기대할 수 있을 것이다. Han-ok, which is built according to the traditional Korean wooden architecture, is receiving increasing attention because of increasing preference for diverse house types and environmentally-friendly houses. Accordingly, various studies are in progress as part of popularizing Han-oks. As one of the accomplishments of these studies, in open BIM study for 3D information exchange of Han-ok, a Han-ok member library using IFC-XML and an open BIM-based browsing module have been developed. It provides environment that enables data exchange between different BIM tools by containing geometry data and XML link data in IFC, which is a neural format, and parametric data in XML, to supports Han-ok design. However, to produce Han-ok members with XML, a specialist with expertise must perform coding, and it takes a long time for coding one member of Han-ok because of the hard coding method. To improve this issue, this study aims to develop an IFC-XML Automatic Description System for non-experts who do not have knowledge in coding. This study will enable non-experts to create various Han-ok members by in XML by using the Automatic Description System. Therefore, we can expect to continue building 3D Han-ok member library based on open BIM.

Enalapril 에 의한 기침 발생율

노승익(Seung Ik Roh),김명선(Myeong Seon Kim),김은실(Eun Sil Kim),서두선(Du Seon Seo),정내인(Nae In Jeong),이명숙(Myeong Suk Lee),한승수(Seung Soo Han),김광희(Kwang Hoi Kim),김윤권(Yoon Kweon Kim) 대한내과학회 1994 대한내과학회지 Vol.47 No.1

N/A Background: Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that has been widely used in treating hypertension, congestive heart failure, DM and various renal diseases. Cough has been recognized as a side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Therefore we studied the incidence and the chracteritics of Enalapril induced cough in Korea. Method: The sixty eight patients with Enalapril who visited out-patients department of internal medicine, Han-Il General Hospital during the period from april 1992 to october 1992 were included in this study. In all patients careful history taking and review of chart was done. Patients with respiratory disease were excluded. The criteria of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor induced cough was that cough developed after administration of Enalapril and improved after discontinuing drug and readministration of drug induce resume of symptom. Resnlts: Subjects include 34 males, 34 females and their average age was 53.3 years, Diseases of theirs were hypertension (57 cases}, congestive heart failure (5 eases), various renal disease (28 cases) and 9 patients of them were smokers. Average drug dosage was 11.7 mg a day and average administration duration was 182 days. Of the 68 patients, 23 patients (33.8%) had chronic cough due to enalapril, which had 12 male and 11 female patients. The cough disappearing time after withdrawal of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors was average 7.8 days. In 16 patients (two thirds of them), cough disappeared within 4 days after drug withdrawal. 9 patients had to stop taking drug because of severe cough. Generally the characters of cough induced by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were dry, persistent, tickling and tended to develope especially at night, Conclusion: Cough is not uncommon side effect in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor users. There fore clinician should consider angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor induced cough initially when cough developed after angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor administration.

개방형 BIM기반 한옥 라이브러리 자동구축시스템을 위한 파라메트릭 규칙에 관한 연구

권수환(Kwun, Soo-Hwan),박승화(Park, Seung-Hwa),전한종(Jun, Han-Jong) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.33 No.1

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

동일한 시료에 대한 국내 기관간의 STR 분석결과 비교 : STR 유전자좌 분석법의 표준화 설정을 위하여

박종태,신경진,양윤석,우광만,이숭덕,이승환,이정빈,정연보,조승희,한길로,한면수,홍승범 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

This paper described a collaborative exercise intended to see what kinds of short tandem repeat (STR) loci are used in different DNA typing laboratories in Korea and to compare their results for the demonstration whether uniformity of DNA profiling results from different laboratory could be achieved in Korea Laboratories were asked to test five tissue DNAs using methods routinely used in each laboratory and to report the results to the coordinating laboratory. The exercise demonstrated that each laboratory was using different STR loci for the typing with different STR numbers,2 VNTRS,36 STRs and amelogenin in total, and the direct comparison of the results from all the laboratory for the 18 loci could not be done as only one laboratory submitted typing results. Among 21 loci for which several laboratories submitted typing results, results for 14 loci were the same and results for the other 7 loci were different depending on the participating laboratory. D1S80, F13A01, D16S539, D21S11, D18S51, D3S1744 were the loci with different typing results. Even in the cases where commercial kits were used, the results were not the same depending on the machines used, that is the capillary electrophoresis or the gel based electrophoresis. The reason for the different results, points about the standardization of the methods arid the profiling data were described.

EC의 對後進國政策

韓昇洙 서울대학교 사회과학연구소 1981 社會科學과政策硏究 Vol.3 No.2

간호사의 정신과 자문에 대한 기대도

韓辰熙,房勝規,金光壽,柳太烈 최신의학사 1991 最新醫學 Vol.34 No.1

시민참여와 정부신뢰

정수현,강한솔,황은진,이정주,노승용 서울여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2012 사회과학논총 Vol.19 No.-

이 연구는 시민참여와 정부신뢰와의 관계를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여, 이 연구에서는 시민참여를 전통적인 오프라인 시민참여와 디지털 방식인 온라인 시민참여로 그 유형을 분류하고, 오프라인 시민참여와 온라인 시민참여의 경험이 정부신뢰와 어떤 관계가 있는지를 분석하였다. 2차 자료를 활용하여 빈도분석, 교차분석, t-test, 분산분석, 회귀분석 등을 실시한 결과 먼저, 우리나라 시민참여 경험자는 약 22% 정도이며, 오프라인 시민참여 경험자는 약 12%, 온라인 시민참여 경험자는 약 15%, 그리고 온라인과 오프라인 시민참여를 모두 경험한 시민은 약 5% 정도인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 시민참여와 정부신뢰와는 관계를 분석한 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 오히려, t-test 및 분산분석 결과 오프라인 및 온라인 시민참여 경험자에 비하여 무경험자의 정부신뢰 수준이 상대적으로 약간 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 시민참여의 경험 유무 만으로 정부신뢰를 설명하는데는 한계가 있음을 보여 주는 결과일 뿐만 아니라 시민참여를 제도적으로 보장하는 것에서 나아가서 시민참여가 실질적 효과를 높일 수 있도록 시민참여과정에서 정부와 시민의 보다 적극적인 노력이 필요함을 보여주는 결과라 하겠다. Trust in government adds legitimacy to political system, provides social stability, and helps government to work effectively. In addition it increases cooperation between governments and citizens, and improves effectiveness of government affairs. However, citizens' trust in government has been quite low sine 1990s. In Korea, citizens' trust in government dropped after financial crisis in late 1990s. Various literatures indicated that citizen participation is one of the best ways to increase citizens' trust in governments. Especially as information technology increases, it is expected that citizens acquire information about different policy areas, and actively participate in surveys, discussion, and policy evaluation through internet. This research attempts to prove the relationship between citizen participation and trust in government by comparing online and offline citizen participation. The research utilized 2nd dataset from 'the influence of information on citizens' participation in policy-making.' With various statistical techniques such as frequency analysis, cross tabulation, ANOVA, and regression analysis, the characteristics of offline and online policy participants are examined. The results showed that citizens, who participate in policy-making processes more actively both online and offline, trust in government less. Comparing online and offline participation, online participants distrusted government more than offline participants. Such variables as policy competitiveness, democracy in government, quality of government, and transparency in government have direct influences on trust in government. However, citizen participation is not statistically significant. Key Words:Citizen Participation, Traditional Citizen Pariticipation, Digital Citizen Participation, Trust in Government.

하악골 후방이동시 중안면부 연조직의 변화양상에 대한 임상통계학적 연구

한대희,김수남,민승기,김태성,성헌모 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.3

Prediction of the soft tissue changes following hard tissue movement is very important from the esthetic view point for patients who have orthognathic surgery. There are many cephalometric analysis of facial bone and soft tissue on the lower lip and chin region but few soft tissue analysis on the midface after mandibular setback surgery. This study was performed to obtain whether the mandibular posterior movement has influence on the midface and the predictable ratio of post-operative measurement values of the soft tissue changes following mandibular setback surgery. Fifteen patients (8 males and 7 females) who had undergone mandibular setback surgery were selected and analyzed the soft tissue movement on the upper lip and the cheek region. Post-operative changes of the soft tissue measurements after mandibular surgery were examined on pre- and post-operative cephalo-metrics and the ratio of changes were analyzed after drawing the reference line on the face with the barium sulfate solution. The reference lines were perpendicular to the intercanthal line from infraorbital foramen and lateral canthus. The results obtained were as follows : 1.There were tendancy of anterior movement of soft tissue adjacent the nose after mandibular surgery 2.There were incerased tendancy of the amount of anterior movement from the nasal crease to the cheek region. 3.The amount of anterior movement of the soft tissue was larger below the palatal plane compared with above the palatal plane in the cheek region. 4.The upper lip length was increased and moved posterior direction after mandibular setback surgery 5.The lower lip was moved posterior direction by posterior movement of the mandibular structure 6.Soft tissue of the midface around the nose moved anterior direction after mandibular setback surgery but there was no correlation between the amount of mandibular setback and the amount of the soft tissue changes

Vacuum-Impulse System을 이용한 백삼엑스의 추출

한완수,정승일 목원대학교 자연과학연구소 2000 自然科學 硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

백삼으로부터 사포닌의 분해없이 추출하는 방법을 연구하기 위하여 진공역적방법과 다중단방법으로 추출하였다. 진공역적 방법으로 추출한 조사포닌의 함량이 5.4∼5.9%이었으며 다중단방식은 8.2∼8.3% 이였다. 사포닌의 분해를 확인하기 위해 HPLC패턴을 보면 진센노사이드 Rgl과 Re의 경우 진공역적방식에서는 사포닌 분해가 거의 없었으나 다중단추출방식은 분해가 심하였다. 맛과 향에서도 종래의 방법보다 우수하였다. This study was carried out to establish the extraction method of white ginseng extract without saponon decomposition. White ginseng was extracted with vacuum-impulse system and multi-stage extraction method. Crude saponin content of white ginseng extract from vacuum-impulse system was 5.4∼5.9%, while that of white ginseng extract from vacuum-impulse extraction method was 8.2∼8.3%. However, HPLC patters indicated that saponins of white ginseng extraction from vacuum-impulse system were hardly decomposed, while those of fresh ginseng extraction from multi-stage extraction method were decomposed, especially in ginsenoside-Rgl and-Re saponin, also, the yields of ginseng by vacuum-impulse.