정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

적외선 센서를 이용한 청소로봇의 벽면추적 기법

정광식,노용준,임영철,유영재 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

친환경농업 농가 컨설팅에 대한 반응 조사

오환중,차광홍,정우진,김길용,박노동 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2011 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.46 No.-

The interactions between Environment-Friendly Agriculture Research Center (EFARC) and farmers in Jeonnam Province area who have practiced environment-friendly agriculture (EFA) under guidances of EFARC were investigated through enquete. The enquete was conducted during July - September, 2010. One hundred and eighty nine farmers responded all inquiries among 200 farmers. The main results are summarized as follows: 1. Rice was the predominant crop grown by farmers (49%), and the next major was hot pepper (12%). Most farmers (95.3%) have practiced environment-friendly agriculture at the levels of no-pesticide (55.6%), lower pesticide (32.8%), and organic (6.9%). 2. Major motivations of practicing EFA are for the production of safe foodstuffs (52.6%) and for an increase of income (40.1%). 3. Around 3 quarters of the environment-friendly agriculture products are shipped through Nonghyup, the cooperative marketing. The price margin between ordinary agriculture products and EFA products was of 5~10% for 63.5% farmers, of 10~20% for 14.3% ones, and of 20~30% for 14.8% ones. 4. Bottlenecks for practicing EFA are in the order of the unstability of shipping price (34.9%), cultivation techniques (20.1%), excess labor input (19.6%), and control of disease and insect pest (18%). 5. It turned out that more than 90% farmers who have practiced EFA under guidance of EFARC recognized the consulting activities of EFARC as to be helpful for them. 6. Establishment of national organizations which are specialized in consultation for EFApracticing farmers has been suggested.

수용성 절삭유제 내에서 Saccharomyces cerevisiae와 Escherichia coli의 성장에 관한 연구

정광진,최희영,김장규,원성호,김남기 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.2

The water-soluble cutting oil was used in the type of the mixture of additive lubricant, surfactant, etc., as the organic nutrients, with water. Therefore it was easy to be affected by microbials ; they brought the bad odor by putridity, decreased the cutting property, and destroyed the emulsion phase. In the study using cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli, we studied the effect of concentration and dilution ratio on the growth of cells and the cell growth rate, the pH variance and the change of oil's concentration. The results obtained in this experiment were as follows : 1) The result of test dilution ratio (water:oil) vs. cell growth was that by using E. coli, the growth was better in this order in emulsion type (sample 1) 50:1 > 30:1 > 100:1, and in the soluble type (sample 2) the order was 100:1 > 50:1 > 30:1. The effect of the cutting oil's concentration on the Saccaromyces cerevisiae's was less in this order 100:1 < 50:1 < 30:1 ; the maximum growth was occurred at 100:1. 2) In sample 1 by using E, coli, pH range was changed from 9.5 to 8.0 and refractive index(the cutting oil's concentration) was changed from 1.3327 to 1.3318. And in the test using S. cerevisiae, pH range was varied from 9.5 to 6.2 and refractive index was changed from 1.3330 to 1.3310. In sample 2 by using E. coil, pH was changed to 8.9 and refractive index was changed from 1. 3315 to 1.3313 and in that of using S cerevisiae, pH was changed to 8.1 and refractive index was decreased from 1.3355 to 1.3340.

공공부문 정보시스템의 하드웨어 용량산정 방식 설정을 위한 실증적 연구

정해용,나종회,최광돈 한국정보사회진흥원 2005 정보화정책 Vol.12 No.3

2002년도부터 2006년도까지의 국가정보화촉진계획인『e-Korea Vision 2006』에 의하면 과거 수년 동안 정보시스템에 대한 투자액은 급격하게 증가하고 있으며, 정보시스템에 대한 투자액의 50%이상은 하드웨어 구축에 소요되는 비용인 것으로 분석되고 있다. 따라서 정보시스템 구축∙운영에 소요되는 하드웨어 규모를 적정하게 산정하는 작업은 효과적인 정보화 투자를 위한 필수불가결한 작업으로 인식되고 있으며, 이를 통하여 자원낭비를 최소화하고 기회비용을 절감할 수 있다는 점에서 그 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구에서는 공공부문에서의 정보시스템 구축∙운영에 필요한 하드웨어 용량을 객관적으로 산정할 수 있도록 용량산정식 및 용량산정식에 포함될 항목들을 실증적으로 제시하였다. 즉, 업무중심의 정보시스템 프로젝트 단위별로 CPU 및 메모리와 하드디스크의 용량을 산출하는데 고려해야 할 항목들과 이러한 항목들을 통하여 적정 용량을 산정할 수 있는 용량 산정식을 도출하였다. 이론적 문헌검토와 SI업체 및 하드웨어 공급업체의 사이징 전문가들의 경험적 노하우 등을 통하여 기존에 활용되고 있는 용량산정식에 근거하여 기준이론을 설정하고 이를 현장의 실무전문가들을 대상으로 설문조사 및 전문가 집단토의 방식을 통하여 타당도를 검증하였다. 본 연구의 주요 의의로는 공공기관의 현장실무 전문가 및 공급업체의 용량산정 전문가들을 대상으로 실행적 측면에서 CPU(Web/WAS용 및 OLTP용), 메모리, 디스크에 대한 용량산정식 및 각 용량산정식에 포함되어야 할 항목들이 실증적으로 도출되고 전문가 집단토의를 통하여 확인함으로써 객관성을 확보한 용량산정식을 제시하였다는 점이다.

여성들의 자기효능감과 건강증진행위에 관한 연구

정숙희,하안례,심선녀,이용환,김광혁 고신대학교보건과학연구소 2003 보건과학연구소보 Vol.13 No.-

The results were as follows : The higher the degree of self-efficacy feeling, one of the recognition factor was the more did they do health-promoting activities (γ=0.48, p=0.00). The conducting degree of health-promotion activities resulted in 3.79 points in the perfect score of 6point, which was a quiet high result. The subordinate areas under the health-promoting activity were adjustment of personal relationshiP (4.42), nutrition (3.93), stress control (3.87), self-realization (3.64), alcoholic drink/smoking (3.38), and responsibility for health. As for the differences of self-efficacy feeling according to subjects general characters, significant differences were found in the areas of age, occupation, whether or not they have taken healthrelated lectures, family and geriatric diseases of family members or relatives. The above study results tell that the self-efficacy feeling has a great effect on their putting the health-promoting activities into practice, in daily life.

낙동강 소유역 경지에서의 비점오염원 물질 발생 및 배출 특성

정용준,남광현,민경석 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.4

This study was carried out to investigate the generation and discharge characteristics of non-point pollutants from farmlands in Nak-dong river basin. Annual unit generation load of nitrogen and phosphorus by fertilization in the test paddy field was almost similar to those calculated by the fertilization standards of district agricultural technology center, but it was extremely higher in case of the test dry field. By comparing annual total generation load of nutrients from fertilization to the data of fertilizer marketing, the accurate forecasting of generation load of pollutants was achieved by marketing data. The annual total discharge ratio of nutrients through infiltration and overflow from the farmland of the test paddy field were 9.5% and 1.1%, respectively, and those in the test dry field were 22.0% and 0.1%, respectively. The monthly discharge load of nutrients were shown the highest proportioned to the discharge load from lands, but it showed higher in phosphorus, which was caused by the intermittent discharge of phosphorus accumulated in drainage.

ZnS:Cu,Cl형광체의 제조와 발광특성

박조용,한상도,김병권,정영호,S. P. Khatkar,Liang, Yu Jun 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

반응표면분석에 의한 단감식초 제조조건의 모니터링

정용진,서권일,이기동,윤광섭,강미정,김광수 동아시아식생활학회 1998 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.8 No.1

To utilize deteriorated sweet persimmon effectively, response surface methodology(RSM) was used to determine the optimal vinegar fermentation conditions and monitored by a divided two stage fermentation. The optimum conditions for maximum alcohol content were obtained when the first stage (alcohol fermentation) was carried out with an initial sugar concentration of 18.5°Brix, agitation rate of 140.8 rpm, fermentation time of 127.6 hr. When sugar concentration was 14°Brix, maximum alcohol content(7.1%) was predicted at fermentation conditions of 160 rpm in agitation rate, 140 hr in fermentation time. The optimum conditions for maximum acidity were obtained when second stage(vinegar fermentation) was carried out 249.5 rpm in agitation rate, 148.8 hr in fermentation time. Predicted values at the optimum conditions were similar to experimental values.

꽃게 껍질을 이용한 키토산의 제조 및 Escherichia coli의 생육 억제효과

하정욱,이광현,황용일 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1996 硏究論文集 Vol.14 No.1

고분자당류인 키토산은 가식성 포장제, 항암제, 생물응집제, 항균물질등으로 폭넓은 이용성을 갖는다. 다량으로 폐기되고 있는 갑각류의 껍질을 효율적으로 이용하기 위하여 꽃게 껍질에서 키틴을 분리정제한 후 탈아세틸화하여 키토산을 제조하였다. 제조된 키토산은 탈아세틸과정 중 NaOH의 농도와 처리시간에 비례하여 탈아세틸화도가 증가하며, 저분자화되는 경향을 보였다. 대장균, Escherichia coli O157:NM을 공시균으로 하여 생육억제효과를 시험한 결과 고분자량의 키토산보다 저분자량의 키토산이 억제효과가 높았다. 이는 제조된 키토산의 항균효과가 탈아세틸화도와 분자량과 상관관계가 있음을 시사하였다. Chitosan was well known as an available material preparing for edible film, antiturmor agent, biocoagulant, and antimicrobiotics etc. For the effective use of Crustacean shell, chitin was prepared from the shell of Blue crab, and chitosan was made through the deacetylation of above chitin. Chitosan prepared from Blue crab, and showed higher degree of deacetylation and lower molecular weight according to the higher concentration and longer treatment time of NaOH in the deacetylation process. The antimicrobial effect of chitosan prepared on Escherichia coli revealed that the chitosan of lower molecular weight had of antimicrobial effect than of that higher molecular weight. The antimicrobial effect of chitosan depends on the degree of deacetylation and its molecular weight.