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김병권,백운이,박진웅,김시오,홍정길 대한마취과학회 1988 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.21 No.1
Spinal anesthesia employing 0.5% plain bupivacaine was administered to 40 patients scheduled for lower limb or perineum surgery at kyungpook National University Hospital. Two different volumes(3 and 4 ml) and 2 different injection sites (lumbar interspaces L2/3 and L3/4) were used and their effects were compared. The patients were divided into four groups of 10; group A received 3 ml of bupivacaine at L3/4, group B 3ml at L2/3, group C 4 ml at L3/4 and group D 4 ml at L2/3. The results were as follows. No significant differenct were found between the 4 groups of patients in relation to age, height, weight and length of surgery. The time for maximal sensory spread was 18.0±7.15 and 18.5±7.84 minutes in groups B, and C(p<0.05) and 20.0±7.84 minutes in group D(p<0.01) which showed a significant increase compared with 11.0±5.6 minutes in group A. Singificant differences(p<0.05) in maximal sensory spread levels were observed between groups A, B(T_9) and group C, D(T_7) No significant differences were found among the four groups in relation to the time of maximal motor blockade. Complete motor block was observed in all groups 20 minutes after spinal injection. Changes in blood pressure and pulse rate showed a significant(p<0.05) decrease in 10∼15 minutes, and a very significant(p<0.01) decrease 20∼30 minutes after spinal injection. Four patients experienced hypotension or bradycardia and two patients developed nausea or vomiting, but none of the patients developed a postspinal headache or micturition difficulty.
고성능 쉴드 세그먼트용 고로슬래그 미분말을 혼입한 콘크리트의 역학적 특성 및 증기양생 효과 분석
김병권,이진섭,이규필,장수호,배규진,Kim, Byoung-Kwon,Lee, Jin-Seop,Lee, Gyu-Phil,Chang, Soo-Ho,Bae, Gyu-Jin 한국터널지하공간학회 2011 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.13 No.3
본 연구에서는 쉴드터널에 사용되는 세그먼트의 성능향상과 경제성향상을 위하여 고로슬래그 미분말을 혼합한 고강도 콘크리트에 대한 기초 연구를 실시하였다. 특히, 설계강도가 60 MPa 세그먼트용 콘크리트에 대해서 고로슬래그 미분말의 최적 치환율과 최적의 증기양생 조건을 도출하고자 하였다. 이상의 결과로부터, 고로슬래그 치환율 50%와 단위수량 125 kg/$m^3$ 일 경우가 성능과 경제적인 측면에서 가장 적합한 배합조건으로 나타났다. 또한 표준양생 조건과 비교할 때 증가양생에 의하여 약 110~442%의 강도증진 효과를 기대할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. This study aims to evaluate the applicability of high-strength concrete mixed with blast furnace slag to shield segment lining in order to improve its performance and economic efficiency. Especially, it was also intended to derive the optimum replacing ratio of ground granulated blast furnace slag to ordinary cement as well as the optimum steam curing condition for shield segment concrete with the design strength of 60 MPa. From a series of experiments, the condition of 50% replacement of ordinary cement by ground granulated blast furnace slag and unit water content of 125 kg/$m^3$ was proposed as the optimum mixing condition. Comparing with standard curing conditions, it was also possible to expect approximately 110~442% strength improvement of concrete by steam curing in the same mixing condition.