전남지방에 있어서 시비수준이 벼 품종별 백엽고병 감수성과 수량 및 미질에 미치는 영향

차광홍,김영신,김홍신,이돈길,김만수 한국응용곤충학회 1982 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.21 No.4

시험은 흰빛잎마름병의 품종별 감수성과 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명코자 시비량을 보비재배와 다비재배로 구분하여 전남지역에서 수행 되었다. 흰빛잎마름병은 발생은 다비조건에서 심했으며 심한 발병은 수도 품종들의 등숙에 영향을 주어 수량 감수를 초래하였고 청미율은 품질을 저하 시켰다. 또한 조생계품종에서는 지엽과 차엽이 발병되었지만 중, 만생계품종에서는 지, 차, 삼엽이 발병되었다. 이러한 차이는 보비조건에서 보다 다비조건에서 더욱 뚜렷하였다. 이 병에 대한 저항성품종은 태백벼, 백운찰벼, 팔공벼, 밀양 42호이었고 밀양 30호, 금강벼, 낙동벼, 진주벼는 감수성이었으며 이러한 경향은 시비 수준간에 같은 경향이었다. This experiment was conducted in Jeonnam to investigate the effects of fertilizer amounts at two application levels on disease severity of bacterial leaf blight, yield and qualify of rice grains using nineteen rice cultivars. Incidence of bacterial leaf blight was more severe in the field with higher amount of fertilizer application. Disease severity was also different depending upon maturity of rice cultivars of early maturing group, however, the flag, second and third leaves were diseased in rice cultivars of medium late maturing group. Such differences were more obvious in the field with higher amount of fertilizer application than in the field with ordinary fertilizer application. Rice cultivars such as Taebaegbyeo, Hangangchalbyeo, Baegunchalbyeo, Palgwangbyeo and Milyang 42 were resistant whereas rice cultivars such as Milyang 30, Geumgangbyeo, Nagdongbyeo and Jinjubyeo were susceptible to bacterial leaf blight in both treatments. However, fertilization rate and percentage of ripeness were decreased resulting in heavy loss of yield. The rate of green-kerneled rice was increased resulting in poor qualify.

벼 유기재배와 관행재배의 생육 및 수량과 품질 비교

차광홍,오환중,박노동,박흥규,안규남,정우진 한국유기농업학회 2010 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

To investigate a comparison of rice yield and quality between organic and conventional cultivation, study for occurrence of rice diseases carried out in rice (Oryza sativa L.) field of Noahn and Bannam region. The results obtained as following: 1) Bactericide and insecticide were applied twice and four times at Noahn and Bannam region in conventional cultivation (C.C) of rice field, respectively, it was applied twice at two region in organic cultivation (O.C). Rice strip virus, leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight, bacterial leaf blight, rice water weevil, rice leaf folder, and plant hoppers were occurred mainly in rice field. Leaf blast, neck blast, and rice leaf folder were occurred highly at O.C compared with C.C. 2) Growth level of rice in clum and panicle length was lower at O.C than C.C. Number of panicles per hill was by 0.6 higher at O.C than C.C. Number of panicles per hill was by 0.6 higher at O.C than C.C in Noahn region. Number of spikelets per panicle, grain filling ratio, brown/rough rice ratio, and weight of 1,000 grains was lower at O.C than C.C. Number of panicles per hill was by 0.8 lower at O.C than C.C in Bannam region. Number of spikelets per panicle and grain filling ratio was higher at O.C than C.C while brown/rough rice ratio was lower at O.C. Total yield percentage of rice in O.C was level of 84% at Noahn region and 94% at Bannam region compared with C.C. 3) Head rice percentage was lower at in O.C than C.C at two region. Protein and palatability (Toyo value) were lower at O.C than C.C in Bannam region causing occurrence of neck blast and rice leaf folder by oversupply of nitrogen fertilizer. Protein, whiteness, and palatability (Toyo value) were adequate level at O.C in Noahn region by lower nitrogen fertilizer.

이앙시기에 따른 벼 품종별 줄무늬잎마름병 발생 및 수량 비교

차광홍,오환중,박흥규,정우진,Cha, Kwang-Hong,Oh, Hwan-Jung,Park, Heung-Gyu,Jung, Woo-Jin 한국유기농업학회 2010 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate an occurrence rate of rice stripe virus disease under different rice transplanting time and different rice cultivars. After final harvest, the yield of rice infected by rice stripe virus was obtained on Wangchal cultivar compared to uninfected rice. The results obtained as following: 1) Yield of rice infected by rice stripe virus was decreased by 64% with reduction of culm length, pancile length, number of spike, number of spikelet, and grain filling compared to uninfected rice, 2) An occurrence rate of rice stripe virus disease under different rice planting season was high as order of May 30 > June 15 > July 1. In additional, to reduce a rice stripe virus disease on higher disease occurrence region and susceptible cultivars, rice planting season will be accepted on and after June 15, and 3) Eighteen cultivars were resistance cultivars such as Hwayeongbyeo, Onnuri, Ilmibyeo, Nampyongbyeo, Dongjin2ho, Hopumbyeo, Hwangkeumnuri, Malgeumi, Saenuri, Pungmi1ho, Haechanmulgyeo, Hwangkeumnodeul, Chilbobyeo, Dongjinbyeo, Younganbyeo, Junambyeo, Samkwangbyeo, and Nakdongbyeo. Twenty-one cultivars were susceptible cultivars such as Odaebyeo, Unkwangbyeo, Shinungbong1ho, Manabyeo, Hopyongbyeo, Borami, Damibyeo, Hwangchalbyeo, Sulgengbyeo, Nongrim6ho, Sasanishigi, Yunishigari, Chungmubyeo, Dongjin1ho, Huknambyeo, Guromy, Shanghehanghulna, Heukchalbyeo, Heukhwangbyeo, and Aranghwangchalbyeo. 벼 이앙시기별 및 벼 품종별 줄무늬 잎마름병 발생 및 벼 수량에 대한 시험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 벼 줄무늬 잎마름병 발생이 심한 경우 간장, 수장, 이삭수, 수당입수, 등숙율 등이 매우 낮아서 정상주에 비교하여 64%의 감수를 보였다. 2. 벼 이앙시기별 발병률은 5월 30일 > 6월 15일 > 7월 1일 순으로 나타났고, 발병률이 높은 상습 발병지나 감수성 품종의 경우는 이앙시기를 6월 15일 이후로 정하는 것이 줄무늬 잎마름병에 대한 병 발생률을 줄이는 방법으로 나타났다. 3. 벼 줄무늬 잎마름병 저항성 품종으로는 화영벼, 온누리, 일미벼, 남평벼, 동진2호, 호품벼, 황금누리, 말그미, 새누리, 풍미1호, 해찬물결, 황금노들, 칠보벼, 동진벼, 영안벼, 주남벼, 삼광벼, 낙동벼 등 총 18개 품종이었으며, 감수성 품종으로는 오대벼, 운광벼, 신운봉1호, 만나벼, 호평벼, 보라미, 다미벼, 왕찰벼, 설갱벼, 백진주벼, 농림6호, 사사니시끼, 유니시까리, 청무벼, 동진1호, 흑남벼, 구로마이, 상해항혈나, 흑찰벼, 흑향벼, 아랑향찰벼 등 총 21개 품종으로 조사되었다.

하우스작물 병해발생이 늘고있다 - 무리한 작형, 연작 피하고 온$\cdot$습도 관리등 종합대책 강구돼야

차광홍 한국작물보호협회 1990 자연과 농업 Vol.11 No.2

최근 소득작물로 재배면적이 늘고있는 시설하우스의 채소재배는 시설의 대형화와 고정화로 인한 연작장해와 주년재배에 의한 포장환경의 오염, 시설내의 고온다습, 무리한 약제살포 등으로 노지재배에서는 별로 문제가 되지않던 병들이 하우스내의 온도보존을 위한 2중, 3중의 밀폐로인한 높은 습도 때문에 거의 모든 작물에서 잿빛곰팡이병, 균핵병등이 발생되고 있다. 또한 연작으로 인한 토양전염성 병균의 밀도가 높아져서 역병, 풋마름병, 덩굴마름병등이 발생될 뿐아니라 지력증진을 위한 미숙 유기물이나 생육촉진을 위한 제4종 복합비료, 생장조절제등의 남용으로 전에는 없었던 새로운 장해가 증가되고 있어 이에 대한 방제대책의 일환으로 주산단지를 이루고 있는 농가의 병해충 발생및 토양환경등을 중심으로 문제점을 분석하고 대책을 소개하기로 한다.

유기재배매뉴얼을 활용한 유기쌀 생산

차광홍,오환중,서동준,송용수,안준섭,안규남,정우진,Cha, Kwang-Hong,Oh, Hwan-Jung,Seo, Dong-Jun,Song, Yong-Su,Ahn, Joon-Seob,An, Kyu-Nam,Jung, Woo-Jin 한국유기농업학회 2014 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

1. 토양조건은 배수가 양호한 양토인 안룡통 보통답으로 칼륨을 제외하고는 우리나라 논토양의 평균 함량보다 낮은 토양이었다. 유기질비료로 처리구는 질소 표준시비량인 9kg/10a과 비슷한 N-P-K=8.45-4.89-9.24kg/10a를 시용한 반면 관행구는 표준시비량보다 많은 N-P-K=14.5-6.3-10.8kg/10a를 시용하였다. 2. 벼 수확 후 시험구 토양내 미생물상 분포를 조사한 결과 박테리아와 방선균의 수는 처리구에서 약간 높게 나타났고, 곰팡이의 수는 관행구에서 약간 높게 나타났다. 토양내 가수분해효소 생성미생물을 조사한 결과 호평벼 처리구에서 키틴분해미생물과 인산분해 미생물 분포가 다소 높게 나타났다. 3. 병해충 발생정도는 전체적으로 처리구에서는 미미하게 발생하였다. 그러나 관행구에서 특히 호평벼에서 도복과 이삭도열병이, 잎집무늬마름병은 두 품종 공히 심하게 발생하였다. 혹명나방은 온누리에서 발생율이 높았는데 이는 질소 과다 시용으로 판단되었다. 4. 호평벼와 온누리 공히 관행구가 처리구에 비해 간장과 수장은 약간 길고, 주당수수는 많았다. 그러나 잎집무늬마름병 및 이삭도열병, 혹명나방 도복 등으로 등숙비율이 현저히 떨어졌다. 관행구는 천립중이 낮았으며 수량이 호평벼는 38%, 온누리는 13% 떨어졌다. 5. 병해충인 이삭도열병, 잎집무늬마름병, 혹명나방과 수량과의 관계에서 유의성이 높은 부의 상관관계가 나타났다. 6. 백미의 품질도 관행구에서 쇄립율의 증가로 완전미 비율은 낮고, 단백질함량이 높아 전반적인 품질 및 윤기치가 낮아졌다. An actual proof experiment was carried out to establish the production of high quality organic rice at farm household in Gwangjin, Junnam, Korea 2011. Experimental plot was designed with conventional organic cultivation and manual organic cultivation in both Hopeongbyeo and Onnuri varities. Experimental field was consisted with suitable drainage loam soil, anryong series, and normal paddy field. Chemical characteristics of the soil were investigated from initial soil and soil after harvest in experimental sites. Seed disinfection was treated with hot water dipping method at $60^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. Rice transplanting was carried out at 17 June with 25 days seedling using machine transplanting. Golden apple snail was used to prevent weed growth as middle size (1.5~1.7 kg/10a) at one week after rice transplanting. Amount of applied fertilizer in experimental plot was supplied with organic fertilizer for the shortage after harvest of hairy vetch (1,100 kg/10a). Bordeaux mixture was used to control of sheath blight and neck blast disease in all experimental plot at 19 Aug. Application of chitin culture solution was treated in manual organic cultivation at 2 and 15 Aug. At late growth stage, incidence rate of neck blast was the highest level at Hopyeongbyeo in conventional organic cultivation. Incidence rate of sheath blight in both Hopyeongbyeo and Onnuri was higher in conventional organic cultivation than in manual organic cultivation. Incidence of rice leaf folder was the highest level at Onnuri in conventional organic cultivation. Yield index in manual organic cultivation was increased by 13% and 38% at Onnuri and Hopyeongbyeo, respectively, compared with conventional organic cultivation. Head rice percentage in both Hopyeongbyeo and Onnuri was slightly increased in manual organic cultivation. These results indicate that high quality production of rice organic cultivation could be depending on management of safe fertilization with nutrient content in soil.

친환경 쌈채류(잎들깨․상추) 시설재배 농가의 실태조사

차광홍,오환중,이향범,박노동,정우진 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2012 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.47 No.-

To investigate the actual conditions of an agriculture for environmentally-friendly cultivation of Ssam vegetable (Leaf perilla and lettuce) in vinyl greenhouse, four farms of environmentally-friendly cultivation were selected in three region of Goksunggun, Naju city, and Damyanggun, Jeonnam. Rice water seeding was carried out in the early of June withthree years cycle at low pesticide cultivation of leaf perilla in Goksunggun. After plowing the field at the early of August, direct sowing starts in the middle and late of August as cropping season of winter. Harvesting season was from late September to early June of the next year. After harvest, the land was lay fallow for 3~4 months at non-pesticide cultivation of leaf perilla in Naju city. Plant disease and insect in leaf perilla field were observed mainly as rust, damping-off, downy mildew, stem canker, gray mold, sclerotial disease, aphid, slug, beet army worm, and nematode. Main targets of plant disease and insect control were observed as stem canker, gray mold, clerotial disease, aphid, and slug. Cropping system was consisted with two times cropping (Green vegetables - green vegetables) at organic cultivation of lettuce in Damyanggun. The land was lay fallow for 3~4 months after harvest. Cropping system was consisted with three times cropping (Green vegetables - fruit vegetables - green vegetables) at non-pesticide cultivation of lettuce in Damyanggun. The land was lay fallow for 2 months after harvest. Soil management was kept with green manure crop cultivation or fallow ground. Plant disease and insect in lettuce field were observed mainly as sclerotial disease, aphid, slug, and nematode. Sclerotial disease in lettuce was prevented as early exclusion of disease plants. Aphid in lettuce was prevented as an application of 2~3 times with organic agricultural materials. Nematode in soil was prevented as microorganism agents.

유기재배 벼 품종별 병해충 발생과 일반적인 생육, 품질 및 수량 비교

차광홍,오환중,박흥규,안규남,정우진 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2014 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.49 No.-

To investigate a comparison of plant growth, rice yield and quality, and occurrence of rice diseases for various rice varieties in organic cultivation, this study was carried out in rice (Oryza sativa L.) field of Bannam region, Naju. The results obtained as following: 1) Culm length was indicated in order of Dongjin 1ho>Hopyeong>Jinback>Hopum byeo. Yield of rice was indicated in order of Hopum>Hopyeong>Dongjin 1ho>Jinback byeo. 2) Rice neck blast and sheath blight were occurred mainly in Hopoombyeo. Rice strip virus was occurred only in Dongjin 1ho and Hopyeongbyeo. Sheath blight was occurred in Jinback byeo. 3) Dongjin 1ho showed protein content (5.9%), palatability value (82.3%), and Head rice (97.3%). These results indicate that Donjin 1ho was the best variety for organic cultivation in rice field.

벼 유기재배 시 녹비작물 처리에 의한 작물의 생육, 수량 및 품질 비교

차광홍,오환중,박흥규,안규남,박노동,정우진,Cha, Kwang-Hong,Oh, Hwan-Jung,Park, Heung-Gyu,An, Kyu-Nam,Park, Ro-Dong,Jung, Woo-Jin 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

벼 재배포장에서 녹비작물의 이용성을 조사하고자 보리와 헤어리베치를 적용하여 시험구를 배치하였다. 무농약 4년차 벼 재배포장에서 벼 수확 후 재배한 보리를 녹비작물로 이용한 처리구(보리녹비구), 보리와 헤어리베치를 혼파한 다음 녹비작물로 이용한 처리구(보리+헤어리베치 녹비구), 벼 수확 후 녹비작물을 재배하지 않은 방임구(나지방임구)와 보리를 재배한 후 수확한 처리구(관행구)에서 호품벼를 2009년 6월 15일 평당 60주를 기준으로 기계 이앙하여 얻어진 시험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 간장과 수장은 관행구가 조금 길었으며, 처리간에는 차이가 없었다. 백미 수량은 관행구를 100%로 볼 때 보리녹비구가 90.3%, 보리+헤어리베치 녹비구가 95.9%로 나타났다. 2. 벼 품질 평가에서 보리녹비구와 보리+헤어리베치 녹비구의 단백질 함량은 관행구 6.6%에 비해 5.7%로 낮았다. 아밀로스함량은 모든 처리구에서 18.8~19.1% 범위로 유사한 경향을 보였다. 백도는 관행구 37.7에 비해 보리녹비구 38.9와 보리+헤어리베치 녹비구 39.1로 약간 높게 나타났다. 3. 취반미 윤기치는 관행구 77.6에 비해 보리수확구가 82.0, 나지방임구가 83.8로 양호하게 나타났다. 4. 완전립율이 나지방임구는 95.5%인 반면에 관행구, 보리녹비구, 보리+헤어리베치 녹비구에서 93.8~94.2% 범위로 약간 낮게 나타났다. 쇄립율도 유사한 경향이었으며 분상질립율은 관행구가 1.7%로 가장 높았다. 5. 본 시험에서 발생된 병해는 잎도열병, 이삭도열병, 잎집무늬마름병이었다. 해충으로는 굴파리류, 혹명나방, 줄점팔랑나방, 끝동매미충이었다. 기상환경이 병해충발생에 불리한 조건으로 경과되어 병해충 발생이 전반적으로 적었으며 처리간에도 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. To investigate a comparison of rice yield and quality by a utilization of green crops using barley and hairyvetch, this study was carried out in rice (Oryza sativa L.) organic cultivation field. Convention barley harvest (CBH), Green barley crop (GBC), Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC), and Non-Green crop (NGC) were treated in rice cultivation field. The results obtained as following: 1) Culm length and pancile length in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation were longer than organic cultivation but were not significant difference in all treatments. Yields of milled rice in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were by 90.3% and 95.9%, respectively. 2) Protein contents in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were by 5.7% lower than 6.6% in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. Amylose contents in all treatment were similar as range 18.8% to 19.1%. Whiteness contents in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were slightly higher by 38.9% and 39.1%, respectively, than 37.7% in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. 3) Palatability values in Barley harvest (BH) and Non-Green crop (NGC) were slightly higher by 82.0 and 83.8, respectively, than 77.6 in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. 4) Head rice in Non-Green crop (NGC) was 95.5%, while that of Convention barley harvest (CBH), Green barley crop (GBC), and Green barley+Green Hairy-vetch crop (GB+HVC) were slightly low as range 93.8% to 94.2%. White core and belly rice in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation was the highest level by 1.7%. 5) Leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight, rice stem maggot, rice leaf roller, rice leaf-tier, and green rice leafhopper were occurred lightly in rice field.

출수기 기상환경이 세균성 벼알마름병 발생에 미치는 영향

차광홍,이용환,고숙주,박서기,박인진 한국식물병리학회 2001 식물병연구 Vol.7 No.3

세균성벼알마름병의 발생 예측 모델을 만들기 위하여 출수기의 기상 환경과 병 발생과의 관계를 자료분석(1992~2000)과 온실 및 포장시험을 통해 조사하였다. 세균성벼알마름병의 발생이 많은 해는 '94, '95, '98, 2000년이었고, 중만생종 출수기인 8월 상.중순에 고온이 지속되면서 연속강우가 많았다. 반면 병 발생이 적었던 '93년은 강우량과 강우일수는 많았으나 저온이었고, '97년에는 온도는 높았으나 강우가 적은 경향이었다. 출수기에 접종 후 습실처리 하였을 때(24시간 이상) $10^2$cfu/ml에서부터 발병하기 시작하여 접종농도가 높을수록 발병도가 높아져 $10^{8}$ cfu/ml에서는 86.1%의 발병도를 보였다. 습실처리를 하지 않은 경우에는 $10^{8}$ cfu/ml에서만 12.5% 발병하였다. 또한 발병도가 증가함에 따라 천립중과 등숙률이 현저히 감소하였다. The relationships between the weather conditions and the occurrence of rice bacterial grain rot caused by Burkholderia glumae during the rice heading period, were examined by analying the data accumulated from 1992 through 2000 and by conducting greenhouse and field experiment to develop a model far forecasting the disease. The disease severely occurred in 1994, 1995, 1998, and 2000, when it was high in temperature and rainfall during the heading period of middle-late rice varieties. While it occurred weakly in 1993 was high in rainfall and low temperature and it was reversely in 1997. When treated under wetting condition (above the 24-hour)after inoculation at heading period, the infection rate increased as the inculum concentration increased, it was 86.1% at 10$^{8}$ cfu/ml. When under drying condition, the disease of 12.5% occurred only at $^{8}$ cfu/ml. On the other hand, 1,000 grain weight and the percentage of ripened grains remarkably decreased as the infection rate increased.

전남대학교 수목원에 발생하는 주요 해충의 기주 및 생활환

차광홍,서동준,노미영,한연수,정우진 전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2020 농업생명과학연구동향 Vol.58 No.-

Investigation was made during 2018 to 2020. Among the pests occurring in arboretum, the life cycle of the fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea Drury), spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula), and Ricaniid plantthopper (Ricania shanthungensis) were further investigated for their life cycle in the field. 1. The fall webworm damaged 20 out of the 45 tree species investigated. Among them persimmon tree, naksanghong, yangpala tree, cherry tree, and mulberry tree were most severly damaged. 2. Field observation of the fall webworm made on a mulberry tree showed that first generation adults emerged in mid/late May and oviposited from late May to early June. Larvae occurs during early June and late July, damaging a diverse kind of tree leaves, forming webs. In second generation adult emergence and egg deposition occurs during mid-July and mid-August. Overwintering larvae were observed inside the bark after eating from early August to late October. 3. Spotted lanternfly damaged eight out of 45 tree investigated. Among them tree of heaven, chinaberry tree and oak were severely damaged. Field observation on chinaberry tree made from the end of May showed that 1st-3rd instar nymphs began to appear from mid-June, 4th-5th instar nymphs, which have characteristic red color were discovered, and adults began to appear in early July, with the trend of increase until the end of August. From September, adults moved to the upper layer and deposited eggs as mass uniformly. 4. Ricaniid plantthopper damaged 29 of the 45 tree species. Among them, cornflower, camellia, cherry, red thorn, and korea winter hazel were the most damaged species. When observed on camellia as a host the 2nd-3rd instar nymphs of the ricaniid plantthopper began to appear from the end of May, adults were found during mid- and late June, eggs were deposited from early and mid September. During early and mid-November, overwin- tering eggs were often observed.