정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Tabes Dorsalis의 핵자기공명영상 및 전기생리학적 소견

권기한,김성민,권석범,이병철,조광호,주정희 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.3

위암에서 근치적 절제술 후 전이 림프절 수가 예후에 미치는 영향

임호영,최진혁,김현수,남동기,김효철 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1998 아주의학 Vol.3 No.1

Gastric cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in Korea, and the most important prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer is the extent of TNM stage. Among TNM staging system, lymph node involvement (N) has been recognized as one of the significant prognostic indicators after curative resection. Recently, nodal stage of new AJCC TNM staging system has changed its emphasis on the location of metastatic lymph nodes to the number of metastatic lymph nodes. Thus, we attempted to analyze the survival difference based on the number of metastatic lymph nodes after curative resection of gastric cancer. Two hundred and forty two patients of curatively resected gastric cancer were retrospectively studied to identify the number of metastatic lymph nodes to influence prognosis. The following results were obtained. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the survival rate between the patients with 0-2 metastatic lymph nodes and those with ≥3 metastatic lymph nodes in adjuvant chemotherapy (FA) group (DFS; 36.7% vs. 23.4%, OS; 38.3% vs. 26.0%). In adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (FA+poly-AU) group, there was a significant difference in the overall survival between the patients with 0∼2 metastatic lymph nodes and those with ≥ 3 metastatic lymph nodes(70.1% vs. 47.4%). The present report demonstrates the prognostic importance of the number of metastatic lymph nodes in gastric cancer after curative resection and a necessity of further evaluation of current nodal stage.

Holzworth 방식에 따른 제주시의 대기 혼잡고 산정

이기호,허철구 濟州大學校 海洋硏究所 2002 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.26 No.-

Our previous study has indicated that the morning mixing heights are believed to be overestimated, so the application of an adjustment factor to account for the heat-island effects suggested by Holzworth to data obtained at Jeju region still contains uncertainties. Therefore, the efforts are made, more properly, to calculate the urban morning mixing heights of Jeju City. For this purpose, the mixing heights at Jeju City are estimated twice for each day of one-year records of upper air observation at Gosan and surface air observation at Jeju City, by using the Holzworth approach during one year from November 1997. On the basis of urban-rural differences of minimum surface temperatures, it can be shown that the adjustment factor of 1℃ insead of 5℃ suggested by Holzworth is more reliable to account for the heat-island effects on Jeju region.

임의의 횟수의 휴가를 갖는 M^x/G/1 및 Geo^x/G/1 대기행렬의 분석

채경철,김남기,이호우 한국경영과학회 2002 韓國經營科學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

By using the arrival time approach of Chase et al. [6], we derive various performance measures including the queue length distributions (in PGFs) and the waiting time distributions (in LST and PGF) for both M^x/G/1 and Geo^x/G/1 queueing systems, both under the assumption that the server, when it becomes idle, takes multiple vacations up to a random maximum number. This is an extension of both Choudhury[7] and Zhang and Tian[11]. A few mistakes in Zhang and Tian are correscied and meaningful interpretations are supplemented.

외상성 뇌실출혈의 임상적 분석

김호진,변진수,허철,홍순기,김헌주,한용표 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.2

Intraventricular hemorrhage after blunt head trauma, which reflects the severity of head injury, is uncommon. A retrospective study of 109 traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage(TIVH) patients who were admitted between January 1, 1988 and December 31, 1993 was conducted. The results are as follows : 1) Incidence of TIVH and its associated mortality were 2.45% and 28.4%, respectively. 2) TIVH-associated radiological abnormalities were traumatic intracerebral hematoma(62.7%), skull fracture(42.7%), and traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage(34.5%). 3) Amount of TIVH was related to traumatic intracerebral hematoma(p=0.0003) and traumatic subarachnod hemorrhage(p=0.0385). 4) The poorest prognostic indicator was associated abnormalities, especially corpus callosum or brainstem hemorrhage(p=0.0099). 5) TIVH-associated hydrocephalus was not related to the amount of TIVH(p=0.42), and poor prognosis(p=0.12). 6) Patients with TIVH showed better Glasgow coma scale and Glasgow outcome scale than TIVH-associated abnormalities.

정신과 입원환자의 서비스 만족척도의 개발

김철권,이지연,송영선,김규호,김경률,김제원,이동기,최병무 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.3

목적 본 연구의 목적은 국내 정신의료기관(정신병원, 종합병원 정신과)에서 간편하게 사용할 수 있는 신뢰도와 타당도가 검증된 입원환자의 서비스 만족척도를 개발하기 위한 것이다. 방법 여러 단계를 거쳐 국내 실정에 맞는 문항을 개발하였고,정신병원, 종합병원, 대학병원 정신과 병동에서 퇴원하는 348명의 환자들을 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 조사하였다. 요인분석 결과 5개의 요인이 추출되었으며 전체 변량의 63.04%를 설명하였다. 내적 일관성에 대한 신뢰도 계수 (Crohnbach's α)는 0.95로 상당히 높은 수준이었고, 수정된 개별문항-총점 상관계수는 0.50부터 0.72까지의 범위에 속하였다. 요인분석을 통해 추출된 서비스 만족척도의 각 하위척도 점수와 서비스 만족척도에 첨부된 각 영역에 대해 전반적인 만족도를 묻는 세 개의 문항 점수 간의 상관성 역시 유의하게 높았다. 결과 진단명에 따른 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수에서는 불안/신체형/강박장애 환자군과 기분장애 환자군이 각각 정신분열병 및 기타 정신병 환자군과 알코올중독 장애 환자군에 비하여 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였으며, 입원형태에 있어서는 자발적 입원군이 강제 입원군에 비하여 전체 만족점수가 유의하게 높았다. 그러나 성별, 월수입, 학력, 직업, 종교, 결혼상태 등의 변수에서는 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수에서 유의한 차이가 발견되지 않았으며, 마찬가지로 연령, 입원일수, 입원횟수, 첫 발병나이, 유병기간 등의 임상적 변수에서도 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수와 유의한 관계를 보이지 않았다. 서비스 만족척도의 전체점수에서 대학병원 환자군이 정신병원 환자군과 종합병원 환자군에 비하여 각각 유의하게 높았다. 결론 결론적으로 국내 정신의료기관에 입원한 환자들의 서비스 만족을 평가하기 위한 목적으로 개발된 본 척도는 높은 수준의 신뢰도와 타당도를 보였으며, 또 국내 정신의료 환경에 맞는 요인구조를 보였다. 따라서 정신의료 서비스에 대한 정신과 환자의 만족도에 대한 연구가 거의 없는 실정에서 본 척도의 개발은 향후 국내 정신의료의 질과 치료결과를 높이는 도구로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Objectives : To develop and test the validity and reliability of a brief self-completed questionnaire (Service Satisfaction Scale : SSS) for routinely assessing the quality of service in psychiatric ward inpatients. Methods : A 30-item multidimensional questionnaire was developed by several steps of face validity and content validity. The questionnaire was administered to inpatients (n=348) discharged from psychiatric hospitals, general hospitals, and University hospitals. Construct validity was supported by performing principal component analysis. Reliability was estimated by calculating internal consistency of Cronbach's alpha. Results : Factor analysis yielded five factors comprising staff attitude, treatment quality, ward environment, access/cost, and ward rule, which account for 63.04% of the common variance. The internal consistency of the scale was high (Cronbach's alpha=0.95). The concurrent validity was supported by the significant correlation of each of five factors with item that measured overall satisfaction of SSS. Patients with neurosis (anxiety disorder, somatoform disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder) and mood disorders were significantly satisfied than those with psychosis and alcoholic disorders. Patients who admitted voluntarily were more significantly satisfied than those who admitted involuntarily. Sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, monthly income, education level, employment status and religion were not significantly different at the total scores of SSS. Similarly, clinical characteristics such as age of onset, duration of illness, lengths of hospital stay and number of previous hospitalization did not associate significantly with the total scores of SSS. Patients discharged from university hospitals were significantly more satisfied than those of the general and psychiatric hospitals. Conclusion : SSS performed well in the validity and reliability, indicating that it can be a useful tool for measuring Satisfaction of psychiatric inpatients in Korea.

선삭가공에서 절삭조건에 따른 절삭력과 표면거칠기에 관한 연구

홍철기,이호용 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1995 산업기술논문집 Vol.6 No.-

STS410 스텐레스 강과 STC3 탄소공구강을 피복초경합금공구를 이용하여 절삭속도, 이송량, 절삭깊이 등의 절삭조건을 바꾸며 선삭가공하여 주분력, 배분력, 이송분력의 절삭력의 변화와 표면거칠기의 변화를 측정하였다. 날끝반경 0.8mm의 공구보다 0.4mm의 공구를 사용하였을 때 절삭력이 작게 나타났으며 표면거칠기는 0.8mm의 공구를 사용할 때가 양호하였다. 절삭력만을 고려할 때의 적절한 절삭조건은 절삭속도 223m/min, 절삭깊이 0.15mm, 이송량 0.06mm/rev이다. 또한 절삭속도 111.6m/min, 절삭깊이 0.55mm, 이송량 0.015mm/rev에서 양호한 표면거칠기가 얻어졌다. Turning experiments are conducted to investigate the relationship between cutting conditions and cutting forces and surface roughness. The cutting conditions consists of the cutting speed, depth, and feed. The STC3 carbon tool steel and STS410 stainless steel are used as working materials, and the KT250 coated sintered carbide tools with nose radius of 0.4mm and 0.8mm are used as the machining tools. It was observed from experiments that cutting with nose radius of 0.4R results in low cutting forces and that of 0.8R results in better surface roughness. Proper cutting conditions are obtained when we use the combinations of the cutting speed of 223m/min, depth of 0.15mm, and feed of 0.06mm/rev to minimize cutting force. Cutting speed of 111.6m/min, depth of 0.55mm, and feed of 0.105mm/rev are recommended for good surface roughness.

유아기의 신체활동과 발육ㆍ발달에 관한 연구

조성호,윤해철,권기욱 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This study was conducted for 216 infants (64 two-year-old males and 64 three-year-old males and 44 females) on the infant physical aptitude test, the infant educational program of the "H" sport center located in Kangdong-ku, Seoul. Both the physical fitness test and the exercise ability test were conducted for the two-year-old infants having 1-month exercise period and the three-year-old infants having a 18-month exercise period. As a consequence of inquiring into them by gender and y exercise period and of analyzing the relationship between physical fitness and exercise period, the following conclusion was obtained. 1. It could not be found that male infants' physical fitness varied significantly according to exercise period and that female infants' standing height and body weight varied significantly according to exercise period(p<.05). 2. It was shown that flexibility-sit and reach test of infants' exercise ability had a very significant difference according to exercise period for both male and female infants(p<.05). 3. It was found that foot and toe balance of infants' exercise ability showed a significant difference according to exercise period and that female infants showed a very significant difference(p<.05). 4. It was shown that in measuring power of infants' according to exercise period and it varied significantly for female infants(p<.05). 5. It was shown that in measuring muscular endurance, of infant's exercise ability, and sit-up infant's exercise ability had a very signigicant difference for both males and females according to exercise period(p<.05). And it was shown that V-form sit varied very significantly for both male and female infants(p<.05). 6. It was shown that as result of measuring agility of infant's exercise ability 25M-run varied very significantly for both male and female infants but that it varied more significantly for female infantstha for male infants(p<.05).

酢酸菌의 遊離, 固定化 菌體를 이용한 豆乳중의 n-hexanal의 脫臭

류병호,김동석,배기철 경성대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

These study was designed to deordorize the off flavor of n-hexanal in defatted soybean milk using the free cells or immobilized cells of acetic acid bacteria, such as Acetobacter aceti, IFO 3281, Acetobacter pasturianus, IFO 13751, and Acetobacter aceti, IFO 13752. When a small amount of acetic acid bacteria was added in defatted soybean milk and incubated at 30℃ for 30min. Deordorization of n-hexanal showed significantly decrease by three kinds of acetic acid bacteria. The optimal conditions of free and immobilized cells for deordorization of n-hexanal was at 50℃-60℃ and, pH 6, and there was no significance difference between free cells and immobilized cells for the deordorization of n-hexanal. Three kinds of acetic acid bacteria was not inhibited activites until 3% sodium chloride and 4.0% sucrose under the same sanie conditions. The immobilized cells system was indicated to maintain the deordorization of n-hexanal for 180 hr.