Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

재취업자의 고용의 질에 관한 연구 : 재취업 고용형태와 임금수준 예측요인에 대한 탐색

강철희,유정아 한국사회보장학회 2004 사회보장연구 Vol.20 No.1

본 연구는 한국노동패널(Korean Labor and Income Panel Scudy) 4차년도 자료를 이용하여 재취업 고용형태(정규직 대 비정규직)와 임금수준에 초점을 두고, 이를 중심으로 재취업자의 고용의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 관하여 분석하였다. 다중회귀분석과 이항로짓회귀분석을 활용하였을 때 다음과 같은 분석결과를 가졌다. 첫째, 전직에서 가지는 특성이 재취업자의 고용형태와 임금수준에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로는, 이전 직장에서 비정규직 형태로 근무한 경우 그리고 비자발적 사유로 이직한 경우에 비정규직 형태로 재취업할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이전 직장에서의 임금수준이 재취업에서의 임금 수준에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 미취업기간이 재취업 시 재취업자의 고용형태와 임금수준 모두에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로는 미취업기간이 길수록 비정규직으로의 취업 확률이 보다 높고 임금 수준은 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 인구사회적 요인들 중에서 성별과 학력이 재취업자의 재취업 고용형태와 임금수준 모두에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 인구사회적 요인들 중에서 성별과 학력이 재취업자의 재취업 고용형태와 임금수준 모두에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 노동시장 내 취약계층이 실업 수 재취업의 경로로 이행하는데 있어, 그들이 갖는 낮은 고용의 질이 지속될 확률이 아주 높음을 확인시켜주는 것으로서 이러한 문제에 대한 다각적인 차원에서의 개입 노력이 필요함을 인식시켜준다. Little is known about reemployed workers' job quality in Korean labor market. This paper attempts to examine the predictors influencing reemployed workers job quality(reemp1oyment pattern and wage level) by using the data set of 2001 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study. Logistic regression analysis is adopted to identify variables predicting reemployment pattern and multiple regression analysis is adopted to identify variables predicting wage level. For the reemployment pattern, this paper has the following results: sex(male), education (college), prior social security income(+), transfer income(-), prior employment pattern(tenured employment), reasons (voluntary resignation) for unemployment, and unemployment duration(+) are the predictors. On the other hand, for the reemployment wage level, this paper has the following results: sex(male), age(+), age square(-), education(high school and college), prior transfer income(-), prior employment wage, and unemployment duration(+) are the predictors. This paper provides discussions about the structural problems of fragmented labor market in Korea. This paper contributes to expanding and deepening knowledge body about the realities of Korean reemployed workers' job quality in the economic recovery period of Korea. Finally, this paper identifies research areas for further research and develop policy implications for the reemployed workers taking low quality jobs in the labor market.

상시진동을 이용한 단순보 계측에 관한 연구

강희철,김철영 명지대학교 대학원 1997 대학원논문집 Vol.1 No.-

This paper deals with the Ambient Vibration Test method to estimate dynamic characteristics of structures. The AVT is more effective than the FVT since it dose not need the control of traffic and the expensive exciting equipment for the large structures. The AVT has been used in other countries but there has been little number of applications in Korea. A simple beam modal test was performed in laboratory to find the difference in dynamic characteristics due to the change of support condition and the damage in member. The natural frequency showed a minor change in higher modes but there was a considerable change in mode shape even in lower modes. For this reason, when a dynamic testing is performed, the mode shape should be estimated as well as the natural frequency up to higher modes. Also, the possibility of applying AVT on the monitoring system was examined.

Quinlolone 유도체 국소도포에 의한 좌창치료의 임상적 연구

권철욱,노영석,김재홍,조소연,강형철,함정희 大韓臨床藥理學會 1994 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.2 No.2

漸進的·急進的 運動負荷가 血液의 pH, Sugar 및 Lactate에 미치는 影響

姜炯基,辛元太,白永守,殷熙寬,宋基成,河哲秀 漢陽大學校 體育科學硏究所 1986 體育科學 Vol.6 No.6

The purpose of this study is to in-vestigate the effects of gradual and radical exercise load on the treadmill for PH, Sugar and Lactate in Blood by selecting 14 subjects in H university, All subjects began exercise by 6mPH for 4 minutes at start and increased exercise speed up to HR 140 by increasing every minute as gradual load. And subjects began exercise by 9mPH at first and increased load up to HR 140 as radical exercise load. The results are as follows: (1) In PH in Blood, gradual exercise load is lower than radical training in all subjects. (p<0.05) (2) In Sugar in Blood, radical exercise load is higher than gradual exercise load in all subjects. (p<0.05) (3) In Lactic Acid in Blood, gradual training is higher than radical exercise load in all subjects. (p<0.01) (4) In Lactic Acid, all subjects showed high value and its is also in Sugar, than the method of exercise load is according to anaerobic energy metabolism.

각주 콘크리트 공시체의 크기 효과에 관한 연구

강수철,은희창 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.11 No.1

The strength of concrete for design or core concrete for destructive test depends on several parameters including the size and type of specimen. The Korean and European Standard take 415x30 cylindrical and 15 an cubic specimens for measuring the concrete strength, respectively. There have been rare attempts to decide the relationships according to the shape and size of squared specimens. Especially. it is incorrect to use the existing data due to the different material properties in Cheju from the others. Therefore. in this experimental study, we investigate the relationships and compare with the existing results. The experimental results will be utilized to grasp the material and mechanical characteristics of concrete in Cheju.

농업용 S/W의 개발과 이용 활성화 방안

강정옥,이철희,한원식 한국농업정책학회, 한국축산경영학회 2001 농업경영정책연구 Vol.28 No.2

This study aims to the examine the development strategy and usage of software for farmers through demand survey of farmers. This study also analyzes the situations and problems that farmers encounter when using software, demand on software, and kind of software that they want to use in their farm management in the future. The category of satisfaction and dissatisfaction on software for farm management is classified for useful software development and the reason of quitting using software. Results of the survey revealed that to increase software utilization after development and distribution of software, educational opportunity for farmers should be provided; use of various distribution channels and distribution of appropriate software.

만성 스트레스에 대한 뇌 및 위장관계의 Polyamine반응 : 단일성 및 복합성 스트레스의 차이 Differences between Single and Complex Type Stress

강영우,김희철,이성룡 대한생물치료정신의학회 2001 생물치료정신의학 Vol.7 No.2

Objectives : There is a hypothesis that subject may adapted to same kind repetitive stress. Polyamine(putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) is one of the stress responses in brain and peripheral organs. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the differences between single and complex type of chronic stresses by examining the changes of polyamine levels in brain and peripheral tissues. Method : There are four groups in this study. 1) control group(n=5) : animals with no stress, 2) immobilization stress group(n=5) : animals with 10 times of immobilization stress, 3) cold-water swimming stress group(n=5) ; animals with 10 times of swimming stress in cold water, 4) complex stress group(n-5) : animals with immobilization and cold-water swimming stress. For immobilization stress(10 days), rats were placed in restrainers once daily, for 3 hours, For cold water swimming stress, rats were placed in ice-cold water once daily for 3min(10 days). For complex stress, rats were alternately underwant immobilization stress and cold swim stress, for 10 days(5 times, respectively). For polyamine analysis, polyamine extracted from brain tissue(frontal cortex and hippocampus) and gastrointestinal tract(gastric and duodenal mucosa) and measured with high performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detector at 242nm. Results : Putrescine levels in frontal cortex were significantly decreased by immobilitation stress and complex stress, respectively. Putrescine levels in hippocampus were significantly decreased by immobilization stress. Spermidine levels in duodenal mucosa were significantly decreased by cold swimming stress. However, spermine levels were not changed by any type of stress. There were no differences in polyamine reponses between single type and complex type stresses. Conlusions : Attenuations of putrescine and spermidine levels after chronic stresses seem to be a adaptation process of polyamine responses. In our experimental conditions, there are no differences in polyamine responses between single type and complex type stresses.

각주 콘크리트 공시체의 크기 효과에 관한 연구

강수철,은희창 제주대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.1

The strength of concrete for design or core concrete for destructive test depends on several parameters including the size and type of specimen. The Korean and European Standard take φ15×30 cylindrical and 15cm cubic specimens for measuring the concrete strength, respectively. There have been rare attempts to decide the relationships according to the shape and size of squared specimens. Especially, it is incorrect to use the existing data due to the different material properties in Cheju from the others. Therefore, in this experimental study, we investigate the relationships and compare with the existing results. The experimental results will be utilized to grasp the material and mechanical characteristics of concrete in Cheju.