정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

화재 발생시 연기 거동과 온도분포에 대한 수치해석적 연구

홍기배,김하영 충주대 산업과학기술연구소 1999 産業科學論文集 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구는 세 가지 유형의 아트리움 공간에 대해서 Zone 모델과 Field 모델을 비교하였으며, Zone 모델로는 FIRST, CFAST, NIST에서 개발된 CCFM.VENTS 그리고 CSIRO에서 개발된 NBTC 1-room 모델을 사용하였고 Field 모델로는 Chow에 의해 개발된 화재모델과 본 연구에서 개발된 SMEP을 사용하였다. 두 모델들에 대한 비교는 서로 유사한 결과를 보였으며, 특히 PISO 알고리즘을 사용한 SMEP의 경우가 SIMPLE 알고리즘 또는 SIMPLER 알고리즘이 적용된 field 모델에 비해 더 빠른 계산시간을 보여 주었다. In this paper, the smoke filling process for the three types of atrium spaces are simulated using the two types of deterministic fire model; zone models and field models. The zone models used are the FIRST, CFAST, and CCFM.VENTS models developed at the Building and Fire Research Laboratories, NIST, USA and the NBTC one-room model of FIRECALC delveloped at CSIRO, Australia. The field models used are the fire field model developed by W. K. Chow and a self-developed SMEP(Smoke Movement Estimating Program) based on computational fluid dynamics theories. The results predicted by the two approaches are very similar. The field model using SIMPLE algorithm or SIMPLER algorithm requires much more computing time compared with the use of SMEP using PISO algorithm.

소아 대퇴골 간부 골절에대한 Nancy정 고정술

홍기도,하성식,정남식,심재천,김재영 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.4

분무유동장에 미치는 선회류의 영향에 관한 수치해석적 연구

洪起培,張光鎭,金夏永 忠州大學校 1996 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.31 No.1

The swirl effect is very important parameter in the oil buner spray field. In this study, it was study of the cdmputer simulation about swirl effect When the size of spray angle of nozzle, spray pressure of nozzle, pressure of combustion chamber and buner tube were fixed. The swirl generation parts size were at intervals of 2.2mm, 2.7mm, 3.2mm. The pty flow was mixed well at 2.7mm. If we are able to got the experimerntal data. The study of comparision between experimental data and computer simulation results is possible. And then we can construct the data base about design parameters of holder.

경피적 겸자 정복 및 골수강내 금속핀 고정을 이용한 쇄골 골절의 치료

홍기도,하성식,정남식,심재천,김경호 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.4

목적 : 경피적 겸자 정복 및 골수강내 금속판 고정술을 이용한 쇄골 간부 골절의 치료에 대해 유용성을 규명해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2003년 7월까지 본원에서 쇄골 간부 골절 환자 중 신경 및 혈관 손상이 없었고, 골절의 분쇄상이 비교적 적었던 총 16례를 대상으로 겸자를 이용한 경피적 정복 후에 골수강에 금속판을 삽입하여 고정하였다. 술 후 유합 정도 및 결과를 임상적, 방사선학적으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 방사선학적으로 골유합을 보인 경우가 총 15례였으며, 술 후 평균 9.1주에 유합 소견을 관찰하였다, 임상적으로 강 등의 기준에 따라 구분한 결과, 우수 이상이 14례로 나타났다. 1례에서 1주 만에 K-강선의 내측전위로 골절부위가 재전위되어 관혈적 정복 및 금속판 내 고정을 시행한 이외에 다른 주요 합병증은 없었다. 결론 : 저자들의 방법은 수술시간이 짧고 간단하며, 연부조직의 추가적 손상이 적어 골유합율이 높고, 수술 반흔을 남기지 않아 수술적 적응을 신중히 고려한다면 쇄골 간부 골절의 치료법의 하나로 유용할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: To investigate the utility of surgical treatment of clavicle shan fracture using a percutaneous towel clip reduction and intramedullary fixation. Materials and Methods : This study was conducted for total 16 case of patients who had no neurovascular injury and a few comminuted bone fragment among patients with clavicle shaft fracture from January 2002 to July 2003. The method of operation was percutaneous towel clip reduction and intramedullary fixation. The clinical and radiological results were evaluated. Results : Radiologically, 15 cases showed bone unions and the avenge time was 9.1 weeks. According to Kang's criteria clinically, there were 14 cases which were more than an excellence. One case substituted open reduction and nailing fixation due to a medial migration of K-wire and re-displacement of fracture even in 1 week. However, there wasn't any other major complication. Conclusion : Due to its having no additional injury to soft tissues, no scar formations, and its short operation time, percutaneous towel clip reduction and intramedullary fixation will be very useful as one of the treatments of clavicular shaft fracture if it follows correct surgical indications.

자궁 경부 도말표본에서 Chlamydia trachomatis의 양성율에 대한 연구

홍기언,김의한,김민관,양승하,강상균 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.1

The uterine cervicitis by chlamydia trachomatis(CT) shows no specific clinical symptoms except mucopurulent leukorrhea, but it causes severe complications such as endometritis, salpingitis, abortion and infertility. Fortunately, the treatment of cervicitis by CT is simple and effective, so that this infection is once diagnosed and then confirmed, the treatment is not difficult. To study the positive rate of CT infection, we collected 65 patients inflicted with mucopurulent leukorrhea in Chonan city. Specimen was collected by swab and for the detection of CT, ELISA was carried out. The positive cases are observed in 15 out of 65 patients (positive rate is 23.1%). This positive rate was rather lower than other reports, however, this results were higher we expected With this result, the clinicians keep in mind the fact that the causes of uterine cervicitis by CT occupy the large proportions as gonorrhea.

消癌去痰益氣湯의 cyclophosphamide 부작용 형성 억제효과

홍종희,류기원,류봉하,윤상협,김진성 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2002 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2002 No.-

Object : It is well known that modern chemotherapy against cancer has side effcts to a living body, especially hemopoietic and immunologial disfunctions. However, there are no effctive ways to reduce them.Recently, traditonal Korean herb medicine has been repoted to have some biological modifying responses. Therefore, we hypothesized that additional application of herb medicine during chemotherapy is more effective to reduce its side effects. While we were studying the effects, we have observed the inhibitory effect of Soamgudamikgitang on formation of side effects derived from Cyclophosphamide, it has been used in clinical practice at Kyung Hee Medicd Center.Methods : We injected 200㎎/㎏ of Cyclophosphamide, one time, to an experimental group, consisting of ten mice. We divided them into eight groups: normal, CPX, SAKT 2㎎, SAKT 10㎎, SAKT 50㎎, SAKI 2㎎+CPX, SAKT 10㎎+CPX, SAKT 50㎎+CPX. We injeted Soamgudamikgitang seven days, five days, three days, and one day before we injected CPX. One day, three days, and five days after CPX injection, we injected Soamgudamikgitang again and then killed all the mice.The parameters determined in this experiment were daily body weight liver and spleen weight, RBC, WBC, and platelet for hemopoietic dysfunction and AST, ALT for hepatotoxicity, BUN, creatine for renal toxcity, Iymphocyte proliferation activity and lymphocyte subsets for immunological toxvity.Results : We have found that Soamgdamikgitang has inhibitory effects on the formation of Cyclophosphamide 's side effects. Significant differences between the group, which contained Cyclophosphamide, and the other group, which contains Cyclophosphamide and 2, 10, 50㎎ of Soamgudamikgitang respectively were observed. Platelets(2㎎ of Soamgudamikgitang, p<O.05 ;10㎎, p<0.Ol ;50㎎, p<0.001), liver weight(SOw p.001), spieen weight(10mg, p<0.05), AST(all groups, p<0.01), ALT(2㎎, p<001 ;10㎎, p<O.05 ;50㎎, p<0.01), BUN(2㎎, p<0.01 ;50㎎, p<0.05). Althought immunological in both lymphocyte proliferation and its subsets were not observed, which shows that Soamgudamikgilang has a strong effect on T cell activities Conclusions : From the above results, we can expect that the combined therapy of Soamgudamikgitang and Cyclophosphamide is more effective for treating cancer Patients.

Hemochromatosis의 1예

신기영,양영선,최하진,홍숙희 인제대학교 1982 仁濟醫學 Vol.3 No.3

Hemochromatosis는 간 경변증 피부 색소 침착 당뇨병 심부전을 주 증상으로 나타나는 질환인데 본 교실에서는 본증 1예를 경험하고 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. We have seen a patient with hemochromatosis, who has been clinically studied. A 73 year old man, who had been a heavy alcohol drinker since young, was admitted to our hospital with complaints of right upper abdominal pain, dyspnea, general weakness and fatigue. The typical bronze coloration of skin, liver and skin involvements with iron deposition were demonstrated. The serum iron and total iron binding capacity were elevated up to 187ng/dl and 216ng/dl respectively. Urinary iron excretion was 60.42ug per 24hrs.

임베디드 시스템에서 Mobile IP 프로토콜 구현

宋東勳,裵振勝,鄭燦赫,吳世德,李基源,劉忠烈,河載承,李光培,金玄郁 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2005 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.24 No.-

With rapid growth of the internet, need for the mobile communication networks is increasing. In this paper, we implement and test Mobile IP Protocol in Embedded System. Our Mobile IP-based testbed consisted of two sub-networks and each sub-network was configured to operate independently through use of router. To satisfy integrated wired/wireless network model established on the testbed design and show generality of the testbed, we implemented mobile nodes, home agent, foreign agent and router on the basis of Linux operating system. As the results of the evaluation, we confirmed that mobile nodes operated properly according to Mobile IP Protocol.

뇌 동맥류를 동반한 Takayasu's Arteritis 1례 : 증례 보고 Case Report

이하우,홍순기,한용표,허철,김헌주 대한신경외과학회 1992 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.21 No.5

A Case of Takayasu's arteritis associated with intracranial aneurysm is described. We discussed the clinical features, radiologic findings of the case, and reviewed the literatures of this disease entity.