Neuroprotective effects of bovine colostrum on intracerebral hemorrhage-induced apoptotic neuronal cell death in rats

Kim, Sung Eun,Ko, Il Gyu,Shin, Mal Soon,Kim, Chang Ju,Ko, Young Gwan,Cho, Hanjin Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2012 Neural regeneration research Vol.7 No.22

<P>Brain cell death after intracerebral hemorrhage may be mediated in part by an apoptotic mechanism. Colostrum is the first milk produced by mammals for their young. It plays an important role in protection and development by providing various antibodies, growth factors and nutrients, and has been used for various diseases in many countries. In the present study, we investigated the anti-apoptotic effects of bovine colostrum using organotypic hippocampal slice cultures and an intracerebral hemorrhage animal model. We performed densitometric measurements of propidium iodide uptake, a step-down avoidance task, Nissl staining, and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. The present results revealed that colostrum treatment significantly suppressed N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-induced neuronal cell death in the rat hippocampus. Moreover, colostrum treatment improved short-term memory by suppressing hemorrhage-induced apoptotic neuronal cell death and decreasing the volume of the lesion induced by intracerebral hemorrhage in the rat hippocampus. These results suggest that colostrum may have a beneficial role in recovering brain function following hemorrhagic stroke by suppressing apoptotic cell death.</P>

Factors associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasia in young adults under age 40

Ilsoo Kim,Han Hee Lee,Young Jae Ko,Ho Eun Chang,Dae Young Cheung,Bo-In Lee,Young-Seok Cho,Jin Il Kim,Myung-Gyu Choi 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.5

Background/Aims: Recent epidemiologic studies have shown a continued increase in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults. Little is known about the factors that contribute to the development of young-onset colorectal neoplasia (CRN). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed for individuals younger than 40 years who underwent colonoscopy in Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital and its affiliated health screening center. High-risk CRN was defined as adenoma or sessile serrated lesion ≥ 10 mm, with three or more adenomas, villous histology, high grade dysplasia, or carcinoma. Results: Of these 13,621 included participants, 2,023 (14.9%) had one and more CRN. Young patients with CRN tended to be elderly, male, obese, smoker, having a habit of drinking, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol intake, old age (odds ratio [OR], 1.086; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.054 to 1.119), male sex (OR, 1.748; 95% CI, 1.247 to 2.451), obesity (OR, 1.439; 95% CI, 1.133 to 1.828), and smoking (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.287 to 2.127) were independent risk factors for overall CRN. Obesity and smoking as two modifiable factors increased the risk for high-risk CRN even more than for overall CRN (OR, 1.734; 95% CI, 1.168 to 2.575 and OR, 1.797; 95% CI, 1.172 to 2.753, respectively). Conclusions: Obesity and smoking were modifiable risk factors for CRN in young adults. They increased the risk for highrisk CRN even more than for overall CRN. A colonoscopy might be beneficial for young individuals with these factors.

인터넷 쇼핑 웹 사이트의 디자인 비교연구 : 의류 쇼핑 사이트 사례 중심으로 Case study of the fashion sites

고은주,목보경 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 1999 생활과학연구 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this study were 1) to find the present condition of clothing shopping web site. 2) to analyze web design elements, and 3)to propose the problem and improvement, so meaning to prepare basis for effective web site design and analysis method of web site design. Subject for this study were 3 shopping web site(Fashionpia. Hansol CS Club, James Dean). The result of study were as follows. 1. Text form is not convenient of shopping process more than catalog form. 2. Fashionpla and Hansol CS Club sites are lack of pleasure and entertainment elements. 3. Display were not differentiated image and characters of product and brand were not provided well.

여대생의 체형과 Diet 식품에 관한 의식구조 조사

고영태,강정화,김태은 德成女子大學校 1999 德成女大論文集 Vol.30 No.-

A survey on the state of dietary habit, degree of obesity, viewpoint about body shape, BMI calculated from subjcts' height and weight, amount of body fat measured by body fat computer and viewponit about diet food and drug for 196 female university students was undertaken. The results are as follows : (1) In response to the question about activity frequency, 38.8% and 27.6% of the subjects answered as "less than once per month" and "1 or 2 times per week" , respectively. In case of activity intensity, 59.2% of the subjects answered as "moderate aerobic activity". Activity time of 32.1% and 29.1% of the subjects was "under 10 minutes" and "10-20 minutes", respectively. Activity level of 54.1% and 43.9% of the subjects was "light" and "moderate", respectively. (2) Distribution of measured body fat showed that 51.0% of the subjects were in the range of "30-35%" and 27.0% of the subjects were in the range of "25-30%". The average value of 196 subjects was 31.03%. In response to the question about body shape, 43.4%, 41.3%, 9.7% and 5.6% of the subjects answered as "plump", "normal", "obese" and "thin", respectively. However, BMI calulated from subjects' height and weight showed that 1.0% of the subjects were "obesity", 0.5% were "overweight", 41.8% were "normal" , and 56.6% were "underweight". (3) The results of fitness obtained from body fat & fitness computer showed that fitness of 68.4% of the subjects were "very poor" and that of 25.0% were "poor". The results of longevity showed that longivity of 69.4% of the subjects were "good" and that of 24.0% were "excellent". (4) 11.7% of the subjects had experience of diet food or drug intake. 43.5% of the taken subjects had effect only during taking period, 34.8% had no effect, and 13.0% had some side effect.

농축공정이 Kindorase의 생산수율에 미치는 영향

고영환,이은현,장규섭 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1996 농업과학연구 Vol.23 No.2

In order to improve the production yield of kindorase as complex antiphlogistic agent, molecular weight of concentration membrane, membrane configration, temperature, pressure and pH of concentration solution, fouling, etc. were investigated, and the results obtained are as follows ; 1. High production yield was shown using 10k Dalton molecular weight cut-off concentration membrane and spiral membrane made of polysulfone. 2. And it was reasonable conditions for maintaining the concentration solution at 3Bar in pressure. 3. The optimum pH of solution for improving production yield of kindorase were the range of 7.5 to 8.5, and for obtaining better production yield, clean in place(C.I.P) of membrane was treated with 0.1N NaOH at 40 to 50℃ for 30minutes.

쪽파[Allium ascalonicum L.] 재배기간 중 Diazinon, Iprodione 및 Chlorfenapyr의 잔류랑 변화

고광용,나은식,김성헌,김상준,장영희,이규승 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2005 농업과학연구 Vol.32 No.2

In order to know the residual pattern of pesticides and predict to the degradation period until below MRL, we experimented diazinon, iprodinon and chlorfenapyr for shallot. They were the most detected pesticide in shallot by NAQS (National Agricultural product Quality management Service) survey. In this experiment, we sprayed those pesticides 15days before harvest and analyzed 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 day sample to establish logical equation and to calculate DT_(50). During the cultivating period, the residue amount of diazinon was changed from 1.02 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.01 mg/kg (14 day), DT_(50) was 2.19 days, and iprodione was changed from 1.45 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.14 mg/kg (14 day), DT_(50) was 4.15 days, and chlorfenapyr was changed from 1.5 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.01 mg/kg (14 day), DT_(50) was 1.97 days. The DT_(50) of double amount in those pesticides, diazinon was 2.24 days, iprodione was 4.82 days, and chlorfenapyr was 2.24 days, respectively.

의복광고에 나타난 소비자 가치의 변화추세 고찰 : 1976∼1996년 남성월간지 의복광고분석을 중심으로 A content analysis of advertisements in men's magazine , 1976∼1996

고선영,이은영 한국의류학회 1998 한국의류학회지 Vol.22 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of consumers' values as appeared in advertisements. Advertisements in men's magazine from 1976 to 1996 were classified by VALS1 program. The results were as follows. 1. There was a significant trend that advertisements with outer-directed value decreased while the ones with inner-directed value increased. 2. In case of outer-directed group appeared in advertisements, There was a tendency that the hierarchy of needs shifted from emulators to achievers. However, the shift in hierarchy of needs in inner-directed group was not significant. 3. Even though the advertisements with material value were predominant, there was a tendency that the advertisement with material value decreased while the ones with human value increased.

서울시내 4개 여자대학교 학생들의 체중 조절 실태와 Diet에 대한 의식구조 조사

고영태,이은주 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1997 學生生活硏究 Vol.13 No.-

본 연구에서는 서울 시내 4개 여자대학교 재학생 933명을 대상으로 하여 여대생의 식습관, 비만 정도, 체중 조절 실태, 영양지식을 얻는 매체, 다이어트 식품에 관한 견해 등을 조사하였다. 본인의 체형에 관한 질문에는 "통통한 편", "보통", "마른편"이 각각 40.5%, 39.1%, 12.9%로 나타났으나, 브로카의 비만도 측정 법으로 계산한 결과에 의해서는 4.2%만이 "과체중"이었고, 53.2%가 "정상", 34.8%가 "저체중"이었다. 체중관리의 관심정도에 대한 질문에는 답변자의 33.5%가 "높다", 44.1%가 "보통"이라 답하였다. 그러나 답변자의 60.1%가 건강을 위해 특별히 하고 있는 것은 없었다. 답변자의 65.1%가 체중조절 경험이 있었고, 체중 조절을 하는 이유로는 답변자의 34.8%가 "비만 또는 과체중이어서", 44.3%가 "정상체중이지만 미용상"이라고 답했다. 주로 이용하는 체중 조절 방법으로는 답변자의 37.9%가 "꾸준하게 식사량을 조절" 26.8%가 "운동과 다이어트를 병행", 18.9%가 "운동"이었다. 영양에 관한 지식을 주로 얻는 매체로는 "친구나 주위사람"이 37.7%, "신문이나 월간지"가 27.9%, "TV나 방송 매체"가 27.8%로 나타났다. 답변자의 12.0%가 시중 판매 다이어트 식품 또는 약품을 섭취해 본 경험이 있다고 답했고, 그 중 33.0%는 섭취기간에만 효과를 보았고, 31.3%는 효과를 보지 못했고, 25.9%는 약간의 효과를 본 것으로 나타났다. A survey on state of dietary habit, degree of obesity, body weight control, medium of nutritional knowledge and viewpoint of diet food and drug for 933 female students in 4 women's universities in Seoul was undertaken, The results are as follows : (1) In response to the question about body shape, 40.5%, 39.1% and 12.9% of the subjects answered "plump", "normal", and "thin", respectively. However the results calculated from subjects' height and weight by Broca's method were that 4.2% of the subjects were "overweight", 53.2% were "normal", and 34.8% were "underweight". (2) Interest of body weight control was relatively high as 33.5% of the subjects answered "high", and 44.1% did "normal". But 60.1% of the subjects did not practice any particular activity for health 65.1% of the subjects had experience of body weight control. The reasons of body weight control were "obese or overweight" (34.8% of the subjects), "normal weight but for beauty" (44.3% of the subjects). In order to control body weight, 37.9% of the subjects practiced "control of eating volume constantly", 26.8% of the subjects practiced "exercise and diet together" and 18.9% of the subjects practiced "exercise". (3) Nutritional knowledge was obtained "from friends or neighboring persons" (37.7%), "from newspapers or magazines" (27.9%) and "from TV or broadcasting" (27.8%). (4) 12.0% of the subjects had experience of diet food or drug intake. 33.0% of the taken subjects had effect only during taking period. 31.3% had no effect, and 25.9% had some effect.

Aerobic Exercise Affects Myostatin Expression in Aged Rat Skeletal Muscles: A Possibility of Antiaging Effects of Aerobic Exercise Related With Pelvic Floor Muscle and Urethral Rhabdosphincter

Ko, Il Gyu,Jeong, Jin Woo,Kim, Young Hoon,Jee, Yong Seok,Kim, Sung Eun,Kim, Sang Hoon,Jin, Jun Jang,Kim, Chang Ju,Chung, Kyung Jin Korean Continence Society 2014 International Neurourology Journal Vol.18 No.2

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Aging-induced loss of muscle mass and subsequent reduction of strength is a fundamental cause of frailty, functional decline, and disability. And this may lead to muscular dysfunction, voiding dysfunction, or urinary incontinence due to pelvic muscle weakness induced by aging. Physical exercise has been recommended for the prevention and the treatment of these age-related frail states. We investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on muscle strength, myostatin mRNA and protein expression, and gastrocnemius myocytes proliferation in aged rats to investigate the possible antiaging effects of aerobic exercise on skeletal muscles such as pelvic floor muscles and urethral rhabdosphincter muscle.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In this study, 5-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as the young-age group (n=20) and 24-month-old rats were used as the old-age group (n=20). Each group was randomly divided into two groups (n=10 in each group): the sedentary and the treadmill exercise group. The rats in the exercise groups were forced to run on a motorized treadmill for 30 minutes, once a day, for 6 weeks. For this study, a weight load test, hematoxylin and eosin staining, real-time and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for myostatin mRNA, myostatin western blot, and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine immunohistochemistry were performed in the gastrocnemius muscle.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The age-induced reduction of muscle mass and strength was associated with a decrease in myocyte proliferation and an increase in myostatin mRNA and protein expression in the gastrocnemius. However, treadmill exercise improved muscle mass and strength through suppression of myostatin mRNA and protein expression, and myocyte proliferation increase in the gastrocnemius against the aging process.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Aerobic exercise is a useful strategy for enhancing muscle function against aging-induced loss of skeletal muscle mass and functions.</P>

공황장애의 임상적 특성

고은정,최영희,박기환,이정흠 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.2

Objectives : To clarify clinical features of panic disorder and to compare the characteristics of cognitive patterns, avoidance behaviors, and coping strategies among patients who have panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Methods : Family backgrounds, cognitive patterns in the first panic attack, coping strategies, and avoidance behaviors were compared among the three groups classified by panic patients with mild agoraphobia(mild PDA=66), severe agoraphobia(severe PDA=71), and without agoraphobia(PD=21) Results : 1) Severe PDA reported significantly high panic attack frequency and more dysfunctional level than PD. 2) Catastrophic thinking of 'dying' in PD was significantly frequent than the other groups. Other fears of 'going craze or loss of control' in severe PDA were the highest among the three groups, though it was not significant. Specific thinking process or interpretation in the first panic attack was not significantly different among the three groups. 3) As avoidance behaviors became worse, the frequency of avoidance behaviors and the patters of avoidance behaviors increased. Conclusions : The results suggested that as avoidance behaviors became worse, the frequency of panic, maladaptive functioning and the patterns of avoidance behaviors increase. This might be why we need to decrease avoidance behaviors through exposure as the treatment.