소아 야뇨증에 대한 임상적 고찰

김승수,곽병곤,김영대,김우경,김영균,이종국 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of enuretic children and to evaluate the efficacy of treatments. Methods: Our study subjects enrolled were 52 children with nocturnal enuresis, who visited outpatient clinic of pediatrics in Seoul Paik Hospital and Ilsan Paik Hospital, during the period from October 1998 to August 2004. The data of gender, age, family history, symptom, clinical type of enuresis and drug therapy were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results: The male : female ratio was 2.25 : 1. The mean age at diagnosis was 6.8 years with an age range from 4.3 years to 12.5 years. Fourty five cases(86.5%) were diagnosed as primary enuresis and 7 cases(13.5%) were diagnosed as secondary enuresis. A family history of enuresis was noted in 5 cases(9.6%) including 4 cases with parental enuresis history. The accompanying urinary symptoms were urgency(11.5%), frequency (7.7%), and dysuria(2.0%). Conclusion: We found frequent occurrences of enuresis in boys and primary type and an occasional association with a family history of enuresis. The two main treatment modalities were behavior control with an alarm system and drug therapy with imipramine, desmopressin, or oxybutynin. We recommend continuous drug medications to control nocturnal enuresis along with encouragement.

플라즈마 이온주입기에서의 시변환 쉬스 연구

김곤호,김건우,김영우,최영도,김종식,김상진,한승희,홍문표 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1998 工學技術論文集 Vol.7 No.1

Abstract- In a plasma source ion implantation, the target is successively biased by negative voltage pulses with an intrinsic finite rise time, resulting in the time-dependent sheath formation around the target. Measurement of time-dependent sheath during the pulse rise show the ion matrix sheath development which is in proportion to square root of time and pulse rise rate over plasma density but independent of the ion mass.

CDMA 환경에서 위치추정을 위한 벡터채널 모델링과 AOA(Angle of Arrival), TOA(Time of Arrival), TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)를 이용한 위치 추정 성능 분석

김장섭,이영창,정우곤 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 論文集 Vol.51 No.2

본 논문에서는 CDMA 환경에서 기지국의 배열 안테나에 수신되는 신호의 방향을 이용하여 기지국의 위치를 추정하는 AOA 방식과 시간을 기반으로 하는 TOA, TDOA에 대한 연구를 기술하였으며, 특히 배열 안테나의 수신신호의 채널 시뮬레이터를 통한 생성, 그리고 cross-correlation 방법에 대해서 분석하였다. 본 논문에서는 CDMA 환경에서 신호의 AOA를 추측하기 위하여 다중경로 벡터채널을 적용하였다. 성능으로서 위치추정 에러와 분산은 산란의 반경, 그리고 AOA, TOA, TDOA의 방법에 따라 전개하였다. 그리고 FCC에서 제안한 정확도가 125m 반경 이내에 들어오는 확률과 해를 구하지 못하는 횟수를 계산하였다. 그 결과 산란(scattering)의 반경이 클수록 위치추정 오차와 분산은 커졌다.

ID-GC/MS에 의한 쌀 중의 잔류농약 인증표준물질

김유곤,김달호,백병천,이우범 國立 麗水大學校 환경문제硏究所 2001 環境硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The CRM used in evaluation of effectiveness, calibration or analysis equipment when you analyse in material of rice powder or similar matrix. Analytical items were γ-HCH, p,p'-DDE, endosulfan-2, samples of achieved pertreatment analized each component indivisually. Control mode of MS used selected ion monitering(SIM). GC is 6890GC of Agilent Technology company and MS is JMS 700 of Jeol company. MS operating condition was Electron impact ionization with 70eV. 300A, GC operating condition was Column : Rtx-5MS 30m*0.25m ID*0.25um, Oven Temp 90℃(3min)-20℃/min-280℃(2min), Injection port 250℃, splitless, Carrier Gas He with 1mL/min. Water contents was 12.534% and dry mass correction factor 1.143. CRM certified values of the experiment result were p,p'-DDE 0.165±0.011,mg/kg, γ-HCH 0.0129±0.0011mg/kg, endosulfan-2 0.0216±0.0027mg/kg. The numbers following the symbol ± are the numerical values of expanded uncertainties, U=ku_(c) of measurement values preceding the symbol. The level of confidence for the expanded uncertainties are 96% with k=2.

Type 316L(N) 스테인리스 강의 최적질소함량 평가

金大煥,金雨坤,柳禹錫 대한금속재료학회 2002 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.40 No.6

Tensile, fatigue, creep-fatigue, creep tests were conducted at R.T.∼600℃ to evaluate the effect of nitrogen on mechanical properties and the optimum nitrogen content for type 316L(N) stainless steel containing the different nitrogen content from 0.04% to 0.15%. Tensile strength decreased with temperature and increased with the addition of nitrogen but elongation was not decreased with the addition of nitrogen. Fatigue life was almost same up to 300℃ and decreased drastically at 600℃. Fatigue life increased with the addition of nitrogen but decreased at above 0.10% nitrogen content. Fatigue crack propagation increased with temperature, decreased with the addition of nitrogen, and increased at above 0.10% nitrogen content. The time to rupture for creep increased with the addition of nitrogen and saturated at above 0.10% nitrogen content. Minimum creep rate of creep decreased with the addition of nitrogen. Creep-fatigue life increased with the addition of nitrogen but decreased at above 0.10% nitrogen content. Mechanical properties were improved up to 0.10% nitrogen content but saturated or decreased at above 0.10% nitrogen content. The optimum nitrogen content for the high temperature mechanical properties of type 316L(N) stainless steel was evaluated as 0.10% in the 0.02% carbon content.

마이크로-매크로 셀룰라 시스템을 위한 계층선정 기법분석

김장섭,이상헌,정우곤,최형진 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 論文集 Vol.49 No.1

A control scheme to select the appropriate layer between macro- and microcell hierarchical structure is considered. With the assumption that the each mobile speed is known to the system. the algorithm determines the optimal velocity threshold by which the cell section performed. The optimal criterion is to minimize the Grade of Service(GOS), a service criterion in cellular telephone systems. Mobile station with faster speed relative to the determined optimal speed threshold are assigned to a macrocell, while slower moving terminals are assigned to the smaller cells, i,e.. microcells. For the evaluation purpose for the proposed scheme, two different evaluation perspectives are compared and the algorithm proves to work

다양한 셀 형태를 가지는 계층 구조 셀룰라 시스템의 텔래 트래픽과 성능 분석

김장섭,이용우,정우곤 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 論文集 Vol.50 No.1

A realistic method for the system performance evaluation is introduced for heterogeneous cell type and non-uniformly distributed traffic rate. In order to estimate the performance more accurately, especially for hierarchical cellular systems, the designers need to be free from the constraint of the uniformly distribution of traffic and the homogeneity of cell types. We propose new performance evaluation methods for less constraint cell structures for an overlaid cell types, i.e., a macrocell and any number of embedded microcells. The traffic flow matrices define the non-uniform traffic distribution and the paths with the mobile stations flow through; any types of traffic pattern can be handled. For assessment of the system performance the blocking probability for the new call attempts, the dropping probability for the handoff calls, and the forced termination probability are considered based on the proposed modeling.

Zn₄SnSe_(6):Co^(2+) 단결정의 물성에 관한 연구

이우선,오금곤,최창주,송찬일,김형곤 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2001 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.23 No.2

In this paper, author describe the undoped and Co^(2+)-doped Zn₄SnSe_(6) single crystals were grown by the chemical transport reaction(CTR) method. For the crystal growth, the temperature gradient of the CTR furnace was kep a t 700℃ for the source aone and at 820℃ for the growth zone for 7-days. I t was found from the analysis of x-ray diffraction that undoped and Co^(2+)-doped Zn₄SnSe_(6) compounds have a monoclinic structure. The optical absorption spectra obtained near the fundamental absorption edge showed that these compounds have a direct energy gaps.

Ortho-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile(CS) 이 흰쥐 피부조직에 미치는 조직학적 영향에 관한 연구

이우용,최봉근,김잉곤,엄기일,정호삼,정호삼,류재만 한양대학교 의과대학 1998 한양의대 학술지 Vol.18 No.1

This study was undertaken to describe the fine structural changes of cytoplasmic organelles in epidermal cells, and the changes of volume and localization of collagen type Ⅰ in the dermis of rat skin by CS(Ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile) application. The experimental animals, 100∼150gm of body weight rats(Sprague-Dawley strain), were sacrificed at 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 day and 5 day after CS application on the hair-shaved back skin. The specimens were prepared for ultrastructural findings, ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate double stain and observed with Hitachi-600 electron microscrope. The others were incubated with rabbit anti rat type Ⅰ collagen antibody as primary antibody, and Goat anti rabbit IgG antibodies as secondary antibody And advidin-biotin-conjugated(ABC) peroxidase procedure was used. All of specimens for immune reactions were observed with light microscope. The results obtained were as follows. 1 Keratinocytes appeared fully necrotized after 3 days of CS application. The epidermis showed degeneration of basal lamina, enlargement of intercellular spaces and necrotic keratinocytes with vacuole and vesicles. And large keratohyalin granules were seen in the shrunken epidermal cells. 2 At 3 or 5 day after CS treatment, the normal cytoplasmic organelles of keratinocytes began to appear on the basal and prickel cells. 3 At 12 hour an 24 hour after CS treatment. The immune reaction of type Ⅰ collagen showed weak reaction in reticular layer of dermis. But at 3 day and 5 day after CS treatment, moderate immune reaction were seen in throughout the dermis. These results suggest that CS application to rak skin may induce changes of keratinocytes and reductive changes of type Ⅰ collagen in the dermis.

대퇴골 간부 골절 치료에서 확공성 금속정과 비확공성 금속성 사용시 임상적 차이 비교

박희곤,김명호,유문집,변우섭 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목 적: 대퇴골 간부 골절의 치료에 있어 확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우와 비확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우, 그 임상적 차이를 비교 분석해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1997년 6월부터 2000년 4월까지 대퇴 간부 골절로 진단, 본원에서 확공성 금속정 또는 비확공성 금속정으로 치료한 105례의 환자 중에서 1년 이상 추시 가능했던 95례의 활자를 대상으로 하였다 이중 확공성 금속정 사용군이 74례, 비확공성 사용군이 21례이였다. 골절의 분류는Winquist-Hansen 분류를 사용하였으며, 확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우는 Ⅰ형 20례, Ⅱ형 37례, Ⅲ형 15례, Ⅳ형 2례이였으며 비확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우는 Ⅰ형 0례, Ⅱ형 7례, Ⅲ형 10례, Ⅳ형 4례였다. 연구 방법으로는 연구 대상의 추시 기간 동안의 의무기록과 방사선학적 검사를 토대로 수술 시간, 수술시 출혈량, 최초 가골 형성 시기, 골절 유합 시기 및 합병증 등을 후향적으로 비교하여 통계학적 분석을 시행하였다. 결 과: 수술시간은 확공성 금속정 사용군이 평균 107분, 비확공성 금속정 사용군이 94분으로 통계학적 유의성을 보였으며 (p<0.005) 수술이 출혈량의 경우 금속정 사용군이 400㎖, 비확공성 금속정 사용군이 250 ㎖로 통계학적 유의성을 보였다 (p<0.001). 그 외 최고 가골 형성 시기나 골절 유합 시기 등에서는 통계학적 유의성이 없었으나, 골절 유합 시기가 비확공성 금속정 사용군에서 전반적으로 늦는 경향을 보였다. 결 론: 대퇴골 간부 골절 치료에 있어 비확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우가 확공성 금속정을 사용한 경우에 비해 수술 시간 및 수술시 출혈량에 있어 유리함이 통계학적으로 유의하게 나타나 제한된 경우에서는 비확공성 금속정의 사용을 고려해도 좋을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: The comparative analysis of clinical difference between the use of reamed nail and unreamed nail in treatment of femoral shaft fracture. Materials and Methods: In 105 patients with femoral shaft fracture who were treated with reamed nail or unreamed nail between June of 1997 and April of 2000, 95 patients who underwent more than a year of follow-up were selected. Winquist-Hansen criteria was applied for the classification of fracture. Based on the medical records and radiological examinations, conducted a retrospective, statistical analysis of the duration of operation, the amount of bleeding during operation, the first time of callus formation, union time, and complications. Results: The average duration of operation was 107 minutes for reamed nail group, and 94 minutes for unreamed nail group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.005). The amount of bleeding during the operation was 400㎖ for reamed nail group and 250㎖ for unreamed nail group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was no statistical difference in the first time of callus formation and union time between the two groups but, in general union time tend to be long in unreamed nail group. Conclusion: In the treatment of femoral shaft fracture, the use of unreamed nail was shown to have an advantage over the use of reamed nail in terms of the duration of operation and the amount of bleeding. We recommend restrictive cases.