실험적 급성 심근경색증 후 좌심실 재성형에 관여하는 간질 조직의 변화에 대한 전환효소억제제의 기전에 대한 연구 : 백서의 非痛璧性 심근경색 후 좌심실 재성형 및 Transforming Grawth Factor β-1의 발현 변화와 이에 대한 레닌 안지오텐신계 차단제의 효과 분석 Effects on Transforming Growth Factor - β-1 Expression

연태진,김석연,김효수,김어진,김소영,정은주,서정욱,오병희 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.9

그람양성구균에 대한 Teicoplanin과 Vancomycin의 시험관내 항균력

최태열,김경숙,전용관,서일혜,김정욱,이웅수,안정열,김홍석,정재용,최효선,김덕언,유진우 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.1

An increasing frequency of methicillin resistant S. aureus(MRSA), methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci(MRCNS) and Enterococcal infection have been observed in recent years. Teicoplanin is a new glycopeptide antibiotic obstained from the Actinoplanes teicomycetius. The molecular structure and spectrum of antimicrobial activity of teicoplanin is simillar to those of vancomycin, and has been reported to have an excellent in vitro and in vivo effect against various gram-positive infections. Therefore, we evaluated the in vitor susceptibility of gram positive cocci, such as, S. aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci(CNS), and Enterococci to teicoplanin and vancomycin. The total 253 strains consisted of MSSA(40), MRSA(53), MSCNS(47), MRCNS(48), and Enterococci(65). They were assayed by disc diffusion and agar dilution. During the study, 57% of S. aureus and 49% of CNS showed resistance to methicillin. The inhibitory diameter of teicoplanin was 15-20mm in MSSA, 12-19mm in MRSA, 13-24mm in MSCNS, 11-23mm in MRCNS, and 15-22mm in Enterococci respectively, and showed sensitivity in all but 8 strains(3.2%). The range of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of teicoplanin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS and Enterococci were 9.12-2.0㎍/ml, 0.25-2.0㎍/ml, & 0.25-32㎍/ml, 0.12-1.0㎍/ml respectively. One case of S. haemolyticus was resistant to teicoplanin (32㎍/ml) by the agar dilution method. Eight minor (3.2%) and one major(0.4%) error was observed when the MIC and disk diffusion data were correlated with teicoplanin. As for vancomycin the inhibitory diameter was 17-21mm in MSSA, 15-21mm in MRSA, 18-26mm in MSCNS, 18-25mm in MRCNS, and 16-22mm in Enterococci respectively. The range of the MIC of vancomycin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS, and Enterococci were 0.25-1.0㎍/ml, 0.25-4.0㎍/ml, 0.5-2.0㎍/ml and 0.5-2.0㎍/ml respectively. One minor error (0.4%) was seen with the vancomycin disk. The MIC90 of MSSA and MRSA exhibited the same results in teicoplanin (1.0㎍/ml, 1.0㎍/ml), and vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). MSCNS and MRCNS exhibited greater MIC90 with teicoplanin(4.0㎍/ml, 8.0㎍/ml) than vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). Incontrase Enterococci were more susceptible to teicoplanin(0.5㎍/ml) than to vancomucin (2.0㎍/ml). Results from this analysis indicated that both teicoplanin and vancomycin were very excellent for gram positive infections, especially those resistant to methicillin.

비소세포폐암에서 Microsatellite Instability

전효성,김정란,손지웅,박선하,박태인,김창호,김인산,정태훈,박재용 경북대학교 병원 2001 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.1

연구베경:MMR 유전자의 불활성화에 의해 야기되는 뮤전적 불안정성은 발암기전의 한 부류로 인정되고 있다.저자들은 비소세포폐암의 발암과정에서의 MSI의 역할을 규명하기 위해 비소세포폐암에서 MSI의 빈도 및 MSI 유무에 따른 임상상의 차이를 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법:근치적 절제술을 받은 비소세포폐암 20예를 대상으로 하였다.동결된 폐암조직과 환자의 림프구에서 DNA를 추출한 후 3P와 9p의 15개의 marker들을 대상으로 PCR을 시행하고 7% polyacrylamide gel에서 전기영동한 후 silver 염색을 시행하였다. 암조직과 림프구 DNA의 PCR product의 band를 비교하여 MSI와 LOH를 판정하였다. 결과:1)대상환자들은 남자 19예,여자 1예였으며 모두 흡연자였고 평균 흠연력은 47 갑년이었다. 폐암의 조직형은 편평상피암 15예, 선암 4예,대세포암 1예였고, 술 후 병리학적 병기는 Ⅰ기 6예,Ⅱ기 5예, ⅢA기 7예,ⅢB기 2예였다. 2)20예 가운데 8예(40%)에서 MSI가 관찰되었으며 3예는 한 개의 marker에서,5예는 2개 이상의 marker에서 MSI가 관찰되었다. 3)LOH는 10예(50%)에서 있었으며,LOH유무에 따른 병가 및 흡연력의 차이가 없었다. 4)분석한 marker의 10% 이상에서 MSI가 관찰된 MSI-L종양은 5예였으며, 대부분의 marker에서 MSI양성인 MSI-H종양은 없었다.MSS종양과 MSI-L종양은 흡연력, 병기, 폐암 조직형 및 LOH 빈도의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론:비소세포폐암에서 MSI는 비교적 흔히 관찰되지만 MMR 유전자의 불활성화에 의한 MMP pathway 는 비소세포폐암의 주요 발생기전은 아닐 것으로 생각된다.향 후 비소세포폐암의 발암과정에 있어서 MMP pathway의 역할을 규명하기 위해서는 보다 많은 예를 대상으로 한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, MSI 발생기전에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: Microsatellite instability(MSI) is frequently used as an indicator of microsatellite mutator phenotype (MMP) tumors.MSI has been observed in a percentage of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).However, its role in tumorigenesis of NSCLC remains unknown.The frequency and partten of MSI in NSCLC were evaluted and clinical parameters of MSI-positive tumors with those of MSS(microsatellite stable) tumors were compared. Materials and Methods: Twenty surgically resected NSCLCs were analyzed for 15 microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3p and 9p.The peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients were used as the source of the normal DNA. Results:1) of 20 cases, 8(40%) demonstrated MSI. 2) Instability was observed more frequently in tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeats that in dinucleotide repeats. In all cases, instability appeared as a shift of individual allelic bands. 3) LOH was observed in 10(50%) of 20 tumors analyzed. 4) Of 20 cases, MSI-H tumor(showing MSI in the majority of markers) was absent. There were 5 MSI-L tumors( showing MSI in a greater than 10% of markers). 5) No significant difference was observed between MSI-L tumors and MSI negative tumors in terms of clinicopathologic features such as pack-year history of smoking, histologic subtype, and (delete) stage of disease.There was also no significant difference in the incidence of LOH in relation to the status of MSI. Conclusion: These data strongly suggest that MSI plays different roles in lung and colon cancer.MMP pathway appears to be far less important in the tumorigenesis of NSCLC, caused mainly by cigarette smoke, with little familial tendency.(tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2000,48:24-32)

구개부에 발생한 다형성선종의 치험례

이창진,김태열,김효언,김희광,전인성,윤규호 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.2

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common of all salivary gland tumors, constituting over 50 per cent of all cases of tumors, and approximately 90 per cent of all benign salivary gland tumors. Since the term mixed tumor' was introduced by Broca for its dual origin of epithelial and mesenchymal elements, the term plemorphic adenoma suggested by Willis characterizes closely the unusual histologic pattern of the lesion. The parotid gland is the most common site but it may occur in any of the salivary glands. It is somewhat more frequent in women and in the fourth to sixth decades, but they are also relatively common in young adult and have been known to occur in children. Treatment of choice is surgical excision. Adequate surgery with safe margin reduce its recurrence rate. We represent a case of pleomorphic adenoma with literature review in 65-year old male occured in the palate. The lesion was successfully treated by surgical excision.

Korean English Teacher's Disempowerment in English-only Classes

Sung-Sam Hwang,Hyo-Sun Seo,Tae-Young Kim 한국사회언어학회 2010 사회언어학 Vol.18 No.1

Hwang, Sung-Sam, SeD, Hyo-Sun, Kim, Tae-Young. 2010. Korean English Teacher's Disempowerment in English-only Classes: A Case Study Focusing on Korea-specific Cultural Aspects. The Sociolinguistic journal of Korea 18(1). In this case study, we have focused on the disempowerment of a Korean English teacher (KET) in English-only classrooms. Six English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms in a Korean high school were observed and analyzed by using interpretive discourse analysis. Out of the six classes, three representative classrooms were both video- and audio-taped. The results show that the English-only classes could weaken the KETs' power via three mechanisms: (a) calling the KETs' last name for choral greetings at the beginning of the class, (b) students' group solidarity and peer pressure between classmates, and (c) the students' excessively collaborative approach to peer assistance. It is argued that the exclusive English-only instruction disempowers the KETs' status and dismantles their vocational identity. In order to remedy the current situation, within a scaffolding supported by the eclectic use of first language where necessary for effective class management, KETs are empowered and overcome constraints imposed by the limited L2 oral competence of some non-native English teachers.

변환영역에서 벡터양자화를 이용한 영상압축기법에 관한 연구

김태효,최재윤 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1994 硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

본 논문은 벡터양자화(vector Quantization, VQ) 방법을 이용한 영상데이타 압축기법을 연구하였다. VQ는, 변환영역에서 에너지특성을 이용하여 영상데이타를 압축하는데 사용된다. 먼저 2차원 이산코사인변환영역(2D DCT domain)에서 에너지분포특성을 기술하고, 수정 제안된 LBG 알고리즘을 적용한 분류벡터양자화(CVQ) 방법으로 영상 부호화한 내용을 설명하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과, 이 방법은 코드북을 이용한 기존의 벡터양자화 방법보다 0.6-0.9bpp 전송범위에서 약 1.0dB 향상된 해상도 특성을 얻을 수 있었음을 나타내었다. This paper is investigated as the image data compession method by means of a vector quantization(VQ). The VQ is used for the image data compression with bit rate reduced by means of the frequency characteristics in transform domain. First, the characteristics of the energy distributions in the 2 dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT) domain is introduced and an image coding with classified vector quantization, based on an improved LBG algorithm, is presented. The computer simulation shows that this proposed method could obtain the better resolution of about 1.0dB in the 0.6-0.9bpp range than that of conventional vector quantization using the codebook.

CoM 및 Subpixel처리에 기반한 블러링 영상의 경계영역 추정

김태효 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 2003 硏究論文集 Vol.21 No.2

본 논문에서는 영상을 획득할 때 발생되는 블러링 영상으로부터 물체 경계영역을 최적으로 검출하기 위해 CoM(Center of Mass)방식과 서브픽셀 처리에 의한 새로운 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 기울기 값과 CoM방식을 적용하기 위해서 램프에지를 일차미분을 사용하여 루프에지의 형태로 변환하였다. 그리고, 서브픽셀단위의 경계위치를 구하기 위해서 CoM의 offset값을 선정된 기준좌표에 더하였다. 제안된 알고리즘을 평가하기 위해서 표준편차 값과 처리시간 그리고 예측되는 에지의 위치를 해석하였다. 그리고, 기존의 알고리즘, Tabatabai, Weight of Gradient방식과 비교하였다. In this Paper, a new edge detector which uses CoM(Center of Mass) method and sub-pixel processing algorithm is proposed to optimally detect the boundry locations of the objects from given blurring by acquiring image. The procedure of this detector is as follows. If an edge is ramp edge, we change it to roof edge by the gradient edge detector. To compute the edge location to sub-pixel resolution, we apply CoM algorithm, then add offset information to the result from CoM procedure. In order to evaluate the performance of this algorithm, we analyzed the standard deviation and the distance between the estimated edge location. We compared the performance with the Tabatabai and Lyvers algorithms.

인공치관용 CaO ·MgO ·2SiO₂-3CaO ·P₂O-MgO ·TiO₂계 Glass-Ceramic의 결정화에 미치는 TiO₂의 영향(I)

김효성,배태성,진영철,이민호 大韓齒科器材學會 1994 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Effects of TiO₂additions on the crystallization behavior of a glass with a composition of 50.0wt% CaO·MgO·2SiO₂-40.0wt% 3CaO·??-10wt% MgO·TiO₂system were investigated by ovserving the microstructure of the crystallized products. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The major crystalline phases are indentified by X-ray diffraction as apatite(??), wollastonite(CaSiO₃), whitlockite[β-Ca₃(PO₄)₂], MgTiO₃and diopside[CaMg(SiO₃)₂]. 2. The glass transition temperature(??) and the softening point(??) are shifted to the lower temperature by increasing of TiO₂content. 3. The apatite and MgTiO₃crystallization are increased by increasing of TiO₂content. 4. The exothermic crystallization peak of MgTiO₃appear in the sample which contained more than 15.6wt% of TiO₂.

메디안필터를 이용한 화상잡음제거에 관한 연구

김태효,권영수 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1994 硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

본 논문은 잡음이 혼입된 화상으로부터 잡음성분을 제거하고, 원하는 신호성분의 데이터를복원하기 위해 에지데이터(edge data)를 보존하는 메디안필터에 관한내용이다. 메디안필터의 몇가지 특성을 이동평균(moving average, MA)필터와 비교하고, 그 잡음특성도 아울러 해석하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션에서, 균일잡음, 가우시안잡음 및 임펄스잡음을 각각 구성된 메디안필터와 MA필터에 가하고, 그 잡음성분을 제거하였다. 각각의 필터구성은 3가지형의 윈도우크기로 하고, 에지특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 메디안필터의 경우가 MA필터의 경우보다 더욱 효과적인 잡음제거특성을 나타내었다. This paper describes the median filter which is used to reduce the noise components from corrupted images and preserve their edge data in order to reconstruct the useful data. Some performances of the median filter was compared with the moving average(MA) filter and analyzed their noise properties. In computer simulation, we added three types of noises. i.e. uniform, Gaussian and impulse noise, then suppressed their noises by the median filter and the MA filter. We also compared the results with the MA filter which has three types of window sizes and investigated the preserving characteristics of the edge data. From the results, we found that the median filter was more effective for noise reduction than the MA filter.

새로운 양성자-펌프 저해제의 합성(2) 및 생리활성 연구

김효정,권태익,박일현 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.24 No.1

For development new anti-ulcer agents, we synthesize proton-pump (H/K-ATPase) inhibitors which inhibit gastric acid secretion at the last step in the parietal cell. These are omeprazole analogues, in which pyridine group replaced by pyrazole moiety, to increase pharmacological activity and to decrease side effects, and we also synthesize substituted benzimidazole rings. The structure of the compounds was identified with ^1H-NMR, M.S. and I.R. The compounds which have 5-substituted benzimidazole show good activity in the following order MeO > Cl > H, and also, 1-benzyl group of pyrazole substituted compounds has inhanced activity.