Antitumor therapeutic and antimetastatic activity of electroporation-delivered human papillomavirus 16 E7 DNA vaccines: a possible mechanism for enhanced tumor control.

Lee, In Hee,Park, Jae-Bok,Cheong, Minseon,Choi, Youn Seok,Park, Daehan,Sin, Jeong-Im Mary Ann Liebert, Inc 2011 DNA and Cell Biology Vol.30 No.12

<P>DNA vaccines are known to be lacking in immunogenicity in humans. Presently, electroporation (EP) is thought to overcome this limitation. Here, we investigate whether human papillomavirus 16 E7 DNA vaccines delivered by EP might elicit potent antitumor activity in animal cervical cancer models, with a focus on the underlying mechanism(s). Intramuscular (IM)-EP delivery of E7 DNA vaccines induced more potent antitumor therapeutic and antimetastatic activity compared with IM delivery. Moreover, the tumor-controlled animals by IM-EP possessed long-term memory responses to parental tumor cells. This improved antitumor effect was concomitant with augmented Ag-specific CTL activities. IM-EP also induced IgG and Th-cell responses higher than IM delivery. Finally, IM-EP resulted in more antigen production in and more attraction of immune cells into the site of DNA injection, suggesting that these biological and immunological changes made by IM-EP might be responsible for enhanced CTL activities and antitumor resistance. Thus, this study shows that IM-EP can induce more potent antitumor activity by augmenting CTL responses possibly through more antigen production in and more attraction of immune cells into the muscle sites. This study also suggests that IM-EP of E7 DNA vaccines might be a potential approach toward treating patients with cervical cancer.</P>

근관세척액의 세포독성 효과

임미경,정희일,오세홍 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1995 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.4 No.1

Balance between antibacterial effectiveness and biocompatibility is important property of root canal irrigation solutions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of irrigation solutions on cultured L929 cells. Seven irrigation solutions and thier serial dilution solution were applied to L929 cells. Radiochromium release of damaged L929 cells after five-minute, thirty-minute and four-hours exposure to each irrigation solutions were monitored using gamma particle counter. L929 cells which were exposed to 1:1 and 1:10 diluted solutions of sodium hypochlorite and cresol for five and thirty minutes showed cytotoxic change. Povidone had cytotoxic effect on L929 cells after five minutes, thirty minutes and four hours. Normal saline, alcohol, Wydex and hydrogen peroxide showed weak cytotoxic effect on L929 cells.

전공의와 전문의의 응급진료 형태에 대한 비교 연구 : 전공의 파업기간을 전후로

이정헌,신임희 한국의료QA학회 2003 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Background : The doctors’ strike was not only a manmade disaster but also a chance to apply a new pattern of emergency medical service for patients. We hope to propose a new pattern of emergency medical service by comparing the patterns of emergency medical service given by resident and staff during the doctors’ strike. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of patients who received emergency medical service in the Emergency Department(ED) of Deagu Catholic University Hospital during 3 days q week prior to the residents’ strike(July 21-23, 2000) with those of patients receiving emergency medical service during the first 3 days of the residents’ strike(July 28-30, 2000). We evaluated the patient’s severity, the cause of the ED visit, the performance on the laboratory study, ECG, and radiological study, the disposition, and the length of ED stay. Also, we compared the collected data by presenting doctor and by patient’s severity. Results : The staff performed fewer tests admitted fewer emergent and non-emergent patients than the residents. Also, the length of ED stay was shorter in both the emergent(212.76 vs. 321.40 minutes) and the non-emergent groups(117.68 vs. 171.39 minutes) for patients presenting to staff. Conclusion : It is desirable that emergency medical service is given by staff, not by resident.

호흡율 측정기를 이용한 폐수의 외부탄소원 이용가능성 평가

최은희,고주형,임정훈,부경민,김창원 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究報 Vol.18 No.-

In this research, we measured Readily Biodegradable COD(Ss) using respiration meter which measured OUR and calculated respiration rate due to calculate organic matter portion of external carbon sources because known organic matter analysis methods i.e. COD, BOD did not measure amount of organic matter which was used in denitrification. Based on the experimental results, leather wastewater had 40.3% Ss in TCOD and food fermentation liquid, alcoholic wastewater and petrochemical wastewater was 38%, 38% and 28.3% respectively. However in case of considering of flowrate and concentration, flood fermentation and alcoholic wastewater was revealed that they were effective external carbon sources

대유행인플루엔자 대비를 위한 의료기관-바탕 탁상훈련 : 고안 및 평가

설희윤,김지량,권보란,목정하,이선희,곽임수,정진우,김정수,고옥배,조은희,김성순,신상숙,이상원 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.2

목적 : 의료기관의 범유행 인플루엔자에 대한 효과적인 대비를 위한 훈련방법으로서 의료기관-바탕 탁상훈련 (hospital based tabletop exercise)의 유용성과 순응도를 평가하기 위해서 시행되었다. 재료 및 방법 : 탁상 훈련은 부산대학교 병원에서 시행되었으며 병원의 주요의사결정권자 및 주요부서 대표자, 실무자 42명이 지휘부, 진료부, 지원부 3그룹으로 나뉘어 훈련에 참가하였다 탁상훈련의 시나리오는 의료기관의 자체 훈련을 위해서 고안하였으며 현재 동남아에서 유행하고 있는 H5N1 인플루엔자가 국내에 처음으로 유입되어 확산되는 과정에서 의료기관에서 발생할 수 있는 상황을 3가지 모듈로 구성하였다. 훈련 평가는 훈련 전후에 각각 익명의 설문조사를 시행하였다. 결과 : 훈련에 초청된 참여자 42명 중 37명(88%)이 실제 당일 훈련에 참여하였다. 훈련에 참여한 37명의 직원 중에서 훈련 전 시행한 설문에 27명(73%)이 응답하였다. 훈련 전 정가에서는 훈련을 통해 획득하고 싶은 지식이나 기술의 우선 순위를 물었으며, 참여자들이 가장 중요하다고 생각하는 항목은 대유행인플루엔자 바이러스에 대한 지식 향상 22%, 병원 각 부서가 취해야 할 계획 및 의사소통과 관련된 지식 향상 19%, 지역사회 병원들 간의 상호협력을 향상시킬 전략 계발이 19%이었다. 그룹토의 동안에는 환자의 조기 발견 이후 대응에 대한 토론이 많았지만, 구체적인 부분이 미흡하였고, 대유행 인플루엔자에 대한 기본적인 이해가 부족하였다. 훈련에 참여한 37명의 직원 중에서 훈련 후 시행한 설문에 21명(57%)이 응답하였다. 훈련 후 평가에서 탁상훈련의 전반적인 만족도에 대한 질문에서 81%가 만족하였다고 답변을 하였고, 새로운 것을 배우는데 유용했는가 대한 질문에도 86%가 유용했다고 답변하였다. 결론 : 탁상훈련은 의료기관의 대유행인플루엔자 대비에 효과적인 훈련방법이라고 생각되며 훈련을 통해 의료기관 내의 여러 부서들이 각 의료기관의 특성에 맞는 현실적이고 실제적인 대비 계획을 수립하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 향후 토른 촉진, 구체적인 결과에 도달을 유도할 수 있는 질문, 끼워넣기 개발, 적절한 시간 등에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : To evaluate the usefulness and compliance of a hospital-based tabletop exercise in setting of pandemic influenza in hospitals. Materials and Methods : Tabletop exercise was held in Pusan National University Hospital and forty two hospital employees were invited to participate in the exercise. The scenario for hospital-based tabletop exercise was designed. It consisted of three modules, which simulated the influx and outbreak of H5N1 influenza that was epidemic in Southeast Asia. Pre-, post-exercise surveys were completed by anonymous questions. Results : Thirty-seven (88%) of 42 invited participants attended exercise. AII members of the administration group and the ancillary services group participated. But, only 77% members of the clinical services group participated. In pre-exercise survey, priorities of eight goals regarding skills and knowledge during exercise were inquired., The highest priorities pointed out by the respondents were "Increase the knowledge of pandemic influenza" (22%), "Development of strategies for optimal communication among employees within specific department" (19%) and "Development of strategies for improved coordination between facilities within the health system" (19%). Twenty-one (57%) of participants completed the post-exercise surveys. At post-exercise surveys, 81% of the participants stated that the tabletop exercise was extremely or very useful, 86% of the participants also stated that it increased their knowledge of pandemic influenza. Conclusion : Tabletop exercise is an effective modality for increasing pandemic influenza preparedness in hospitals, and this method is useful for guiding preparedness activities within the hospital environment. Further studies to determine the appropriate method of discussion, questionnaire, duration of exercise and injection are needed.

직업이 있는 원격대학 학생의 직무스트레스 수준 및 관련 요인

김영임,김정희,이창현 한국방송통신대학교 미래원격교육연구원 2011 평생학습사회 Vol.7 No.2

자기역량개발, 효율적인 업무수행을 위하여 근로자들은 지속적인 교육과 훈련에 대한 요구 등이 기대된다. 따라서 근로자로서 직업과 학업을 병행하는 원격대학생들의 직무스트레스 수준과 그 관련 요인의 이해는 중요하다. 본 연구 결과, 원격대학생의 직무스트레스 수준은 크게 높지 않았으나, 학업을 병행하는 원격대학생들은 학업수행 중 많은 스트레스를 경험하고 있으며, 이는 그들의 학업수행 등과 관련되는 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로 직무스트레스 수준이 높은 학생들의 특성을 고려하여 이들을 표적으로 한 스트레스 대처전략이나 시간관리 등에 교육이 필요하며, 학생 특성을 세분화 학습지원전략 혹은 맞춤지원서비스 등이 요구된다. The purpose of this study was to identify job stress-related factors of distant education students having job. The participants were 458 students from Jeju campus of Korean National Open University. The data were collected from April to June 2010 using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and stepwise regression analysis. The mean score of job stress was not high; the highest was job demand, the second was organizational system, and the lowest was occupational climate. The result of affecting factors on job stress were more significant in the junior college graduates than college ones, in majoring natural science, without learning supporters, and having difficulties during study, fatigue, shifting work pattern, working times, or with lower job status. The distant education students' job stress was not so high, but this study shows needs to manage high job stress students group properly. It will be needed to develop supportive program based on the tailored and specialized study supporting strategies for those each characteristic group.

산재지정병원 이용 후 산재요양환자에 대한 만족도 조사

이화평,임형준,주영수,권영준,강희태,김정민,조성식,이태경,윤종완 대한산업의학회 2007 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.19 No.3

민들레 잎과 뿌리 분말을 첨가한 설기떡의 품질 특성

유경미,김세희,장정화,황인경,김경임,김성수,김영찬 한국조리과학회 2005 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

In order to develop a dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) with natural food applications, the effects of dandelion leaves and roots powder content on the physical, textural and sensory properties of sulggidduk were examined. Dandelion powders of leaves and roots at 0, 1, 2 and 3% were added to the dandelion sulgidduk. In the dandelion roots powder in sulgidduk, the color intensity of L values and the values and moisture content decreased however, the sensory color intensity, dandelion flavor and overall acceptability increased with increasing the dandelion powder content. The sensory overall acceptability indicated the dandelion roots powder content at 3% had the highest overall and flavor scores. As the dandelion leaves content was increased, the moisture contents, lightness, adhesiveness and cohesiveness of sulggidduk decreased, while the sensory color intensity, sensory hardness, hardness of texture properties and dandelion flavor increased. The addition at 1% of the dandelion leaves powder content with the dandelion sulggidduk and the addition at 3% of the dandelion roots powder content with the dandelion sulggidduk showed the highest overall acceptability.

초·중·고등학교 학생, 학부모, 일반교사의 보건교육 요구

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2004 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify needs of health education of the students, parents, general teachers, and health teacher of the elementary, middle, and high schools. Method : 279 schools of elementary, middle, and high school were sampled nonproportionally during the period from June 28 to July 26, 2004 . The data were collected by the questionnaire from 1,888 students, 1,876 parents, 1,695 general teachers, 279 health teachers. A frequency, % and χ2-test were used to analysis by SAS program. Result : 1. It showed that 98.1% of elementary school students, 92.3% of middle school students, 89.6% of high school students answered that they need health education. The most of students, parents, and general teachers had high interests in health education. 2. In the case of students, main causes of needs of health education was 'to prevent diseases or accidents''. But parents answered that it was 'to build up a healthier behavior'. General teachers answered that it was 'more effective systematic and continuous health education'. 3. Over 80% of students, parents, and general teachers about the question of who qualified person is to teach health education as a regular class responded that health teacher is available. Especially 93% of elementary school students answered like that. 4. The most of students, parents, and general teachers answered that health education in the classroom is favorable 1 to 2 hours per week. Conclusion : As results of the study , the majority of students, parents, general teachers agreed needs of health education. Therefore, on the basis of this study, systematic and continuous health education is necessary. Additionally the establishment of independent health subject is required certainly.

초·중·고등학교 학생·학부모·일반교사의 보건교육 영역별 요구도와 보건교육

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2005 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of health education in students, their parents and teachers in the elementary, middle and high schools and the current situation of health education class. Method: The subjects of this study were a total of 9450 persons including students, their parents and teachers from 279 schools throughout the country. They were selected through convenient sampling. Data were analyzed through x^(2)­test and ANOVA. Result: Students, their parents and teachers replied that 18 dimensions of health education class (DHEC) are necessary. The four DHEC - healthier life style, sex education, mental health and safety education - showed high educational needs in students, their parents, and teacher. High school students had higher educational need of 'symptom management for daily living' than elementary and middle school students. Students, their parents and teachers in elementary school had higher educational needs of 17 DHEC that those in middle and high school. The percentages of schools with health education class taught by health teachers were 99.2%, 75.5% and 66.0% respectively in elementary, middle and high schools. Health education was given mainly using physical education classes at elementary schools, and creative class hours at middle and high schools. In general, health education took 1-3 hours per week at elementary schools, and less than an hour at middle and high schools. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the results, systematic health education class should begin from elementary school to meet the need of health education in students, their parents and teachers, and further study should be made on the number of hours required and the amount of contents of 18 DHEC.