조기분만 및 만기분만 산모 모유의 젖당, 단백질, 총지질 함량에 관한 비교 연구

안홍석,배현숙 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

The lactose, total nitrogen and total lipid contents of human breast milk were determined longitudinally after preterm and term deliveries. Milk samples were obtained from day 2 to 5, on weeks 1, 2, 4, and 6 after preterm (PM : n = 24) and term (TM : n = 22) deliveries. The lactose contents of PM and TM increased from 5.28 g/dl and 5.93 g/dl at days 2 to 5, to 7.95 g/dl, 7.87 g/dl at 6 weeks, respectively. The total nitrogen contents of PM and TM decreased significantly during the first 6 weeks after birth (from 374 to 220 mg/dl versus 382 to 220 mg/d, respectively). However the total lipid contents of the PM and TM increased during the same periods. Significant differences in the total lipid contents between the PM and TM were 2.15 versus 3.27 g/dl at 2 weeks, and 3.26 versus 2.52 g/dl at 6 weeks, respectively. The energy intakes of preterm infants was 134.8 kcal/kg/d during the 6 weeks of lactation, which satisfied with energy requirements (85-130 kcal/kg/d) of the preterm infants.

흡연, 비흡연 여고생의 일반적인 특성과 인생태도 비교

안황란,오현숙 대한간호학회정신간호학회 2002 정신간호학회지 Vol.11 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare on the general characteristics and the life-position of smoking and nonsmoking school girl students. The subjects for this study were 80 smoking and 105 nonsmoking school girl students. Data were collected from July 12, 2001 to February 28, 2002 and were measured by using life-position instrument. The data were analyzed by an SPSS/PC+ Windows(version 9.0) computerized program and included x^(2) test and t-test to comparison on the general characteristics and the life-position of smoking and nonsmoking school girl students. As the result, general characteristics affecting on the smoking and nonsmoking school girl students were type of housing, type of family, economy, education of father and mother, satisfaction about school, evaluation of smoking, experience of smoking family. And the life-position affecting on the smoking and nonsmoking school girl students were 'I'm OK, I'm not OK, You are OK.' In conclusion, 8 factors of 10 general characteristics affected on the smoking and smoking school girl students were more negative life-position than nonsmoking school girl students.

초피 용매 추출물의 항산화성 및 항균성에 관한 연구

안명수,원종숙,김현정,한미남 한국식생활문화학회 2004 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

The antioxidative and antimicrobial activity were carried on the Chopi(Zanthoxy1um pippentum) extracts by six kinds of solvents in order to find out new natural food additives. Six solvents were used methano(MeOH), n-hexan(hexane), chloroform(CHCl_(3)), ethylacetate(EtOAc), buthano(BuOH), and water(water and methoanol extract(MEex), hexan extract(HEex), chloroform extract(CHex), ethylacetate extract(EAex), and buthanol extract(BUex), water extract(WAex). The antioxdative activities of them extracts were determined by peroxide value(POV), conjugated diene value(CDV) of corn germ oil storaged for 30 days at 60±2℃. These extracts were added as 0.02, 0.1, 0.2% of each extracts and compared with a-tocopherol, and BHT. The antioxidative activities of 0.02% extract were as follows in decreasing order BUex >WAex, BHT, MEex>HEex, EAex, CHex>TOC, and control. While, BUex and CHex among these extracts were shown to be had antimicrobial effects on the microorganism such as Escheria coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Psedomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Finally to find out the preference of chopi we had made Yugwanzageon (a kind of shallow fried meat ball )by adding chopi powder. The result were similar to control( not added chopi powder ) in case of 0.1% chopi adding Yugwanzageon . (p<0.05) therefore it was thought to be possible that chopi powder was used Yugwanzageon preperation.

우리 나라의 정부회계제도에 관한 연구

안현숙,강승모 거제전문대학 1998 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Governmental accounting has non-profit accounting which is characteristic of budget accounting and fund accounting. The korean governmental accounting has no regular or normal basis of governmental accounting, and has the cash basis of accounting and single-entry bookkeeping system, and lacks integrity and clarity of accounting because the number of special accounting and fund are too large. There is a big problem in the aspect of the usefulness of accounting information in the korean governmental accounting because of no making out the financial statement. As a result, the measurement, bookkeeping, and report have to be made by accural accounting in the korean governmental accounting system like that of the U.S.A. and the basis of governmental accounting has to include accounting principles which has the basis of business accounting.

품종별 부추 추출물의 항산화성 및 항균성

안명수,김현정,서미숙 한국식생활문화학회 2005 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.20 No.2

The antioxidative and antimicrobial activities were carried on the leeks (Allium tuberosun R.) ethanol extracts in order to find out new food functional components. Three species of leeks used in this study were Chinese leek(long type, LL), general leek(medium type, LM), and medicinal leek (short type, LS). Total amounts of polyphenol compounds in LS was shown as the highest (436.60㎎%) value. All of ethanol extracts of these leeks were shown to be had good electron donating ability(EDA) and nitrite scavenging activity. Specially, the ethanol extract of LS(LSEx) had the highest EDA 30.47% and nitrite scavenging activity 77.24% and the lowest was LMEx. The antioxidative activities of these ethanol extracts on the corn germ oil were measured by peroxide values(POV) and conjugated diene values (CDV) storaging for 30 days at 60±2℃. The antioxidative activities of these extracts by POV and CDV were determined as following order as LSEx> LLEx> LMEx. The antioxidative activities of all extracts were presented as high tendency by increasing adding amounts (0.02%〉0.05%〉0.1%). When the antioxidative activities were compared with BHT and a-tocopherol, the degree of the antioxidative activities of these extracts were certified as lower than BHT and higher than a-tocopherol. And also LSEx, LMEx, and LLEx had antimicrobial effects on the several micro organisms, especially the effect on the Pseudomonas aeruginasa was remarkable. While LMEx had shown inhibit effect on most of micro organism used in this study.

효율적인 의사소통 능력 함양을 위한 영어동화 활용 방안

김숙희,안소현 대구대학교 2005 대구대학교 학술논문집 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study is to improve English communicative ability using various short stories that are widely available in Korea. These short stories have contained many enriched cultural knowledge giving and creating the sense of reality to all language learners. In the study, the fundamental concepts of storytelling developed by several scholars are defined in order to set the background. Various reading materials useful in improving English communicative ability and their methodologies in applying these materials are also examined. The listening, speaking, reading and writing skills were tested in the beginning part of the study to compare their results for both groups. The results after adding short stories in their lesson plans for experiment group are compared with the results of the control group. The significant results are obtained: Firstly, by using short stories in their lessons, students have achieved extensive understanding of culture other than their own. It further has help them to improve their language skills significantly in the order of reading, writing and listening. Secondly, the students have gained self-confidence in learning and expressing English language through the use of short stories. Lastly, through the use of short stories as a powerful resource of language teaching, students were highly motivated in their learning. As shown, if only the short stories are used effectively in their learning process, it is reasonable to conclude that these materials obviously have linguistic benefits to enable students to improve their communicative skills in all areas. 효과적인 영어 수업 개발의 일환으로 영어 동화를 활용하여 유용한 문장표현을 습득하고 기초적인 영어를 이해할 뿐만 아니라 능숙하게 표현할 수 있는 방법을 모색하기 위해 아동들이 흥미와 자신감을 가지고 자연스럽게 영어를 습득할 수 있도록 도움을 주는 수업모형을 연구하고, 그 성과를 검증해 볼 필요성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 영어 동화를 통한 효과적인 수업모형을 교수-학습에 적용하여 나타나는 아동들의 인지적 영역 및 정의적 영역에 미치는 영향과 효율성을 객관적인 통계를 바탕으로 밝힌다. 연구의 종합적 결과 분석에 의하면 몇 가지 제한점이 있으나 초등 영어 교육에 있어서 동화를 활용한 수업지도 방법은 교과서 중심의 일반적 수업보다 인지적 측면과 정의적 측면에서 긍정적인 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 따라서 아동들의 영어의 표현 능력 뿐 만 아니라, 흥미와 자신감을 고취시키는 효율적인 방안으로 영어 수업의 흥미를 유발시키고 현 생활에 유용한 표현과 내용을 포함한 영어 동화의 개발과 꾸준한 수업 활용을 제안한다.

항암화학요법 관련 오심과 구토 완화를 위한 비약물요법에 관한 연구동향

소향숙,최자윤,조인숙,김영재,김지영,김애숙,김옥미,김춘심,김현오,설영애,안정옥,이애리,이영자 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to understand the current trends on complementary therapy in relieving chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to suggest the future research direction. Method: Subjects were selected on CINAHL, MEDLINE, Korean Academy Data Base from 1980 to 2001 which used nausea, vomiting, chemotherapy and complementary therapy as key words in experimental studies. Eight korean articles and twenty-one international articles were analyzed in terms of general characteristics, research methods, and types of complementary therapy. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods. Result: Since 2000, researchers have more actively used complementary therapy. In subject characteristics, mean age was 35.5 years old, 45% of the researchers were performed with high level of incidence of chemotherapy induced vomiting, 14% of them set limit of consecutive cycle during research, and 65% of them did not comment the selecting criteria of sample. About 60% of them were designed post-test only control group: 35% used INV by Rhodes, 31% used Likert scale, and 24% used VAS for dependent variable. Muscle relaxation therapy was mostly applied for relief of nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Further studies will be needed to control extrinsic variables affecting nausea and vomiting in research design and to accumulate evidence with studies applying various complementary therapies.

한국 성인에서 색도플러 초음파를 이용한 척추동맥 혈류량의 정상치

홍현숙,차장규,박성진,조준희,박재성,김대호,이혜경,안현철 대한초음파의학회 2003 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.22 No.3

불확실성 개념에 관한 연구

오현숙,안황란 충남대학교 간호과학연구소 2005 충남대 간호학술지 Vol.8 No.1

Purpose: The study has been conducted to identify conceptual system uncertainty of Americans and to compare conceptual system of Americans with that of koreans in 1999. Method: The major questions to get qualitative data was “Please list three items(words or sentences) in the order as they occur to you when you think about uncertainty.” And 7 additive open -ended question were used to enhance the reliability and validity. Data analysis involved three levels of increasing complexity and abstractness with a grouping process of concept with meaning and value to form a more abstract and a greater in scope. Result: Initial level l grouping with listed words or setences yields 14 distinct categories : relationship / family / time / health / trenscental power / life / luck / emotion / society / confusion / doubt / unawareness / unpredictability / others. Categories of confusion was new categories identified from this study in comparing with those categories in Koreans in 1999. Categories of subjectivity was not identified from this study. Level two abstraction with the above 14 categories from level one grouping yields the categories of 'subjectivity of uncertainty', 'outcome', and 'social environment'. The final abstraction yields the greatest concepts in scope of 'human', 'environment', 'concurrent concept'. Conclusion: The results could provide theoretical support on the universarity of the concept of uncertainty.

麻黃의 사람 비점막 섬유아세포 monocyte chemotactic protein 중 MCP - 1 , MCP - 2 , 및 MCP - 3 분비에 대한 효과

김현미,이향숙,김정선,조정제,유영천,안현종,최훈,임강현 대한본초학회 2002 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.17 No.1

Recent reports have proposed that Ephedrae Herba may modulate the immune response on allergy or asthma. Human nasal mucosal fibroblasts are a rich source cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and chemokines. Chemokines are important for the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of infection, which is essential in host defense. Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Ephedrae Herba on the release of the chemokines such as monocyte chemotactic protein(MCP)-1, MCP-2, and MCP-3 in human nasal mucosal fibroblasts after stimulation with cytokines like tumor necrosis factor -α(TNF-α), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), and interleukin -1β(IL-1β).