강원도 화천군 수달(Lutra lutra) 서식지의 식생 구조

서형수 ( Hyung Soo Seo ),신영섭 ( Young Seob Shin ),이경은 ( Kyung Eun Lee ),김윤미 ( Yoon Mi Kim ),전미나 ( Mina Jeon ),남택우 ( Taek Woo Nam ),한성용 ( Sung Yong Han ),정연숙 ( Yeonsook Choung ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.special

In order to determine whether vegetation would be one of the factors for the selection of otter home range, vegetation structure and other potential factors were studied in Hwacheon, Korea. Thirteen sites, otter’s activity found and not found, were investigated in North Han River and connected tributary streams of Hwacheon-gun. Three types of vegetation were classified by cluster analysis, which is short grass, tall grass and shrub type. Vegetation zone of each channel is composed of either one type, or mosaic of tall grass and shrub type. Short grass type is common in Lake Paro and upper North Han-river where water level is highly variable throughout a year. Therefore, annual species such as Persicaria nodosa, Fimbristylis dichotomam and Chenopodium ficifolium are the most dominant. Shrub type is common at the downstream sites of Jichon stream and along mainstream of North Han River down Lake Paro. A shrub species, Salix koreensis, is the most common. Tall grass type is dominant occupying the most vegetation zone of the tributary channels. Phragmites japonica is absolutely dominant. Due to its dense cover, a few plant species are co-existed. Otter activity was found in all three vegetation types and no marked activity was found at some sites of tall grass type. There is no difference in species composition and physiognomy between tall grass sites with and without otter activity, while it shows significant difference in fish availability between two groups. Overall we found that home range of otters in the region is along the mainstream and downstream of tributary streams with high fish availability in all vegetation types and in various human activity levels.

하루 콩단백질 25g 섭취를 위한 메뉴작성 및 영양성분 분석

한재숙,김정애,서봉순,이연정,서향순,조연숙,한경필,이신정,오옥희,우경자,조은자,구성자,김수진,李承彦,南出隆久 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop menus for daily intake of 25g soybean protein and to analyse nutrients of these foods. Analytical values were compared to the theoretical one using the food composition table and recommended dietary allowances for Koreans (7th revision). The results are as follows. 1. Soybean curd residue stew, Soybean curd, Kimchi saute, and hard boiled soybean and lotus root were selected for the menu for January, of which the content of soy bean protein(SBP) was 33.1g, soybean stew, soybean curd and soybean sprout saute, and Italian deep fried soybean curd were for February, of which the content of SBP was 35.0g. The content of SBP in soybean paste soup with soybean curd, fried soybean curd and fried soybean curd roll, the menu for March, was 24.9g. That of April were soybean curd gratin with soymilk, soybean curd and ham with garlic dressing and the content of SBP was 26.3g. That of May were soybean porridge, soybean flour cake with honey (Dasik), soybean sprout soup and the content of SBP was 26.7g. That of June were soymilk, pan-fried soybean curd, steamed soybean curd with chicken and the content of SBP was 28.4g. That of July were noodle with soymilk, mapatofu, soybean curd salad and the content of SBP was 24.7g. That of August were soybean sprout with mustard dressing, Tossed green pepper with raw soybean flour, Tofu and Kimchi stew, soybean curd steak and the content of SBP was 26.2g. That of September were Chinese cabbage soup with raw soybean flour, sweet and sour tofu and the content of SBP was 23.2g. That of Oct. were Fermented soybean stew, soybean pan cake and the content of SBP was 24.3g. That of November were not-pressed soybean curd casserole, pan-fried mashed soybean curd with egg, stir frying deep-fried soybean curd with vegetables and the content of SBP was 22.4g. That of December were soybean curd and mushroom casserole, fried soybean curd and vegetables, hard boiled soybean curd and the content of SBP was 28.9g. 2. The ratio of the analytical value over theoretical value (A/B%) of one serving in kcal, carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash and dietary fiber were 57.7~107.7%, 42.9~131.9%, 79.2~118.3%, 54.5~100%, 40.7~80.8% and 42.1~113.2%, respectively. 3. The ratio of A/B% of one serving in Ca, K, Na, P and Fe were 44.1~93.6%, 59.0~153.1%, 53.1~117.7% 64.6%~138.8 and 33.8~77.3%, respectively. That in Fe was the lowest among minerals. 4. The ratio of analytical value over Korean R.D.A(A/C%) in Ca was relatively higher (22.0~85.9%) than that in kcal(18~63%). 5. The ratio of A/C% in Fe was 25.1~64.3% and lower than that in Ca and protein in general.

슬러지 전처리와 고농도 MBR을 이용한 슬러지 감량화 공정연구

한규철,염익태,정우진,김형수 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.4

From this research, the performances of a sludge reduction in the sewage sludge aerobic digestion was experimented by using a sludge pretreatment and membrane bioreactor. The submerged plate membrane was used as the solid-liquid separation membrane . After drawing small amounts of sludge in a bioreactor and then doing the alkaline treatment and ozone treatment, the sludge was sent to back to the reactor. The HRT in the reactor was set as 5 days and the operation in the reactor was carried out at the DO of 1㎎/L on average. After 100 days of operation in the reactor, it was shown that the reduction efficiency of total solids was more than 83%. Most of volatile solids were removed through mineralization, and the considerable portion of the nonvolatile solids was dissolved and then flowed out with the effluent. Only about 16.3% of total solids in the sludge was accmulated in the reactor even without the loss of volatile fraction. Also, by deriving nitrification and denitrification in one reactor simultaneously, more than 90% of nitrogen removal effect was realized and the experiment was run smoothly without fouling of membrane, even in the high concentration of MLSS. Based on this experiment. sludge can be reduced considerably at a low HRT by these two newly suggested approach.

저질에 따른 꼬막(Tegillarca granosa)의 염분내성

한경호,진동수,추은경,이우범,이원교 國立 麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2000 環境硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The present study was conducted to know the salinity tolerance of the bloody clam, Tegillarca granosa (Linnaeus) caught in Gang-jin Bay from May to June in 2000. In the experimental groups of sandy-mud, the survival and infiltration rate were not bad at 20~40ppt, but all the bloody clam, Tegillarca granosa died at more than 50ppt and less than 10ppt before the experiment finish. In the experimental groups of muddy, the survival and infiltration rate wrer not bad at 20~35ppt and then 40ppt, 45ppt. All the bloody clam, Tegillarca granosa died at more than 50ppt and less than 10ppt. The infiltration rate was high at 25~35ppt in the both of two experimental groups. In the sandy-mud, the bloody clam, Tegillarca granosa infiltrated less than half of their shells at 25ppt, 30ppt but in the muddy, they infiltrated more than half of their shells at 25ppt, 30ppt, 35ppt.

저장기간에 따른 3개 수종의 종자 및 발아 특성 변화

한심희,김찬수,장석성,이현주,탁우식 한국농림기상학회 2004 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.6 No.3

This study was conducted to examine the changes in the seed physical characters and germinative properties of three tree species at three different storage times in order to determine the most suitable storage time and condition. Seed physical characters and germinative properties were examined from seeds of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Staphylea bumalda that were stored at -18C for 1, 3 and 10 years, and the growth performance and physiological characters of their seedlings were analyzed. Seed physical characters and germinative properties showed significant differences between three storage times as well as three tree species. Seed moisture content of F. rhynchophylla and S. bumalda and seed fresh weight of Z. schinifolium decreased with increase of storage time. Storage time represented negative correlation with moisture content and fresh weight (r = -0.822, p < 0.01). Seed percent germination of Z. schinifolium and S. bumalda stored for 3 and 10 years decreased less than 15% and 10.7% respectively. Mean germination times for seed of F. rhynchophylla, Z. schinifolium and S. bumalda were delayed 11.9, 5.7 and 9.7 days after a storage time of 10 years, respectively. However the growth and viability of seedlings didn't show a special pattern for storage time and tree species.

조직확장기 사용의 임상적 고찰

한흥수,김우경,김수신,백세민 大韓成形外科學會 1991 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.18 No.1

Recently, soft tissue expansion technique using tissue expanders has become a popular method for reconstruction of soft tissue defect because it provides high quality tissue with similar color, texture and hair bearing characteristics without significant donor site problems. During the period September, 1983 to December, 1988, we used tissue expanders to treat 36 patients with soft tissue defect, 3 scalp, 10 face, 6 neck, 4 trunk, 10 upper extremity, 3 lower extremity and evaluated the operative techniques, results and complications as follows. 1. We achieved favorable results in 31 cases(86.1%), especially in scalp, face and upper extremity, but poor results in lower extremity, especially below knee in location. 2. We experienced major complications in 2 cases(5.6%) such as implant exposure and minor complications in 7 cases(19.4%) such as hematoma, partial necrosis, infection, underlying bony depression etc. 3. Capsular excision is not desirable, but capsular release may permitted to acquire maximal length of the advancing flap. 4. In case of microtia, expanded tissue which was obtained from expanders is defficient for elevation of framework without skin graft. 5. Accurate and meticulous preoperative evaluation is the most important factor in achieving good and results.

靑少年의 社會 및 國家意識에 關한 調査와 그 强化策

李宇榮,金相漢,韓點洙,洪亮杓 慶北大學校 平和問題硏究所 1977 평화연구 Vol.2 No.-

1. Problems Our people and nation are in serious ordeal and also aur concentration of attention and effort to overcome the ordeal are, we can say, very praisable. The violent changes in the aspects of politics, culture, society and economy are at last exposed of the danger of loss of our values. In such changing social phenomena, we with no exception are all experiencing the morbidness caused by them. It is exactly the Yu-Shin (Revitalizing Reform in 1971) and Saemaul(New Community Movement) that supplied and showed the direction of nation-state as r revolution in climate of unestablishment of new values with loss of old ones. It can be true tht we have reaped great fruits in political, economic, social and cultural fields in such hard environments. Then it is very useful project not only in academic and policy-reponse fields, but also in education areas that we try to survey and analyze the Juvenile's response to the national mevements and the changes of concious-structures. 2. Purposes The purposes of the study are: ① to grasp the reality of the Juveniles' view of value by sex, region, age etc., ② to review their responses to government's achievements, policy and its direction, ③ and to diagnose their approach to desirable view of values and degree of achievement. We belive in that concious-reality whcih we can find in process the study will be very important materials to education-policy. 3. Study-methods ① We did survey and analysis of juvenile's veiw of values. ② We set the juveniles of whole nation as the mother group, however, excluding bipolar ones such as Seoulities and the juveniles living in islands and remote hamlet, finally selected the objects of three regions such as Kyeong sang, Chung Cheong and Cheol Ra regions and compared them by various dimensions. Except for detail-survey of Kyung Buk province, we set the objects of students of 3rd grade of sr. high school, professional school (Jr. College) and college in other regions, and surveyed subregionally by large city, medium size city and ruralfishing villages, and by sex. ③ Total number of the surveyed is 3,229 and by regionally, they are 1,725 in Kyung Sang, 616 in chung cheong and 888 in Cheol Ra. ④ The questionairs are handed directly by surveyers and colloected on the spot as soon as they are filled out. ⑤ The view of value by social strata and response degree to policy are tested by %² including the differences among regions, sexes, ages and ect., and to the question required quantitative evaluation, we gave +10, +5, 0, -5, -10 pionts as consent-dissent continuum and calculated the mean number and to other questions, the responses were shown by %. 4. the Juvenile's social and collective life ① Social and collective life of the Juvenile is relatively good in social-conciousness. The view or moral-order was shown 5.31 of f(R)/N. Generally juveniles are answered "waiting for one's turn" in the line at the station of public transit. Girls are shown to be a little better-observer in public order than boys, and teenagers better than the twenties. The view on law-abiding is shown 3.97 of f(R)/N and generally in case of minor offence, they expressed around "be shame". Criminal conciousness is getting stronger from large city to rural and fishing village. There are great differences between the two. Girls are stronger in the conciousness than boys and teenagers stronger than twenties. It is particularly a problem that twenties' f(R)/N is less than 1.72 and theyt are inclining to "may commit so". To the degree of success in the Reform of General Administrative Affairs by our government, f(R)/N is shown 4.94, responding generally "there are a bit fruitful". To the question, degree of recognition is getting stronger to rural-fishing village. Male is stronger than female and teenagers stronger than twenties. And in the hot-bed of corruption, enterprises and tax office are shown 29.63%, and politician 23.27%. General administrative office, judicial and police offices are high in distrust in rural-fishing villages, and tax office, enterprises and politician are getting higher in distrust to larger cities, however, educational institutions are high of trust in medium-size city. Judicial office, enterprises, tax-office, education instution and politician are in high ofdistrust by female, and general administrative office is in high of distrust by male. Teenagers are in side distrust in judicial, police, enterprise and education institutions, and twenties are in side of distrust in general administration and politician. And degree of trust in shamanism is low of 4,76, generally selecting"almost deny", rural-fishing village, female and twenties are higher trust on superstition than large city, male and teenager respectively. The view on national value is shown 2.42. In the village, female, and twenties, cohesion is shown stronger than in city, male and twenties respectively. ② In measurement of juvenile's conciousness on inter-relationship, they are strong in degree of participation of family and community affairs, but in conciousness on collective life, unsatisfactory. They degree of satisfaction in family life is 4.68, generally "in side of satisfaction". It is getting more satisfaction from the villages to large cities. Juveniles in the villages seem to be much unsatisfied with their family, and females than males and twenties than teenagers are higher in satisfaction. Participation degree in community affairs is shown 8.00, generally close to "active participation". Villager than city-dweller and teenagers than twenties are higher in conciousness of participation. The degree of non-alienation from collective life is 2.71 showing the response of "relativelly no particular alienation" and "so on so" generally. Villager than citizen, male than female and twenties than teenagers are higher in alienation. The degree of acception of individual idea in collective life is shown 1.81, close to "so on so". Male's unsatisfaction is higher a little. Their preferable occupations are in priority of production enterprises(28.73%), public service(26.32%) and agriculture-forestry(19.23%). The popular occupations are agriculture-forestry and public service in rural-fishing villages, production-enterprises in medium -size cities and commerce-industry in large cities. Males are favorable to take agriculture-forestry, production and free enterprise and females are to bublic servidce. For teenager, agriculture-forestry and public service are high in priority and for twenties other areas of occupation are high. ③ In conciousness on traditional culture and identity, they are supporting the thought of "loyalty and filial piety", showing 5.36 and generally selected "It is great view on social order though required a lot of revision". females and teenagers are more active on the though required a lot of revision". Females and teenagers are more active on the thought than males and twenties respectively. The capability of foreign affairs in aspects of independent diplomacy was measured to 2.25 barely approaching to "be seen independent efforts". Trust was seen in females, teenagers and the villagers. In cultural conciousness, national superiority was shown very apparently as 28.67%. ④ In aspects of democratic and national conciousness, they showed the degree of satisfaction at democratic society. It was measured through the fruits of Yu-Shin Reform and resulted in 2.17, responding better in females, teenagers and the rural than in males, tweenties and the urban. On 6 years of current term of congressmen, 45.46% responded on "too long", 38.24% on "ordinary" while in rural-fishing villages, they showed high support of 48.90% selecting"appropriate". Many urbans are on "too long" (49.51% in large cities and 49.62% in medium). 44.04% out of females showed the response of "appropriate" while 47.22% of males did that of "too long". 44.43% of teenagers responded "appropriate" while 53.13% of twenties did "too long". National conciousness measured through "degree of confident explanation on national flag" was shown 2.87, responding "can explain to a certain extent" and "can explain" as medium quantity. The villagers, males and teenagers are shown high confidence of it. To the present big increase in national power, juveniles resopnded high motive of "people's self-conciousness" and "great leader" while female showed relatively hgh response on "New Community Movenment" and "Result of education" and so on. teenagers showed "great leader" and twenties did "Result of Education". The view of ideal nation measured through "approach to welfare state" showed 3.87, close to "be seen the effort for welfrare state". The villager, female and teenager showed high response to the positive side. as the way of education how to plant Korean Democracyh among the people they replied "Explaining Korean particular environments" is most useful as 41.40%. Juveniles in medium-size cities, males and twenties showed mainly the above answer. The patriotic attitudes measured through participation of nationa defense showed 8.47, responding close to "participate battle immediately". It can be said very active response that significant number of females selected the attitudes of "support in rear theater". The villagers, males and teenagers are strong in loyalty. If we consider females' particularity, we cannot say they are weaker in loyalty. However it is very considerable that there are responses of "may decide on the scene then", "immigrate abroad" and "negociate with enemy and live together though a few. We are sure that our goverment be required educate and enlighten them immediately. 5. Juvenile's view of Security and National Unification ① Through the measurement of conciousness on communism the surveyer saw that critical ability and attitudes of it is the nearest short cut to anti-communism a key to victory over it. In this dimension, the surveyer analyzed sources of knowledge from masscom 971.47%) and exposed the weak points on lectures and those on government's activities of public information, while rising of masscom's importance. The comparison of South-North living standards showed that 51.34% responded "South Korea is much superior" and 35.08% "superior". Then total 87% of juveniles are on our superio9rity and the rest (13%) showed "equal" or "don't know". In large cities "superiority" was low in % of males and twenties. The confidence in pursuading North Korean on our democratic society's strong points was shown 73.55% of "be confident". However it is very insufficient in education on communism that out 87% of "Our superiority", some 13% are not confident in pursuasion. 13.47% are shown "will decide on the spot to meet" and 5.85% "need not pursuade". The villager, male and teenager have strong response to the above 7.6% of "national symbols". Legality of national foundation" for the urbans and males and twenties "legitimacy of the country" for villagers, and "national culture" for females and teenagers are shown as the grounds of the legitimacy. ② The conciousness of national security measured through the question on aug. 18 Incident(1976) at Pan Mun Jeom appeared following; the causes of the Incident are shown in order of "domestic unstability of North Korea" 928.92%) "shifting responding dissent, 48.77% are on " a little humiliating" and 21.12% are on "utter humiliating". Only 23% showed satisfaction at the counteraction. They showed youthful active counteraction of purnishment, however, it also may cause some anti-American or uncredibility over United States. By region, sex and age, the re3sponses were diffeent greatly. Juvenile's predictions on the possibility of Sino-Soviet Support in case of total war are following; some 80% calculate psychologically that both China and Russia will surely support North Korea militarily and materially, 45.09%, "material support by both". To the way of spritutal militarization, they responded in order of "introduction of North Kjorean affairs" (29.48%), "explanation of N. K's attitudes"(26.20%), "education on N.K's strategy to the South"(20.50%), "to criticize communist thory"(17.96%) and so on. Different responses among regions, sexs and ages are apparent. The Juvenile's pride to foreigner is shown 0.92% of f(R)/N, a little higher to "equality". Villagers are relatively high, medium-size urbans are lowest, and females and teenagers are high in pride to foreigners. ③ To the question on Unification time as one of the conciousnesses of Unification, they responded in order of "impossible forever" (40.16%), "in 30 years"(23.59%) and "in 10 years" (17.99%). It is very undesirable that possibility of Unification is renounced gradually among juveniles. Juveniles are in deadly need of education and enlightenment on increase of Unification conciousness. Differences among the given variable are very apparent. In large city, females and twenties, the re3nunciation is shown greatly. The reasons of Unification are shown in order of "single-nation" (36.38%), "political stability"(32.48%), "preferable to international competition"(20.53%) and so on. Urbans of large cities, males, twenties responded "preferable to Int'l competition", female did "political stability" and teenagers did "single-nation". To "the factors of obstacles to Unification" are shown "antagonistic ideologies" (64.16%), interest situations among Big Four" (18.14%), "North Korean reluctance"(9.60%)and so on. "Interest Situation among Big Four" is shown in large cities and twenties, "N.K's reuctance" in males and teenagers. and "antagonistic ideologies" in females. The ways of Unification are appeared in "economic development"(46.67%). "South-North Dialogue" (26.72%) and so on. "S.N Dialogue" in the villagers, females and teenagers, "Military March for Unification" in males, and "none available" in twenties are expressed relatively high. 6. Conclusion As mentioned above, social conciousness among juvenile is generally good, however, their alienation may be problematic a bit and capabbilty to foreign countries and national conciousness on democratic society are insufficient. However, defence conciousness is highly praisable. That the main sources on communism appeared to be masscom is required to reconsider. Juvenile's view of superiority in living to the North is very confident attitudes and their demandes of more information on North Korean reality and their attitdes toward S. N. Talk as a way of spiritual strengthening is needed to consider by goverment, and some policy-arrangements must be required. Renunication of Unification possibility as "impossible forever" is terrible and therfore, we need to educate and enlighten them for increase of the condiousness. "Military march for Unification"(11.30%) and "no way available"(3.37%) on Unification are surely problematic. In these re3spects, the education on Unification and anticommunism should be strengthended more. To the idea of "loyalty and filial piety", our juveniles are very positive, but indicated "requring a lot of revisions" Then the idea is required significant study and analysis in order to establish as a new value.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

중합효소연쇄반응(Polymerase Chain Reaction)을 이용한 Fusobacterium nucleatum 및 Fusobacterium necrophorum의 동정에 관한 연구

강창우,박동성,윤수한 大韓齒科保存學會 1999 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.24 No.1

프로와 아마추어 씨름선수들의 경쟁상태 및 특성불안에 관한 연구

이한우,육동원,고의석,김경수 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences of competition state anxiety (somatic state anxiety, cognitive state anxiety, and state self-confidence) and competition trait anxiety among three groups(highschool, university, and professional Korean Ssireum Players), and between winners and non-winners to analyze and evaluate the state of competition anxiety felt by players. Further more, This study present some useful guiding principles of effective coaching to improve the performance ability and control the competition anxiety of Ssireum players at fields. A total of 487 Ssireum players(204 highschool players, 206 college players and 77 professional players) participated in the SCAT and the CSAI-2 competition anxiety tests. Data were analyzed with One-way ANOVA and T-test. Results were as followings : College players showed significantly lower competition trait anxiety than highschool and professional players. Winner-group showed significantly lower competition trait anxiety than non-winner group. The three groups showed no statistically meaningful differences in the somatic and the cognitive state anxiety, but professional players showed significantly higher state self-confidence than highschool players. There were no differences in somatic state anxiety between winner group and non-winner group, but winner group showed significantly lower cognitive state anxiety and higher state self-confidence than non-winner group.