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김철배 ( Chul Bae Kim ) 전북대학교 인문학연구소 2012 건지인문학 Vol.8 No.-
This paper aims to study Choi Seorim (Gwan-gok), who lived in Taein, Jeongeup in the 17th century, and Yonggye Seowon (alecture hall or a memorial hall for Confucianist services to honor distinguished scholars) where Choi Seorim is enshrined. Choi Seorim (1632~1698) is the central figure of Yonggye Seowon. His family originated from Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, his pen name is Gwangok, and his second names are Yeobal and Gyeomtoi. The Manchu war of 1636 broke out when he was five years old, so he had to flee for refuge from Seoul to Younggwang and Muan, Jeollanam-do, and moved to Gohyeonnae in Taein, Jeongeup Jeollabuk-do after the war. His family settled down in Gohyeonnae because his aunt was married to Kim Yeobaek from Dogang Kim family, which was very influential in the town. Furthermore, as his academic career was closely related to the school of Kim Jip (Sindokjae), it was quite natural that his family moved to Taein from the south area like Naju, Muan, Hampyeong, and Haenam of Jeollanam-do where the school of Dongin was more influential. Choi Seorim passed the civil service examination in 1661 (the 2nd reign of King Hyeonjong), but refused to go into government service and stayed in Taein only to study and teach students. Lee Ik (Seongho) introduced Choi Seorim in his book Seonghosaseol that as he taught well, there were lots of students who adored and followed him. In the student list called ``Munsaenglok``, there are 178 literary men listed. Among them, 15 students passed minor civil examinations and three students passed higher level ones. Choi Seorim followed the disciplinary flow of Honam whose representatives were Jeong Geugin and four gentlemen from Taein (Song Serim, Jeong Eonchung, Kim Yakmuk, and Kim Gwan), and he became the second origin that was followed by Eun Jeonghwa and Hwang Jeon. Choi Seorim`s learning is said to be a part of Honam school in that Hwang Yunseok (Yijae), one of the greatest Confucianists of the 18th century, is the son of Hwang Jeon who was the student of Eun Jeonghwa. Yonggye Seowon was built at the place where Choi Seorim had given lectures to his students in 1701 (the 27th year of King Sukjong`s reign) which was two years after he passed away, and he and his five students are enshrined in Yonggye Seowon.
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김철식 ( Chul Sik Kim ),조민호 ( Min Ho Cho ),남지선 ( Ji Sun Nam ),박종숙 ( Jong Suk Park ),남윤영 ( Yoon Young Nam ),김찬형 ( Chan Hyung Kim ),안철우 ( Chul Woo Ahn ),김경래 ( Kyung Rae Kim ) 대한내과학회 2008 대한내과학회지 Vol.75 No.6
목적: 정신분열병 환자는 일반인에 비해 비만 및 당대사 장애의 발생 위험이 높은 것으로 알려져 있으며 정신분열병 치료를 위해 사용하는 항정신병 약물은 체중증가를 유발할 수 있기 때문에 그 위험이 더욱 높아지게 된다. 그러나 항정신병 약물의 영향을 받지 않은 상태에서 정신분열병 환자의 인슐린저항성 유발인자에 대한 연구는 드물다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 항정신병 약물의 영향을 받지 않은 상태의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 인슐린저항성에 영향을 미치는 인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: DSM-IV 기준에 의해 정신분열병을 처음 진단받은 환자 또는 이미 진단받고 추적관리하고 있는 환자 중 최소한 6주 이상 항정신병 약물을 투여 받지 않은 환자 19명(남:녀=4:15)과 이들과 성별, 나이를 맞춘 정상 대조군을 19명 선정하여 이들의 체질량지수 및 체지방률을 측정하고 인슐린저항성 관련 위험인자를 비교하였다. 또한 각 군에서 인슐린저항성지표(HOMA-IR)와 신체계측, 임상적 특성의 연관성을 알아보았다. 결과: 양 군 간의 체질량지수, 허리둘레 및 체지방률은 차이는 없었다. 또한 정신분열병 환자군에서 중성지방의 농도가 높았지만 혈압, 혈당, 당화혈색소, 인슐린, HOMA-IR, 총콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테롤 및 LDL-콜레스테롤 값의 차이는 없었다. 정상 대조군에서는 나이(r=0.685, p=0.002), 허리둘레(r=0.617, p=0.014)가 인슐린저항성지표인 HOMA-IR과 관련이 있었지만 정신분열병 환자에서는 24시간 소변 유리코티졸 수치가 연관성이 있었다(r=0.797, p=0.002; β=0.646, p=0.023). 결과: 본 연구를 통하여 항정신병 약물의 영향을 받지 않은 상태에서 정신분열병 환자의 인슐린저항성의 위험인자는 정상 대조군과 별 차이가 없었으나 인슐린저항성을 결정하는 주된 위험인자는 정상 대조군과는 달리 정신분열병 환자에서 증가하는 코티졸임을 알아냈다. Background/Aims: As compared with the general population, patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of obesity and glucose metabolism impairment. Moreover, some antipsychotic drugs add to this risk owing to side effects such as weight gain. However, few reports exist regarding the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in drug-naive or drug-free schizophrenic patients. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the factors that contribute to insulin resistance in antipsychotic drug-naive and drug-free schizophrenic patients. Methods: Nineteen (4 men, 15 women) drug-naive or drug-free subjects with schizophrenia and nineteen age- and sex-matched controls were recruited for participation in this study. We measured weight, height, waist circumference, biochemical profiles, body fat percentage, and calculated body mass indices (BMI) in all patients. Furthermore, we correlated HOMA-IR, a marker for insulin resistance, with anthropometric measures and clinical characteristics. Results: There were no significant differences in BMI, waist circumference, or body fat percentage between the two groups. In addition, there were no differences in blood pressure, glucose, HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, or LDL-cholesterol; however, triglyceride levels and 24 hr urine free cortisol levels were higher in schizophrenic patients. There was also a significant correlation between HOMA-IR and both age and waist circumference in the control group. Additionally, HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with 24 hr urine free cortisol levels in schizophrenic patients. Conclusions: The study shows that risk factors for insulin resistance in drug-naive or drug-free schizophrenic patients do not differ from those of the control group; however, the major determinant of insulin resistance in schizophrenia patients was that of increased cortisol levels. (Korean J Med 75:673-679, 2008)
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김철,최현,김정진,김종규,김명석,안병태,박형진,Kim, Chul,Choi, Hyun,Kim, Chung-Chin,Kim, Jong-Kyu,Kim, Myung-Suk,Ahn, Byung-Tae,Park, Hyoung-Jin 대한생리학회 1974 대한생리학회지 Vol.8 No.1
The influence, upon male rat's mating behavior, of Korean Panax Ginseng administered for 3 and 5 days was investigated by direct behavioral observation and also by counting the number of copulation plugs the animals deposited. Four쇼-four male albino rats were used. Part of the animals received ginseng for 3 days (ginseng-3 day group, N= 12) or for 5 days(ginseng-5 day group, H=10), while the remaining animals received saline for 3 days (saline-3 day group, N=12) or for 5 days (saline-S day group, N=10). Each animal belonging to the 2 ginseng groups received subcutaneously 0.5 ml/100 g body weight of ginseng alcohol extract solution (4 mg of the ethyl alcohol extract in 1 ml of physiological saline), and each rat belonging to the 2 saline groups received the same amount of saline per day. During the dark period of the light-dark cycle on the next day following the last drug administration, a female rat in the artificial estrus was introduced to each male and the mating behavior was observed for 45 minutes. The observation session was divided into two parts and, in the early part which terminated with the first ejaculation and succeeding intromission, following behavioral measures were taken: mounting latency, intromission latency, inter-intromission period, ejaculatory latency(time from the first intromission until the first ejaculation), occurrence of mounting with intromission, occurrence of mounting without intromission, and postejaculatory interval. Behavioral measures taken in the later part of the session after the first ejaculation were: occurrence of mounting with intromission, occurrence of mounting without intromission, and occurrence of ejaculation. Immediately after the behavioral observation session the experiment turned to measure, for 10 days, the number of copulation plug which each pair of rats deposited. Following results were obtained: 1. After several mountings mounting with intromission, males of the 2 ginseng groups finished the first ejaculation significantly earlier than the corresponding 2 saline groups did. 2. The postejaculatory latency was significantly reduced in the ginseng-5 day group compare with the value of the saline-5 day group and also compared with the value of the ginseng-3 day group. 3. The 2 ginseng groups ejaculated significantly more often in 45 minutes' observation session than the corresponding 2 saline groups did. 4. The number of copulation plug deposited in 10 days by the animals of the 2 ginseng groups. significantly exceeded the number deposited by the corresponding 2 saline group animals. The animals of the ginseng-5 day group deposited copulation plugs significantly more than the animals of the ginseng-3 day group did. It is inferred from the above results that the ginseng facilitates mating behavior of male rats, and that the degree of facilitation may be influenced by the duration of drug administration.
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NdFe10.7TiM0.3(M = B, Ti)의 Mossbauer 연구
김철성(Chul Sung Kim),이용종(Young Jong Lee),김윤배(Y. B. Kim),김창석(C. S. Kim) 한국자기학회 1995 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.5 No.1
The authors have studied crystallographic and magnetic properties of NdFe_(10.7)TiM_(0.3)(M = B, Ti) by X-ray diffraction, VSM magnetometer, and Mossbauer spectrometer. The Alloys were prepared by arc-melting under argon atmosphere. The NdFe_(10.7)TiM_(0.3) has pure single phase, whereas the NdFe_(10.7)TiM_(0.3) contains some α-Fe, from powder X-ray diffractometry. The NdFe_(10.7)TiM_(0.3) has the ThMn₁₂-type tetragonal structure with α_0=8.587 A and C_0= 4.788 Å. The Curie temperature (Tc) is 570 ± 3 K from Mossbauer spectroscopy performed at various temperatures ranging from 13 to 770 K. Each spectrum of below Tc was fitted with five subspectra of Fe sites in the structure (8i₁,8i₂, 8j₁, 8j₂ and 8f). The area fraction of the subspectra at room temperature are 16.4, 8.2, 14.8, 21.3 and 39.3 %, respectively. Magenetic hyperfine fields for the Fe sites decrease in the order, Hhf(8i)>Hhf(8f)>Hhf(8f).
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아래눈꺼풀뒤당김 교정수술시 이식재료로서 폴리프로필렌 부직포의 이용에 관한 연구
김철,곽상인,김남주,정호경,김영하,Cheol Kim,Sang In Khwarg,Nam Ju Kim,Ho Kyung Choung,Young Ha Kim,Ph,D 대한안과학회 2006 대한안과학회지 Vol.47 No.3
Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of a polypropylene non-woven sheet as a spacer graft for the correction of lower lid retraction Methods: Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into three groups. Polypropylene non-woven sheets were implanted between the tarsus and lower lid retractor via a transcutaneous approach (Group 1), a transconjunctival approach (Group 2), or a transconjunctival approach with amniotic membrane transplantation (Group 3). Numerous large pores were made in the sheet with a 21-gauge needle before implantation. Rabbits were sacrificed serially after 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks in each group. Gross and histologic examinations were performed. Results: In Group 1, the polypropylene sheets stayed in place well, without any exposure on gross observation except at 2 weeks. In Group 2, the conjunctival wound was not healed on the polypropylene sheet, and the sheet was exposed to the ocular surface and extruded gradually. In Group 3, the conjunctival wound was well healed on the surface of polypropylene sheet, and the sheet remained stationary at 4, 6, and 8 weeks on gross examination. Histologic examinations showed gradual fibrovascular ingrowth into the polypropylene sheets in Groups 1 and 3, but not in Group 2, in which only severe inflammatory infiltrations were observed. Conclusions: The polypropylene non-woven sheet is a good candidate for a spacer material in lower lid retraction operation, and either the transcutaneous approach or the use of an amniotic membrane is necessary for best postoperative outcome.
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김철,예상준,김진현,김상균,장현철,김안나,남기엽,송미영,Kim, Chul,Yea, Sang-Jun,Kim, Jin-Hyun,Kim, Sang-Kyun,Jang, Hyun-Chul,Kim, An-Na,Nam, Ky-Youb,Song, Mi-Young 대한한의학방제학회 2010 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.18 No.2
Objective : The purpose of this study was to develop the simulator which can analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of herbs based on e-cell, or the virtual cell. Method : We have ensured the medical herbs and its active compounds by investigating the oriental medicine records and NBCI(Biomedicine database). Also we have developed the web-based search system for confirming database related to anti-inflammation. We have researched the cell signal pathway related with inflammatory response control and established the mathematical model of herb interaction on selected signal pathway in e-cell. Finally we have developed the prototype which can confirm the result of this model visibly. Results : We constructed the database of 62 cases of anti-inflammatory active compounds in 61 cases of medical herbs which have been known anti-inflammation effects in the paper, 16 cases of inflammatory factors, 10 cases of signal pathways related with inflammatory response and 6,834 cases of URL(Uniform Resource Locator) of referenced papers. And we embodied the web-based research system, which can research this database. User can search basic and detailed information of medical plants related with anti-inflammatory by using information system. And user can acquire information on an active compounds, a signal pathway and a link URL of related paper. Among investigated ten pathways, we selected NF-${\kappa}B$, which plays important role in activation of immune system, and we searched the mechanisms of actions of proteins which could be components of this pathway. We reduced total network into IKK-$I{\kappa}B$ - NF-${\kappa}B$, and completed mathematic modeling by using ordinary differential equations and response variables of $I{\kappa}B-NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling model network which is suggested by Baltimore Group. We designed OED(Ordinary Differential Equation) for response of IKK, $I{\kappa}B$, $NF-{\kappa}B$ in e-cell's cytoplasm and nucleus, and measured whether an active compound of medicinal plants which is inputted by an user would have a anti-inflammation effects in obedience to change in concentration over time. The proposed model was verified by using experimental results of the papers which are listed on NCBI.
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