여자 초·중·고등학생의 최대산소섭취량 추정에 관한 연구

송성섭,김정수,이병근 世明大學校 1998 世明論叢 Vol.7 No.-

The purpose of this study was to produce regression equation of VO2 max prediction appropriated to elementary, middle and high school female stduents, and to evaluate the validity of their predictions. The prediction of VO2max(1/min, ml/kg/min and ml/FFW/min) were obtained by multiple regression procedures from a sample of 53 students, aged 7-17 years. The prediction for VO2 max were obtained from the subjects age, height, weight, %fat and fat-free weight. From the result of multiple regression for VO2 max, the following equations were obtained. ?? The multiple correlations and relative errors of estimate for the predictions in 1/min(No. 1, 2, 3) were quite similar(R=0.81, 0.79, 0.81; CV=+19.0%, +19.9%, +19.2%). The multiple correlations for the prediction in ml/kg/min(No. 4,5,6) were quite similar(R=0.44, 0.38, 0.42; CV=+18.5%, +18.7% and +18.5%). And the multiple correlations and relative errors of estimate for the predictions in ml/FFW/min(No. 7,8,9) were quite similar(R=0.66,0.65,0.55; CV=+21.3%, +21.4% and +22.4%). The validity of prediction equations was tested from the validity group(7-17 years, 19girls). It is 0.36-0.61 for eqution 1-3, 0.27-0.44 for equation 4-6, and 0.23-0.32 for equation 7-9. Theire prediction equations were quites stable, % errors approximately -8.2∼-11.7%. Its indicated that resonably and accurated estimate of VO2 max for the female atudents may be obtained from their age, height, weight, %fat and fat-free weight, but that the predictive equations in this study was not suitable to elementary students.

재조합 BMP-7 유전자가 전달된 HEK 293 세포에 의한 누드 마우스에서의 뼈형성

정수연,장원태,장연실,안면환,김재룡,송인환 영남대학교 의과대학 2003 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.20 No.2

To induce bone formation at ectopic site by tissue engineering and gene therapy, we transplanted collagen sponges containing rhBMP-7 transduced HEK 293 cells in the hypodermis of nude mice. Bone formation was investigated by histological and electron microscopic method at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after transplantation. At 9 weeks after transplantation, eosinophilic bony tissue was observed in the implanted collagen sponge and was confirmed as bone tissue by Von Kossa stain. In the transmission electron microscopic observation, the cells in newly formed bone tissue had eccentrically located nucleus and well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). Therefore, the cells were evaluated as osteoblasts. Those results suggest that it is possible to form a bone tissue in the ectopic site by transplantation of rhBMP-7 transduced HEK 293 cells. This will be contributed to push more advanced gene therapy for bone formation. However, the HEK 293 cell is unable to apply to the clinical gene therapy. Therefore it is worth to find more compatible cells for clinical application. In addition, collagen sponge is considered as an excellent scaffold and/or carrier for gene therapy and a good biomaterial for tissue engineering.

정신훈련이 아동들의 정신기술, 신체효능감과 경쟁불안에 미치는 효과

송성섭,김정수 世明大學校 1998 世明論叢 Vol.7 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of mental training on mental skill, physical self-efficacy, and competition anxiety. The subjects were randomly assigned to experiment group and control group in which included group grade 69 students; 40 involved in experimet group and 29 involved in control group. Teacher and stduents were instructed about the purpose of this study, instruction contents, and education of mental training before experimene treatment. Pre-test were measured with mental skill, physical self-efficacy, and competition anxiety, mental skill was included with subcomponents of relazation, stress, positive thought, and goal-setting, mental training program was treated for the 20 minute a day on 2 months. Post-test was used with same questionnaire of Pre-test. The conclusions are as followings ; 1. The mental training program has an statistically influence in the relaxation. 2. The mental training program has an statistically influence on the goal-setting. 3. The mental training program does not have an influence on the stress. 4. The mental training program does not have an influence on the positive thought. 5. The mental training program does not have an influence on the physical self-efficacy. 6. The mental training program does not have an influence on the competition anxiety.

RAPD 분석에 의한 굴참나무 집단의 유전변이 연구

송정호,김남수,이용섭,김영중,송재모,이재선 한국유전학회 2002 Genes & Genomics Vol.24 No.2

Quercus variabilis is one of the most important tree species in both utilization of forest resources and management of forest ecosystem in Korea. To obtain the basic information for the establishment of breeding strategy and efficient management of genetic resources, five populations of Q. variabilis from 89 selected plus trees were studied using POPGENE and AMOVA analysis based on DNA markers focussing on the genetic diversity and variation among populations. The overall polymorphic amplicons were 78.6% and levels of genetic diversity within 5 populations were similar each other (Shannon's Index : 0.289∼0.423 [mean 0.366]). The values of total genetic diversity (H_t) and average gene diversity within population (H_S) were 0.265 and 0.239, respectively. The degree of genetic differentiation (G_st : 0.098) was relatively high compared with those of other tree species. Based on the cluster analysis of UPGMA, genetic relationships among 5 populations were not coincided with the pattern of geographic distribution.

황련해독탕 및 귀비탕의 발효 전후 혈소판 응집 억제 효과에 대한 비교 연구

송병정,이수진,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2012 藥學論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Recently interest of fermented oriental medicines is increasing for the purpose of disease prevention. Hwangryunghaedok-tang (HR) and Guibi-tang (GB) are widely used oriental medicines in Korea. HR and GB are well known for anti-inflammatory and anti-stress effect. Glycosides in herbal medicines are transformed to aglycone via fermentation. The fermented medicines are absorbed more and have less individual variation. In this study, HR and GB were compared before and after fermentation by anti-platelet aggregation effect. HR and GB were fermented by various lactobacillus species. The anti-platelet aggregation effect of HR and GB were measured using aggregometer by optical method. Collagen (4 μg/mL) was used as a inducer of platelet aggregation. After measuring anti-platelet aggregation effect, we analysed the data using WinnonlinⓇ program to fit simple Emax model. Then Emax and EC50 values were estimated. In results, GB had little antiplatelet effects. Emax of 5 GB samples (127, 164, 402, 442, 3163) were estimated near zero and others (129, 144, 166, 693, 744) had high EC50 values (> 1500 μg/mL). In contrast with GB, HR had antiplatelet effects. HR which was fermented by Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum (HR-127,HR-144) were most effective sample. Emax and EC50 of HR-127 and HR-144 was 99.99%, 174.73 μg/mL and 100.00% 160.48 μg/mL, respectively. These results indicated that Guibi-tang was inappropriate as anti-platelet aggregation agent and Hwangryunhaedok-tang would be more effective after fermentation as anti-platelet aggregation agent, warranting further study.

다제 내성 폐렴구균에 대한 항균제 병합시의 시험관내 항균효과

김수정,이남용,양지원,백경란,김성민,배직현,송재훈 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.2

목적: 페니실린 및 다제 내성 폐렴구균은 선택할 수 있는 치료제가 제한되어 임상적으로 문제가 되고 있다. 특히 다제 내성 균주에 의한 수막염의 치료에 cephalosporin제 단독요법의 치료 실패가 계속 보고 되면서, 기존 항균제의 병용요법이나 새로 개발되는 항균제에 관심이 모아지고 있다. 특히 국내에서 분리되는 폐렴구균의 페니실린 및 다제 내성율은 이미 세계 최고 수준으로 이러한 치료법의 개발이 더욱 필요한 상황이다. 저자들은 다제 내성 폐렴구균 감염증의 새로운 치료법을 찾고자 국내에서 흔히 사용되는 항균제를 대상으로 time-kill 방법을 이용한 시험관내 synergy 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 :대상균주는 국내에서 분리된 페니실린 감수성인 2균주와 모든 β-lactam 제제에 동시 내성을 보인 다제 내성 5균주이었다. 대상 병용요법은 penicillin+gentamicin, cefotaxime+gentamicin, vancomycin+gentamicin, vancomycin+cefotaxime, vancomycin+imipenem, ampicillin+cefotaxime 등이었다. 각 항균제의 시험 농도는 1/2 MIC로 하였으며, 균 집락수의 측정은 0,4,8,24시간에 시행하였다. 결과:Penicillin+gentamicin, cefotaxime+gentamicin, vancomycin+cefotaxime 등의 병합요법이 시험관내 synergy를 보였으며, vancomycin+gentamicin, vancomycin+imipenem, ampicillin+cefotaxime 등의 병용은 indifference의 결과를 보였다. 결론 본 연구를 통하여 penicillin+gentamicin, cefotaxime+gentamicin, vancomycin+cefotaxime 등의 병용요법이 다제 내성 균주에 대하여 시험관내 synergy를 보임으로써 새로운 치료요법의 대상이 될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 이는 향후 생체 내에서의 약물 상호작용에 대한 동물실험시 응용될 수 있는 기본 자료로 의미가 있을 것으로 생각된다. Background: Penicillin-and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae became a global problem during recent decades. Multidrug resistance poses a serious threat to clinical medicine due to restriction of selecting appropriate antimicrobial agents to treat with. Current data suggest that any single antimicrobial agent cannot be a satisfactory option to treat pniemococcal infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains, particularly in meningitis. The aim of the study was to assess in vitro efficacy of several antimicrobial combinations which are commonly used in clinical practice, and to obtain reasonable regimens which can be applied to in vivo model. Methods: We performed time-kill studies of antimicrobial combinations including penicillin, cefotaxime, vancomycin, gentamicin, imipenem and ampicillin against five multidrug-resistant strains and two penicillin-susceptible strains. Penicillin, cefotaxime and vancomycin were combined with gentamicin, respectively. Cefotaxime plus vancomycin, imipenem plus vancomycin, and cefotaxime plus ampicillin combinations were also tested. Synergy was defined as a ≥100-fold or 2-log decrease in colony count at 24 h by the combination compared with that by the most active single agent. Result: Penicillin puls gentamicin, cefotaxime plus gentamicin, and vancomycin plus cefotaxime combinations were deminstrated to have in vitro synergistic activities against multidrug-resistant strains. Conclusion: Three combinations showed in vitro synergism against penicillin-resistant pneumococci. Experimental animal study is warranted to determine the clinical relevance of the in vitro results.

자기효능증진 교육프로그램이 고혈압 노인의 자기효능감, 자가간호행위 및 혈압에 미치는 효과

유수정,송미순,이윤정 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The cause of essential hypertension is yet unknown, but in general is caused by interaction of hereditary factors, diet, obesity, lack of exercise and stress. The aging process influences various Physiological mechanism related to regulation of blood pressure. So elderly hypertensives have a tendancy to consider the disease as a result of the physiological aging process. This attitude causes many complications, worsening of the disease and even early death because of inappropriate care. In order to improve self-management of elderly hypertensives in this study the researcher examined the effect of blood pressure regulation by an education program that improves self-care behavior. through increasing self-efficacy. The education program consisted of group education on hypertension and self-care strategies, and encouraging and reinforcing self-efficacy resources such as verbal persuation, performance accomplishment and vicarious experiences. A quasi-experimental pre-and post-test design was used. Thirty-two elderly' hypertensives participated in the study. Eighteen in the education group and fourteen in the control group. The education program consisted of eight sessions twice a week for four weeks. There was no intervention for the control group. Data were analysed using SPSS for Windows(Version 8.0). The results were as follows. 1.There was a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the experimental group and control group over three different times, and interaction by groups and over time. 2.There was no significant difference in the level of self-care behavior between the experimental group and control group over three different times, and interaction by groups and over time. 3.There was significant difference in self-efficacy of experimental and control group, depending on the measuring period, but there was no difference between these groups on interaction by groups and over time. There was positive correlation between self efficacy and self care behavior depending on the measuring period. 4.There was negative correlation between diastolic blood pressure and self-care behavior on the posttest of the, program. and between systolic blood pressure and self-care behavior on the follow-up test of the program. Findings indicate that this study will contribute to develop nursing strategies for the regulation of blood pressure for the elderly, which is easy for the elderly to learn as a nonpharmacologic approach.

Vitamin D_(3)가 RAW 세포에 감염된 Mycobacterium marinum의 증식억제에 미치는 기전 연구

박정규,정샛별,이길수,김수영,송창화,박종호,조현구,조은경,김화중 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

The natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1(Nramp1) has been proposed to directly regulate bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity of the macrophage toward pathogens or participate in macrophage activation that lead to microbial elimination in the host. The relationship between Nramp1 and nitric oxide(NO) as an antimicrobial factor has not been precisely defined to date. To devise an in vitro assay for Nramp1 function, this study introduced a wild type Nramp1^(G169) cDKA transfected RAW264.7 macrophages(A8) which bear a homozygous mutant Nramp1^(D169) allele and are permissive to replication of specific intracellular parasites. RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages did not produce NO, but vitamin D_(3)-activated-Mycobacterium marinum-infected RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages pretreated with vitamin D_(3) leaded to the increase of NO production and growth inhibition of M. marinum. Inhibition of NO production by a NO inhibitor, L-NAME, abolished the above effects. The mRNA expression of iNOS in infected macrophages with costimulated vitamin D_(3) was increased. IFN-γ activated macrophages also showed the same results with vitamin D_(3) activated macrophages. These results suggest that bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity in RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages correlated with the production of NO, although NO might not be the only factor responsible for controlling M. marinum infection. The Nrampl gene is considered to be a cofactor in the controlling the replication of M. marinum infection.

사회복지전문요원의 이직의도 영향요인에 관한 연구

이곤수,김정헌,송건섭 韓國福祉行政學會 1999 복지행정논총 Vol.9 No.-

변형된 치관부 파절편 재부착술식을 이용한 치관치근파절의 치료

송창원,송민주,신수정,박정원 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.5

치관부 파절편 재부착술식은 접착치의학의 발달과 더불어 치관파절 치료 방법 중 하나로 자리매김하였다. 하지만 치관치근파절된 치아에 있어서 기존의 치관부 파절편 재부착술식으로는 치은연하 영역의 수복 및 생물학적 폭경의 유지가 어려워 부가적인 치관연장술 또는 치아 정출술 등이 요구되게 된다. 하지만 이번 증례보고는 치수노출을 동반한 치관-치근파절을 치료함에 있어서 이러한 부가적인 술식 없이 변형된 치관부 파절편 재부착술식만을 이용하여 처치한 사례이다. 환자는 근관치료 후 post 삽입 및 재부착 술식을 시행 받았으며 이때 치관 파절편의 변형을 통해 생물학적 폭경을 위한 공간 유지 및 적절한 접착을 위한 영역을 확보할 수 있었고 이후 한차례의 재파절이 발생하였지만 재차 재부착 후 2년간의 follow up을 통해 치주부착상실 없이 치관 파절편이 잘 유지되는 것이 관찰되었다. The development of adhesive dentistry has allowed that the crown fragment reattachment can be another option in the treatment of crown fracture. However, additional crown lengthening procedure or extrusion of the tooth may be necessary in the treatment of crown root fracture because subgingival fracture line in close proximity to the alveolar bone leads to challenges for restorative procedure and the violation of the biologic width. This case report presents a modified crown fragment reattachment technique of crown root fracture with pulp exposure, which was done without additional crown lengthening procedures. After the endodontic treatment, the patient was treated using a post insertion and the fragment reattachment technique, which made it possible to preserve the space for the biologic width and maintain a dry surgical field for adequate adhesion through the modification of the fractured coronal fragment. Since a coronal fracture was occurred and reattached afterward, it was observed that the coronal fragment was well maintained without the additional loss of periodontal attachment through 2-year follow up.