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언어모델과 공공부문 행정혁신: 개념, 접근법 및 고려 사항
박정원,이규민,전대성,최재웅,이창용 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2024 정부학연구 Vol.30 No.1
정부의 비정형 데이터 제공 및 관리 체계가 확립되면서 언어모델을 활용한 공공부문 행정혁신 연구가 주목받고 있다. 하지만 언어모델을 활용할 필요가 있는 실효성 있는 문제의 발굴과 언어모델의 실질적 적용 방법에 대한 논의는 매우 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구는 언어모델에 대한 이해를 높이고 공공부문에서의 활용을 촉진하기 위한 목적으로 언어모델의 개념 및 접근법과 공공부문에서의 활용 사례를 소개하고, 언어모델 활용을 위한 주요 고려 사항을 제시한다. 먼저, 언어모델의 개념 및 접근법과 초거대 언어모델을 중심으로 최근 연구 동향을 설명한다. 다음으로, 과학기술 분야에 초점을 맞춰 공공부문에서의 언어모델 활용 사례를 소개한다. 마지막으로, 언어모델을 활용할 때 고려해야 하는 사항을 품질 제고 및 활용 영역 확장 관점에서 제시한다. 본 연구가 언어모델을 활용한 공공부문 행정혁신 연구에만 국한되는 것이 아니라, 행정학 및 정책학 분야에서 활용하는 텍스트 데이터 분석 방법론의 고도화와 다각화에 기여할 수 있기를 기대한다. With the establishment of a framework for managing unstructured data in the public sector, research on administrative innovation through language models is gaining attention. However, there is a lack of discussion regarding significant problems that necessitate the use of language models, as well as potentially applicable methods. This study aims to bridge this gap by delineating the concept and approaches of language models and presenting key considerations for their deployment in the public sector. Initially, we elucidate the concept and approaches of language models, focusing on recent research trends centered around large language models. Subsequently, we present examples of language model applications in the public sector, with a particular emphasis on the science and technology sectors. Lastly, we explore considerations for their deployment from the perspectives of quality improvement and the expansion of application areas. This study is expected to not only stimulate research on administrative innovation in the public sector through the use of language models, but also enhance and diversify text analysis methods employed in the fields of public administration and policy studies.
박정원,서홍석,허철,박수준,J.W. Park,H.-S. Seo,C. Huh,S.J. Park 한국전자통신연구원 2024 전자통신동향분석 Vol.39 No.4
The emergence and resurgence of novel respiratory infectious diseases since the turn of the millennium, including SARS, H1N1 flu, MERS, and COVID-19, have posed a significant global health threat. Efforts to combat these threats have involved various approaches, however, continued research and development are crucial to prepare for the possibility of emerging viruses and viral variants. Direct detection methods for viral pathogens include molecular diagnostic techniques and immunodiagnostic methods, while indirect diagnostic methods involve detecting changes in the condition of infected patients through imaging diagnostics, gas analysis, and biosignal measurement. Molecular diagnostic techniques, utilizing advanced technologies such as gene editing, are being developed to enable faster detection than traditional PCR methods, and research is underway to improve the efficiency of diagnostic devices. Diagnostic technologies for infectious diseases continue to evolve, and several key trends are expected to emerge in the future. Automation will facilitate widespread adoption of rapid and accurate diagnostics, portable diagnostic devices will enable immediate on-site diagnosis by healthcare professionals, and advancements in AI-based deep learning diagnostic models will enhance diagnostic accuracy.