trunmnt: An R package for calculating moments in a truncated multivariate normal distribution

Lee, Seung-Chun The Korean Statistical Society 2021 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.28 No.6

The moment calculation in a truncated multivariate normal distribution is a long-standing problem in statistical computation. Recently, Kan and Robotti (2017) developed an algorithm able to calculate all orders of moment under different types of truncation. This result was implemented in an R package MomTrunc by Galarza et al. (2021); however, it is difficult to use the package in practical statistical problems because the computational burden increases exponentially as the order of the moment or the dimension of the random vector increases. Meanwhile, Lee (2021) presented an efficient numerical method in both accuracy and computational burden using Gauss-Hermit quadrature. This article introduces trunmnt implementation of Lee's work as an R package. The Package is believed to be useful for moment calculations in most practical statistical problems.

Universal Vector Driven Tester (VDT)

Seung Y. “Daniel” Lee,Byunghwan Chun,Brian Y. Kim,Austin S. Kim 한국통신학회 2006 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.7

Purge & Trap-GC를 이용한 의약품 필름코팅 정제 중 잔류용제에 관한 연구

장준식,이명자,소유섭,문춘선,이주헌,박희라,김진숙,강경모,이선옥,방성연,유미자,유문균,금오성,이병욱 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

의약품은 약물을 생체에 적풋하기 위하여 유효성분의 효과가 언제나 일정하게 확보되고 사응에 편리하도록 만들어지는 것이므로 유효썽분 이외에 약효에 영향을 주지 않는 성분이 첨가되는 경운가 많다. 이 때 사용되는 용매들은 제피의 광택 및 건쪼시간의 단축 등을 위하여 휘발점이 낮을 용매들이 주로 사용되어진다. 본 연구는 의약품 필름코팅정제 중 잔류용매 4종(chlorofonr benzen, trichloro ethylen, 1,4-dioxane)에 대한 변형된 pirge & trap-GC 장치를 이용한 동시분석방법을 개발하였으며, 각 표준품의 RSD 값은 chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69% and 1,4-dioxane 3.41%였다. 또한 시중 유통중인 의약품 50종에 대하여 잔류웅매 양을 측정하였으며, 검출되는 잔류용매는 한 건도 없었다. This study nras carried out to develope the analytical method for the mixture of chlorefonn, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane simultaneously and determine the remainingorgauic solvents in coating tablets by Purge & Trap-GC. The results were as follouFs ; 1. Chloroform, benzen, trio:tloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane separated by tenax #5 trap by HP-624GC column by terrlperature programming. The peaks were separated completely at retentiontime of 6.88min for chloroform, 8.21min for benzen, 10.38miu for trichloroethylen and 11.95minfor 1,4-dioxane. 2. Standard RSD were individually chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69%and 1,4-diorane 3.41%. 3. 60 samples were not detrcted chloroform, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane.

An Investigation on the Life of Master Won Guk Lee, the Creator of Chung-Do-Kwan

( Seon Young Jung ),( Jun Ho Lee ),( Seung Woo Shin ),( Chun Hwan Cho ),( Seung Hyun Jang ),( Won Shin ) 경남대학교 기초과학연구소 2014 기초과학지 Vol.31 No.-

The purpose of this study is to review (or, investigate) the life of Won Guk Lee. He is the creator of Chung-Do-Kwan, which is one of the five original Taekwondo kwans. Data was gathered from advanced research, newspapers, documentaries, the Internet, magazines, and journals etc. Thus, we were able to create a sequence of events based on the research data. First, we can say that in Won Guk Lee``s career, he created Chung-Do-Kwan and brought Dangsoodo to Korea. These events have had a significant development on Taekwondo. Second, Taekwondo curriculum, which was published by Won Guk Lee, established the foundation of Taekwondo poomsae, as well as giving us the pure spirit of Korean martial arts.

정부개혁의 비판적 성찰과 전략적 대안

전영평,김병섭,이승종,Robert F. Durant 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 2001 社會科學硏究 Vol.9 No.2

세계 각국의 정부 개혁 추세에 맞추어 한국 정부도 정부 개혁을 수행하고 있지만 그 성과에 대한 정확한 평가에 대해서는 의견이 일치하지 않고 있다. 무엇보다도 정부 개혁을 만병통치약으로 받아들이는 태도를 경계하여야 하며, 성과에 대한 성급한 판단 이전에 정부개혁과 관련한 다양한 문제점들을 잘 살펴보는 일이 선행될 필요가 있다. 이 연구에서는 김대중 정부의 개혁 정책-정부구조조정과 인사개혁의 두 차원-의 문제점에 관하여 비판적인 성찰을 하고, 한국의 정부개혁의 위상을 파악하고자 하였다. 비록 엄밀한 실증적인 분석을 하지는 못하였으나 질적인 담론을 통하여 김대중 정부의 개혁의 문제점 및 과제를 제시하고자 하였다. 정부 구조 조정 분야에서는 1) 개혁의 방향성 및 일관성 문제, 2) 조직 분권화 및 민주화 문제, 3) 정책 조정 문제, 4) 권한의 하부 위임 문제, 5) 인력 감축 관리 문제, 6) 공무원 전문성 제고 문제, 7) 책임운영기관제도의 문제, 8) 개혁의 시기와 방법 문제 등이 지적되었으며, 인사개혁(개방형임용제도) 분야에서는 1) 민간과 공직간의 신뢰관계 축적 미흡, 2) 공직과 민간의 이익과 목표간의 부합도가 낮은 상황에서 개방형 직위제가 적용, 3) 공직과 민간간의 협력 훈련 경험 부족, 4) 개방형직위제의 선정 작업이 공직 내부에서의 토의를 배제한 채 외부의 경영진단기관의 판단에 따라 하향적으로 적용되었다는 문제가 지적되었다. 결론적으로 이 연구는 한국의 정부 개혁은 빈약한 정부 개혁 논리 속에서 내부적인 합의와 신뢰관계를 구축하지 못한 채 제대로 된 위상을 정립하지 못하고 있기 때문에 향후 정부 개혁이 많은 시행 착오를 겪을 것으로 예상하였다.

40세 이하 관상동맥 질환자에서 장기적 임상 관찰

이승욱,정명호,박종철,박형욱,조상희,김원,김계훈,이상현,강경태,조장현,김남호,김건형,안영근,조정관,박종춘,강정채 全南大醫大 2001 전남의대학술지 Vol.37 No.2

天然洗劑의 生物分解에 관한 硏究

이춘식,최종수,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1993 硏究報告 Vol.16 No.1

We were investigated with biodegradation of natural detergent by using jar-test, column test and activated sluge process. We were studied the BOD loading rate, the removal rate of organic material, the relationship between F/M, ratio, BOD and SS, SRT and MI, VSS/MLSS ratio. The results are summarized below. 1. In case of column height 160cm, suspended solid removal rate was 60.93%, COD, BOD and SS removal rate were 40%, 33% and 87% repectively in jar-test. In this case dosage of coagulant was 40.9g/㎥ alum, 4.5g lime/㎥ and 0.4g/㎥ polymer. 2. Wastewater containing natural detergent concentrationabout 600-1300mg/l was treated with activated sludge process and then removal rate of BOD is 80% in winter atmospheric temperature. In this case BOD concentration was about 10mg/l. 3. Wastewater containing natural detergent was treated with activated sludge process and then BOD volumetric loading rate is 0.3-0.8kg BOD/㎥·d. In this case BOD removal rate was about 90 %, MLVSS/MLSS ratio was 0.4-0.5 and SVI is 60-200.

市乳의 貯藏期間에 따른 耐冷性 微生物 및 化學的 特性의 變化에 關한 硏究

이수원,강일수,양희진,백승천 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1997 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.4 No.1

The present study was conducted to predict shelf life of pasteurized milk with analysis of volatile compounds and sensory evaluation of milk to growth of psychrotrophic bacteria. Pseudomonas fluorescens KFRI 00194 inoculated concentration of 10^4 cfu/㎖ to observe of changes on sensory evaluation and volatile compounds of pasteurized milk. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows; The psychrotrophic bacteria number at 4℃ were increased 6.39×10 exp(4)cfu/㎖ until first day and 2.20×10 exp(6)cfu/㎖, 1.17×10 exp(7)cfu/㎖ after 5 and 10days, respectively. The volatile compounds were shown the decreasing tendancies in acetaldehyde, ethanol depending on storage days, especially ethanol contents were significantly decreased between 5 and 10days storage(P<0.05). Diacetyl, 2-heptanone, 2-butanone and 3-methyl-1-butanol were shown the increasing tendencies of contents. Diacetyl, 2-heptanone and 2-butanone were significantly increased between 5 and 10days, 1 and 5days, 5 and 10days and 1 and 5days, respectively(P<0.05). However, 3-methyl-1-butanol was shown a increasing tendancy depending on storage days but the significantly different was not recognized. The changes of sensory evaluation were rapidly decrease from 6.8point first day to 4.2point after 10days and the decrease of organoleptic acceptability was significantly different recognized(P<0.05), excepted of 1 and 2days. The organoleptic acceptability according to increasing of psychrotrophic bacteria numbers were decreased. The organoleptic acceptability depending on changes of volatile compounds were shown to a conversed correlation coefficient with the exception of acetaldehyde and acetone. Especially, 2-heptanone, 2butanone and 3-methyl-1-butanol were gradually decreased of acceptability by the contents.

한우의 간이물질 대사효소의 활성도

이관복,박승춘,한경오,윤호인 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1994 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

It is important to study the activity of drug biotransformation enzymes, because from a pharmacological and therapeutic point of view these enzymes are resposible for eliminating most drugs. Their level is ciritical when deciding the dose regimen. (From a toxicological perspective, the role of these enzymes varies, with some of them being directly responsible for activation of certain chemicals to reactive intermediates with deleterious consequence to the animal.) Experiments were designed to measure in vitro, the activity of drug metabolizing enzymes in liver of Korean native cattle. The microsomal monooxygenase activities were evaluated utilizing specific substrates. The activities of BPDM and TST 6β-hydroxylase were seemed to be high level relatively to other monooxygenzses such as ECOD, EROD and AH. Interestingly, TST 16α-hydroxylase which is a maker enzyme for CYP ⅠLA was not detected in Korean native cattle. These results sugest that Korean native cattle have high contents of CYP IIB1 and CYP IIIA.

임플란트 식립을 위한 상악동 점막 거상술의 결과

천상득,정보연,이승은,윤홍식,진병로 영남대학교 의과대학 2003 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.20 No.2

Background: Although dental implantation has become widespread and acceptable treatment for dental prosthodontics, maxillary posterior jaw region is often complicated by the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and physiological resorption of the alveolar bone. When this occurs, the residual bone between the floor of the sinus and the crestal ridge is inadequate for the placement of implants. The sinus elevation procedure provides a way to increase the amount of available bone and to allow the placement of longer implants. Materials & methods: We studied 11 patients requiring the implant placements and the maxillary sinus elevation simultaneously from 1996 to 2003 in our clinic. Nine patients were males and two patients were females, aged from 39 to 72(mean=51.6). Four patients had medical compromised states; angina pectoris, diabetes, hypertension, hepatitis. Patients didn't show any pathologic findings clinically or radiographically. We studied the success and survival rate of implants, factors increasing the osseointegrating capacity of implants. Results: The success rate of osseointegration of implants was 93%. At least 6 months after loading on implants, the survival rate of implants was 78.5%. Autogenous bone graft and adequate residual bone height(>6mm) increased survival rate of implants. Conclusion: Successful implant placement with maxillary sinus elevation mainly depends on sufficient residual bone height, healthy maxillary sinus, autogenous bone graft.