정상교합자의 치열궁 형태

권용철,성정옥,권오원,성재현 대한치과교정학회 1989 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.19 No.1

This study was designed to investigate dental arch shapes buccally and lingually at Bracket Level of Koreans. This involved studying 63 inviduals (37 males, 26 females) with normal occlusion ranging in age from 17 to 24 yesrs old. The landmarks were digitized and measurements and statistical analysis were performed by NEC 9801 V-M computer. The Results were as Follows: Bicanine width, Bipremolar width and Bimolar width were larger in males than in females. Buccal and lingual arch form and coordination form were obtained by NEC 9801 V-M computer. The parabolic equations which represents buccal and lingual arch form were obtained.

무대미술의 관례성 : 맨션(Mansion)에서 '임의의 궁전'에 이르기까지 des mansions au palais a` volonte´

권현정 한국 프랑스어문교육학회 2003 프랑스어문교육 Vol.15 No.-

Comme tout art, le the´a^tre a un mode de fonctionnement spe´cifique et ne peut se contenter de copier la re´alite´, me^me s'il exploite des donne´es (personnages, fiction, espace, temps, langage) qui appartiennent au monde de l'expe´rience. Mais ce monde de l'expe´rience ne peut se transporter tel quel sur la sce`ne; l'espace sce´nique, du fait me^me de ses dimensions, ne peut donner qu'un aperc¸u, qu'un concentre´ des lieux e´voque´s par les fictions. De la` naissent des conventions qui sont des modes de fonctionnement fonde´s sur l'accord du spectateur. La de´coration-type est une des conventions essentielles qui couvre la longue pe´riode qui va du Moyen a^ge au the´a^tre classique du 17e`me sie`cle. Que ce soit sur la sce`ne simultane´e ou sur la sce`ne unique, cette convention repose sur l'espace neutre qui fait nai^tre une autre convention, celle du jeu de l'acteur qui demande a` son tour une grande complicite´/re´ceptivite´ de la part du spectateur. Les acteurs du Moyen Age utilisent l'espace sce´nique place´ devant les mansions de fac¸on tout a` fait arbitraire, comme une sorte de lieu de´veloppe´ en prolongement des diffe´rentes mansions. Ne´anmoins ces conventions-la` sont admises sans difficulte´s par le public. Mais au 17e`me sie`cle, les conventions vont devenir progressivement a` la fois plus pre´cises et plus codifie´es du fait de l'intervention des doctes. Ces conventions provoquent des discussions, du moins des remaniements de la part des cre´ateurs car elles entrent en conflit avec un autre grand principe, celui de la vraisemblance. D'autre part, les conventions sont changeantes et de´termine´es par la mentalite´ des spectateurs. De la sce`ne simultane´e a` la sce`ne unique, des mansions au palais a` volonte´ en passant par la pluralite´ des lieux ou le lieu composite des tragi-come´dies ou des pastorales on n'assiste pas seulement a` l'e´volution de l'esthe´tique de la sce´nographie conventionnelle. Il s'agit aussi d'une forme de mentalite´ : pour les gens du Moyen Age, tout signe exte´rieur vaut une re´alite´ palpable auquel on croit sans mettre en doute sa perception imme´diate. On pourrait parler alors d'une convention spontane´e. Pour les Franc¸ais des anne´es 1630-50, la sce´nographie simultane´e est une manifestation de l'esprit baroque, fait de fantaisie, de liberte´ et d'imagination : le spectateur se prome`ne en imagination en divers lieux situe´s pourtant, de fac¸on totalement invraisemblable, co^te a` co^te sur la sce`ne exigue¨ de l'Ho^tel de Bourgogne. Sans doute a` la sortie de la pe´riode trouble´e de la Fronde, dans les anne´es 1660, il n'est pas e´tonnant qu'on e´volue d'un gou^t anarchique vers l' n'est pas e´tonnant qu'on e´volue d'un gou^t anarchique vers l'unite´ de lieu qui n'est d'autre qu'une maifestation du de´sir de rationaliser, d'organiser aussi bien l'espace fictif du plateau que le monde lui-me^me. Pourtant, ce de´sir de se rationaliser a commence´ a` se faire sentir me^me en ces temps de liberte´. Un signe caracte´ristique de ce changement de mentalite´ est donne´ par l'usage des tapisseries : ces rideaux de tissu descendus des cintres masquent les compartiments dont on ne se sert pas a` tel ou tel moment de l'action sce´nique ; on tend au vraisemblance par l'utilisation de tapisseries qui ont pour but de re´duire l'arbitraire. On imagine par la` le combat, qui va durer plusieurs ge´ne´rations, entre des conventions de moins en moins bien accepte´es et un besoin de vraisemblance qui finira par s'imposer a` la sce´nographie du 19e`me sie`cle sous le nom de re´alisme sce´nique puis de naturalisme. Pourtant, au moment ou` la sce`ne d'illusion se perfectionne jusqu'au de´tail avec le naturalisme, la convention renai^t et se renouvelle : 'la convention consciente' veut de´voiler le fonctionnement propre du the´a^tre ; elle devient le signe de reconnaissance de la the´a^tralite´. Par tous ces e´le´ments de´libe´re´ment propose´s comme arbitraires, la sce´nographie fait comprendre au spectateur qu'il est au the´a^tre, qu'il assiste a` un jeu dont on ne cherche plus a` masquer le me´canisme. Ainsi nai^t une nouvelle vision du monde et du the´a^tre : plus c'est faux, plus c'est vrai ; en multipliant les signes visibles de l'artifice du the´a^tre, on essaye de s'approcher de la ve´rite´ des choses...

OMR 답안지 판독을 위한 영상의 전처리 방법

권갑현,서정상 동양대학교 2000 동양대학교 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

Recently, in every class of schools and evaluation institutes they are checking the OMR exam sheets through a card reader for exclusive use. Not only because it is very expensive but also because there is few domestic made card reader, it's true that we usually depend on imported products. On the other hand, as the image processing techniques have been improved largely, a digital camera which is image-inputting device is spreading widely. This study suggests a preprocessing method that can put OMR exam sheet in by using a digital camera and read it by using a PC. After we emphasize the contrast of the image that was put into a PC, make it binary, and clear the isolated noises in the binarized image, and then we can make marts on the card be interpreted exactly.

하악전돌증환자의 악교정수술후 하악각변화에 관한 임상적 분석

권영호,장현중,이상한 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.2

Predictional study for lateral change between pre- and post-orthognathic surgery has been emphasized mainly on anterior area of lateral profile ; upper lip, lower lip and chin et al. So interest for lateral profile change has been less in posterior area of lateral profile and literature analyzing gonial angle change is rare. The purpose of this study is to make prediction for gonial angle change possible and to offer somewhat treatment guidance for gonial angle to be improved by investigating overall gonial angle change between pre- and post-orthognathic surgery and inquiring into factors influencing on pattern of genial angle change. For this study 35 patients were selected retrospectively. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken in just pre-op time, pod 1 day, pod 1 year. They were analyzed and genial angles were measured. The results were as follows : 1.Gonial angle at pod 1 day was decreased about 9.3˚than pre-op and gonial angle at pod 1 year was increased about 4.0˚than pod 1 day. So genial angle at pod 1 year was decreased about 5.3˚than pre-op genial angle(p<0.01). 2.Mean pre-op gonial angle was 129.4˚, showing significantly high value than normal and mean gonial angle at pod 1 year was 124.1˚, showing value near to normal. 3.Mean gonial angle change between pre-op and pod 1 year was decreased about 5.4˚ in female and 5.3˚ in male. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female(p>0.05). 4.Principal factor influencing on decreased gonial angle in gonial angle change between pre-op and pod 1 year was amount of mandibular setback. 5.Principal factor influencing on increased gonial angle in gonial angle change between pod 1 day and pod 1 year was % horizontal relapse, and it was thought that resorption and bone remodelling on posterior area in mandibular distal segment also were related to increased gonial angle. 6.It is thought that sagittal split ramus osteotomy in mandibular prognathic patients with high value of gonial angle is effective to improvement of gonial angle, and In patients who have normal range of gonial angle and are required with excessive mandibular setback, short lingual cut method, additional resection of posterior margin of distal segment, Obwegeser II method will be considerd. 7.More prudent operation and careful post-op management will be responsible for maintenance of post-operactive stable gonial angle.

측사위경두개방사선사진(Oblique Transcranial Radiograph)을 이용한 하악전돌증환자의 하악지 시상골절단술후 하악과두위치변화 분석

권대근,이상한,장현중 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1995 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.17 No.1

This study was intended to evaluate condyle position and the relationship of condyle position change and post surgical relapse following the sagittal split ramus osteotomy for mandible setback in 25 patients by paired t-test and multiple regression analysis. We used oblique transcranial and cephalometric radiographs taken before operation, immediate after operation, and at least 6 months post operatively. 1. In oblique transcranial view, posterior joint space was decreased immediate after operation and increased 6 months after operation. To compare the measurement before and 6 months after operation, there was no statistically significant change in over all joint spaces(P>0.05). 2. The joint spaces changed under the 0.2mm were 30%, 0.2mm to 1.0mm were 60.7%, above 1.0mm were 9.3%. This result reveals that condyle position was relatively reproduced to pre-operative state. 3. Statistically, the amount of mandible set back didn't influence the post operative relapse(P>0.05). 4. Statistically, the amount of mandible set back didn't influence the condylar displacement(P>0.05), and the amount of joint space change didn't influence the post operative relapse.(P>0.05) The changes in joint space is in the standard tracing error or within the adaptive capacity of the individual, it was too small to influence the stability of surgery.

흰 쥐에서 Olanzapine의 장간 재순환을 설명하기 위한 약동학적 모델

백현문,채정우,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract - Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug that is widely used for the treatment of schizophrenia and acute bipolar disorder. It had been reported that olanzapine was shown enterohepatic recirculation in rat and human. But pharmacokinetic model for enterohepatic recirculation of olanzapine had not been developed yet. In this study, we developed pharmacokinetic model for enterohepatic recirculation of olanzapine. 30mg/kg of olanzapine was administered to rats (n=7) by oral and plasma concentration of olanzapine was determined by HPLC-MS/MS(API2000). Noncompartmental analysis was done by WinNonlin and pharamcokinetic model was developed by NONMEM ver 7.2. Enterohepatic recirculation model was developed with two compartment including gall bladder compartment with mtime option and evaluation was done by visual predictive check(VPC) and bootstrap. As a result of VPC and bootstrap, our model was robust and parameter values were reliable. In conclusion, pharmacokinetic model for enterohepatic recirculation of olanzapine was successfully developed and evaluated. The model was appropriate to predict the plasma concentration of olanzapine in rat and may be useful to develop human model in further study.

사회교육 무용 프로그램이 정신건강에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

권의준,윤현정 목원대학교 자연과학연구소 2000 自然科學 硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 구청 문화원에서 주관하는 사회교육 프로그램 중 중년 여성들이 무용 프로그램에 참가후 신체적 정신적 건강 측면에서 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해서 서울특별시 소재 3개 구청의 문화원과 경기도 고양시 관내 3개의 문화원의 프로그램 참가자 138명이 본 연구에 참여 하였으며 이들이 정신건강차원에서 여러 발생 요인들을 공변량 분석을 통해 분석한 결과 프로그램 참여자가 비참여자에 비해 정신적 건강에 대한 치료효과가 있음을 입증하고 있다.

박막 크로멜-알루멜 열전퇴형 교류-직류 변환기

정인식,김호운,김진섭,이정희,이종현,신장규,박세일,권성원 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

A planar chromel-alumel multijunction ac-dc converter was fabricated on a LPCVD Si_(3)N_(4)/SiO_(2)/Si_(3)N_(4)-diaphragm, prepared by silicon bulk micromachining, which thermally isolated a bifilar evanohm-heater and the hot junctions of a chromel-alumel thermopile from the silicon substrate. The voltage responsivity, the ac-dc transfer error, and the fluctuation of the output thermoelectric voltage of the converter were investigated. The respective voltage responsivities in air and in a vacuum of the converter were about 3.16 mV/mW and 9.41 mV/mW. The ac-dc voltage and the current transfer errors in air were about ±1.5 ppm and ±0.7 ppm in a frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 kHz, respectively. The fluctuation of the output thermoelectric voltage from 5 seconds to 120 seconds after preheating in air for 5 seconds was about 0.06 % for a heater input of dc 1 V.

전위된 상악 견치 및 하악 측절치의 치험례

권해숙,현홍근,김영재,김정욱,장기택,김종철,한세현,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

Tooth transposition is an anomaly of eruption characterized by the interchanged positions of two adjacent teeth, which is divided into complete and incomplete transposition. There are three common approaches for treating transposition: aligning the involved teeth in their transposed positions, moving them to their correct anatomic position in the arch and extracting one of the transposed teeth. Considerations in treatment plans are esthetic, function, risk of jeopardizing the roots and damaging the supporting structures, position of the root apex, developmental stages of teeth and expected compliance. The presented case reports described one maxillary canine-the first premolar transposition and two mandibular lateral incisor-canine transpositions. The former transposed teeth were arranged in their transposed position, and the latter transposed teeth were rearranged into their normal position. 치아전위란 인접한 두 치아의 위치가 서로 바뀐 치아 위치 이상을 말하며, 치관과 치근의 위치에 따라 완전전위와 불완전전위로 나눌 수 있다. 하악보다는 상악에 편측성으로 호발하며, 특히 상악 견치에서 자주 발생한다. 전위는 발견 시기와 전위된 양상에 따라 치료방법이 달라질 수 있다. 본 증례는 상악 견치와 제1소구치 간의 전위가 일어난 10세 7개월의 환아와 하악 측절치와 견치 간의 전위가 일어난 8세 11개월 환아와 8세 9개월 환아의 교정치료에 대한 것으로 양호한 치료 결과를 얻었고, 증례 별로 치료방법의 차이점에 관한 고찰을 하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

몇 가지 항진균제가 Aspergillus fumigatus에 의한 대식세포의 Cytokine 생산에 미치는 영향

권은영,박철민,박선희,최수미,이동건,유진홍,신완식,최정현 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.1

배경 : 현재 임상에서 사용되는 서로 다른 계열의 항진균제가 면역세포인 폐 대식세포(alveolar macrophage)에서의 cytokine 생산과 nuclear factor- κB (NF- κB)활성에 미치는 영향을 시험관내에서 파악하고 그 의미를 추론해 보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : AmB, MF, ITZ 등 세 가지 항진균제가 쥐의 폐 대식세포인 RAW264.7 세포의 생존에 미치는 영향과, 이들 항진균제의 전처치가 Aspergillus fumigatus conidia 자극에 의한 RAW264.7 세포에서의 TNF-α, IL-10 생산, NF-κB 활성에 미치는 영향, 그리고 GMCSF와의 상승 작용 등을 WST-1, ELISA, western blot assay를 이용해 통해 측정하였다. 결과 : AmB, MF, ITZ 모두 농도 의존적으로 RAW264.7 세포의 생존을 감소시켰다. A. fumigatus conidia 자극으로 RAW264.7 세포에서 TNF-α 생산이 증가하였으며, 세포 생존에 영향을 미치지 않는 농도의 AmB를 전처치하고 conidia로 자극한 경우 TNP-α 생산에는 차이를 보이지 않았으나, MF와 ITZ을 전처치한 경우에는 TNF-α 생산이 감소하였다. GM-CSF는 AmB 전처치 및 A. fumigatus conidia 자극에 의한 TNF-α 생산에 상승 효과를 보였으나, MF, ITZ은 GM-CSF에 의한 상승 효과를 보이지 않았다. IL-10은 AmB에 의해 생산량이 증가하였으며 GM-CSF와 동시 투여시 IL-10 생산이 유의하게 상승하였다. MF와 ITZ 역시 RAW264.7 세포에서 IL-10 생산을 유도하였으나 AmB에 비해 상승폭이 적었으며 GM-CSF와의 상승 효과는 관찰되지 않았다. A. fumigatus conidia는 NF- κB를 활성화하였으며 항진균제와 GM-CSF 등 약제 처치에 따른 NF-κB의 활성 정도는 분비된TNF-α와 IL-10의 생산 정도와 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : AmB, MF, ITZ 등 본 연구에 사용된 항진균제는 시험관내에서 A. fumigatus conida로 자극하는 RAW264.7 세포에 전처치함으로써 염증성 cytokine인 TNF-α의 생산을 감소시키고 항염증성 cytokine인 IL-10의 생산을 증가시키는 면역 조절 효과를 나타낼 수 있음이 관찰되었다. 추후 약제간의 면역조절 기능 차이가 항진균효과에 미치는 영향 및 약제에 따른 면역 조절 경로 등에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background : We wanted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of three antifungal agents, amphotericin B (AmB), micafungin (MF), itraconazole (ITZ), in the aspect of cytokine production and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the Aspergillus fumigatus conidia treated-RAW264.7 cells, a murine alveolar macrophage cell line. Materials and Methods : We evaluated cytotoxic effect of antifungal agents using commercial cell proliferation assay. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 production according to stimulation (control, A. fumigatus conidia only, conidia + antifungal drug, conidia + antifungal drug + GM-CSF) was evaluated and compared each using commercial ELISA method. NF-κB activation was evaluated by western blot analysis. Results : AmB, MF, ITZ showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on the tested cells. Stimulation of cells by A. fumigatus conidia induced TNF-α production. Pretreatment of AmB at concentration not affecting cellular survival did not change the production of TNF-α compared to conidia treated cells, but pretreament of MF or ITZ showed reduced amount of TNF-α production compared to conidia treated cells. AmB also showed synergistic effect on TNF-α production when simultaneously treated with GM-CSF. IL-10 production was markedly increased when the cells were treated with AmB with conidia. MF and ITZ induced less increase of IL-10 production than AmB. AmB also showed synergistic effect on the production of IL-10 when treated with GM-CSF simultaneously. A. fumigatus conidia enhanced expression of NF-κB. The degree of NF-κB expression was associated with the amount of TNF-α and IL-10 produced. Conclusion : The antifungal agents we used in this experiment showed that decreased TNF-α production and increased IL-10 production from the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by A. fumigatus conidia after pretreatment of antifungal agents. But more studies, such as the association between immunomodulatory effect, antifungal activity and difference of signal pathway of cellular activation according to drugs should be performed.