Pachysolen tannophilus 의 고농도 Inocula 를 이용한 Hemicellulose hydrolyzate 의 알코올 발효

정인식,한태룡 한국농화학회 1987 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.30 No.4

High-level yeast inocula was investigated as a means of overcoming the inhibition problem in ethanol fermentation of hemicellulose hydrolyzate. When the inoculum exceeded 25g dry cells/liter, the fermentation proceeded completely to the end within 24 hours. Furfural was taken up by Pachysolen tannophilus and catabolized to furfuryl alcohol. Thus inhibitory effect of furfural component was less adverse toward ethanol production than that of non-furfural components in hemicellulose hydrolyzate. The specific ethanol productivity in the fermentation of hemicellulose hydrolyzate was 14% of that of simulated media containing 41.8g xylose and 2.3g furfural per liter.

만성 위염

정인식 藥業新聞社 1994 醫藥情報 Vol.1994 No.2

5'-Untranslated Region에 존재하는 Iron Responsive Element에 의한 Ferritin 합성조절

정인식,이중림,김해영,Chung, In-Sik,Lee, Jung-Lim,Kim, Hae-Yeong 한국응용생명화학회 1998 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.33 No.2

철의 대사과정에 관여하는 ferritin 단백질의 발현은 ferritin transcript의 5'-untranslated region에 위치한 iron-responsive element (IRE)와 철 농도 조절 단백질의 결합에 의해 조절된다. 이러한 ferritin의 생성에 관여하는 구조적인 요소를 밝히기 위해, RNA 이차구조인 IRE의 bulge 부분을 다른 염기로 변환시켜 철 농도 조절단백질에 의한 RNA 결합력과 ferritin 단백질의 생성의 저해정도를 비교 측정하였다. 측정된 결과로부터 IRE의 bulge 부분의 시토신 염기배열만이 RNA 이차구조의 형성에 중요한 작용을 하여 ferritin 합성을 조절할 수 있는 것을 보였다. The expression of ferritin involved in iron metabolism is regulated at the translational level by the interaction of iron regulatory protein with iron-responsive element(IRE) in the 5'-untranslated region of ferritin transcript. To identify the role of structural element utilized for translational regulation of ferritin, we studied the effects of mutations in the ferritin IRE by measuring IRP binding activity and translational activity. Our data suggest that the cytosine at bulged position of IRE within ferritin is important for the formation of RNA secondary structure involved in translational regulation.

대량출혈을 동반한 십이지장 이소성 췌장 1예

정인식,박두호,차상복,장기육,최규용,오수혁,채현석 대한소화기내시경학회 1997 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.17 No.2

Ectopic pancreas is commonly located at stomach, duodenum and jejunum. It is a relatively rare entity and is usually of no clinical importance which especially is a very rare source of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We have recently experienced a case of an ectopic pancreas in the second portion of the duodenum which was proven to be a source of massive gastrointestinal bleeding by duodenoscopy and was confirmed by surgical exploration.

A Consideration of the Preposition instead of

정인식,채숙희 대한언어학회 2013 언어학 Vol.21 No.1

The object of this paper is to show that the preposition instead of can take a greater variety of grammatical categories for its complement than the other prepositions chiefly taking a noun phrase, a gerund, and/or a wh-clause for their complements. It is also to explore what makes it possible for this preposition to do so. We have found out that it is structurally different from the other prepositions in that it has the property of coordinateness and joins A and B coordinately in the string A instead of B, just as a coordinator links the conjuncts of the same grammatical category. This study argues that this makes it possible for instead of to take more various types of grammatical categories for its complements than the other prepositions. It also makes the category of B predictable from that of A and vice versa. Based on this point we refer to the preposition instead of as a coordinate preposition.

A Study on Global Orientation in New Product Development among Small and Medium-Sized Firms

정인식,곽주영,이동진 서울대학교 경영연구소 2012 Seoul Journal of Business Vol.18 No.1

While many small and middle-sized enterprises are entering into emerging markets to satisfy diverse consumer needs, limited attention has been given to global orientation in new product development among these small and middle-sized enterprises in emerging markets. In order to find the antecedents and consequences of this managerial value, we have developed and tested a model of global orientation in new product development among small and middle-sized enterprises. Specifically, we hypothesize that customer orientation and long-term focus have a positive influence on the global orientation among small and middle-sized enterprises, which in turn has a positive effect on performance. Data collected from 482 firms supports the model. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

On the Clause-Controlled PRO in English

정인식 대한언어학회 2008 언어학 Vol.16 No.3

The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 16(3), 119-142. This article explores the type of overt arguments that can act as a controller, on the basis of grammatical or semantic functions of a nonfinite clause, and shows that not only an NP but also a clause serves as a controller of PRO. Interestingly enough, PRO, which is controlled by a clause, does not occur in an infinitival clause and a gerundival clause but just in a participial clause, more specifically in a result participial clause. This study also addresses the directionality of referential dependence between PRO and its controller. When its interpretation is dependent on NPs, PRO usually precedes or follows its controller. It allows a bidirectional control. When it is dependent on a clause as its interpretational referent, however, PRO must be preceded by its clause controller. It allows only a unidirectional left-to-right control. The opposite is disallowed.

Product Strategy of Korean Exporters in China

정인식,XIAO SHUFENG 한국국제경영관리학회 2009 국제경영리뷰 Vol.13 No.3

There are only a handful of studies dealing with the issue of product strategy in international markets. In particular, the understanding of this issue for firms from non-Triad markets, for instance, firms from emerging markets (EMFs), is rather limited. The objective of this study is to provide an initial exploratory research on product strategy for Korean firms in Chinese market, and attempts to extend current product strategy research into emerging contexts. In this study, three viable product strategies for Korean firms - economy, superior-value and premium, are defined. Using survey data collected from 131 exporters, we first examine the nature of product strategy adopted by Korean exporters in China, and then investigate their performance implications. Findings reveal that superior-value strategy is the most frequently employed strategy by Korean firms, and firms choosing more value-added strategies, such as premium or superior-value, on average, demonstrate superior performance. This study will dictate important guidelines for Korean firms to target international markets and to better understand the importance of product strategy choice in this process.

Fuctional Relationship between Depredicate Nouns, Their Arguments and Their Prepositions

정인식 신영어영문학회 2007 신영어영문학 Vol.36 No.-

This paper explores a functional relationship between prepositions before and behind depredicate NPs. First, it addresses depredicate NPs in their relationship to the corresponding finite clauses, showing the occurrence of arguments not only in genitive forms and of phrases but also in other prepositional phrases as notional case markers. It also shows that there is a close relation between the word order of a SVO sentence and that of a depredicate NP and that there is a considerable consistency between both of them in a variation of a word order with regard to the discourse-familiarity of Prince (1981). Furthermore, in a combination of a preposition and its nominalized object, the former is influenced by the latter and behaves like a conjunction.

조직 학습 관점에서 중소기업의 EMO와 수출성과의 관계에 대한 연구

정인식,김은미 한국국제경영관리학회 2016 국제경영리뷰 Vol.20 No.4

최근 가속화되는 세계화 속에서 중소기업의 해외 시장에 대한 참여는 증가하고 있지만, 대기업에 비해 상대적으로 자원이 부족하여 중소기업의 수출 활동에 한계가 있다. 이에 최근 중소기업의 수출 활동에 관한 연구들은 중소기업 특유의 국제화 과정이나 수출 성과를 향상시킬 수 있는 경쟁 자원 및 전략에 관한 내용이 주를 이루는데, 특히 수출시장지향성은 부족한 내부 자원의 한계를 극복하고 보다 효율적으로 수출 활동을 할 수 있는 주요한 수단으로 인식되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중소기업의 수출시장지향성에 초점을 두고, 이러한 수출시 장지향성이 중소기업의 수출성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 특히, 본 연구에 서는 조직 학습의 관점에서 국제 경험이 수출시장지향성과 수출성과의 관계에 조절효과를 보일 것으로 기대하였으며, 국제 경험을 수출 기간 및 범위, 강도로 구분하여 영향력의 차이를 살펴보고자 하였다. 한국 수출 중소기업을 대상으로 한 실증분석 결과, 수출시장지향성은 수출성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 수출 기간이 길수록, 수출 비중이 높을 수록 수출시장지향성이 수출성과에 미치는 긍정적인 영향이 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 중소기 업의 관점에서 수출시장지향성의 중요성을 인식하고 이러한 수출시장지향성이 수출성과에 미치는 영향을 알아봄과 동시에, 조직 학습 관점에서 국제 경험의 조절 효과를 하위 범주로 구분하여 살펴봄으로써 향후 중소기업의 수출시장지향성에 관한 추가적인 연구가 활발히 이루어질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The resource constraints and capability limitations common to small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs) present them with significant challenges to overcome in exporting activities. In spite of liabilities of smallness, however, smaller firms are likely to have more customer contact, a greater propensity for action and more flexibility than larger firms. Thus, export market orientation(EMO) could help SMEs to disseminate the generating information of export market effectively and respond more quickly than larger firms. From this point of view, this study examines the relationship between EMO and export performance in SMEs context. Especially, from the organizational learning perspective, the study explores the moderating effects of different types of international experience - export duration, scope, and intensity - on the link between EMO and export performance. Using survey data from 170 Korean exporting SMEs, the findings indicate that more export market-oriented SMEs rated the success of their export activities more highly, and the link between EMO and performance is stronger when export duration is longer and export intensity is higher. This study investigates how previous decisions about when to initiate exporting and the level of export dependence affect expect success through EMO. Although previous work has accepted the contingent view, the present study offers on a novel way of theorizing how the export activities leading to various types of international experience are intertwined with EMO effectiveness from the organizational learning perspective. Our findings show the important role of EMO on export success for SMEs and whether the positive effect of EMO on performance can be enhanced or reduced depending on the kinds of international experience.