한국인에서 일광 노출의 유해성에 대한 인지도와 일광 차단제의 이용 행태에 대한 연구

김상태,김기호,오선진,이승철,강세훈,윤재일,김진준,박석범,김홍용 대한피부과학회 1999 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.37 No.6

Background: Although deleterious effects of sunlight have been increased recently, the surveillance of the attitudes toward sun-exposure and the behavioral aspect of using sunscreens in Koreans has hot been carried out. Objective: Our purpose was to evaluate the attitude toward the harmfulness of sun-exposure and behaviors of using sunscreens in Korea. Method: Five hundred and fifty-two subjects were surveyed to assess the attitude toward sun-exposure, as well as the subjects knowledge about, and the use of sunscreens. Underlying data including demographic data, skin colors, skin types, occupation, and sun-exposure, were obtained. Results: Fifty-four percent of subjects believed that sun-exposure is bad for their skins, but, on the contrary, 12.5% believed it to be beneficial. Fifty-two percent of subjects used sunscreens. Almost all subjects(93.8%) knew why to use sunscreens but 62.7% of subjects did not know the meaning of sun protective factors(SPF). Women, indoor workers, subjects less than 40 years old, with less sun-exposed, fair colored skin, or with skin type I, II, III tended to know the deleterious effects of sunlight and the meaning of SPF and used more sunscreen. Conclusion: High risk population-men, outdoor workers, subjects oider than 40 years old, with more sun-exposed, dark colored skin, or skin type VI, V could be targeted with campaigns that promote attitudinal and behavioral changes.

Cellulose Nitrate의 알파粒子飛跡特性

田載植,黃善泰,都珍悅 대한방사선 방어학회 1984 방사선방어학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Cellulose nitrate의 α粒子飛跡特性, 特히 化學腐蝕條件에 따른 α 粒子의 飛跡直徑을 中心으로 硏究하였다. Cellulose nitrate의 KOH 溶液腐蝕때에는 同一한 腐蝕條件下에서 NaOH 경우보다 α 飛跡直徑이 約 3倍 크게 나타났다. 그밖에 腐蝕時間 및 粒子의 에너지에 따른 腐蝕直徑의 데이타를 얻었고, α 粒子의 照射條件이 같을 때 훌루언스率(fluence rate)이 腐蝕時間에 無關함을 알았다. A study on the characteristics of α-particle track on cellulose nitrate film was carried out with a particular emphasis on the dependence of track diameter upon chemical etching condition. The track diameters etched in KOH solution appeared to be, on average, three times larger than those etched in NaOH under the same etching condition. The relationship between the track diameters and both etching time and the energy of incident α-particles was also investigated. It is shown that the particle fluence rate is fairly independent of etching time as far as the condition of irradiation remains unchanged.

페야쿠르트병을 이용한 오수정화시설의 유기물 처리 특성 및 서식 미생물 분류

전진화,김희숙,허시선,민병윤 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1995 환경연구 Vol.17 No.-

The average concentration of BOD, SS, TKN and T-P of influent were 94.81, 105.58, 9.72㎎/L, respectively. Also, these average concentration of effluent were 7.94, 2.98, 18.21 and 4.95㎎/L, respectively. The corresponding removal efficiencies were 91.33% in BOD, 97.18% in SS, 67.30% in TKN and 49.0% in T-P. The process of this system was maintained stably because of flowing by gravity. The media used for this study was Yakult filter with specific surface area of 130㎡/㎥ and surface loading rate of 28㎡/㎥. In this system, the removal efficiencies of SS and sludge were higher than those of activated sludge process. Twenty eight senora and sixty eight species of aerobic bacteria were identified from floating water and Yakult filters in the septic tank. Especially, only two strains of the bacteria were found from the effluent. Alcaligenes, Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus of the bacteria were found, and they were known as excellent bacteria for the degradation of organic matter. Also, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Micrococcus, Proteus and Pseudomonas, which can denitrification organic matter, were found and phosphorus removal bacteria, Acinetobacter was identified.

초고속 전송에 대한 Ultrashort Laser Pulse의 새로운 스펙트럼 분석

전진성,조형래,오용선 韓國海洋大學校電波通信硏究所 1999 電波通信硏究所論文集 Vol.1 No.-

본 논문에서는, Class-2 PRS 모델의 전달함수인 Raised-Cosine 펄스를 이용하여 극초단 레이저펄스의 전송특성을 분석하였다. 이는 Class-1 PRS 모델에서와 같이 부분응답시스템의 수정된 모델로부터 얻어지는 고차원펄스를 이용하여 그 차수의 증가에 따라 FWHM폭이 현저히 감소하여 분석하고자 하는 극초단펄스의 형태에 근접하는 펄스를 제시하였으며, 그 스펙트럼과 전송대역폭도 차수에 따라 일률적으로 유도되므로 Gaussian, Sech형태의 펄스 같은 고전적인 방법과는 달리 광범위하고 정확한 전송특성을 분석하는데 매우 유용함을 밝혔다. 먼저, 부분응답시스템의 일반적인 모델을 수정하여 어떤 형태의 고차원펄스도 적용할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 그리고 제안된 모델을 이용하여 어떠한 형태의 FWHM을 가지는 극초단펄스의 전송에 대한 새로운 분석 방법을 제안하였다 제안된 방법을 사용하여, 설정 펄스 폭을 τ=1(㎰)으로 설정, 고차원펄스의 차수 n=1~100에서 얻어지는 FWHM 1(㎰)~100(fs)의 극초단펄스의 스펙트럼을 제시하였고, Class-2 PRS 모델의 FWHM 폭이 Class-1 PRS 모델보다는 차수 n에 따라서 약 50~100(fs)정도 좁은 FWHM 폭을 가짐을 밝혔다. 이에 대한 전송특성은 레이저펄스의 보편적인 신호방식인 Unipolar 체계로 설정하여, 가능한 펄스간격에 따른 PSD를 유도하여 제시하였다. 이러한 결과들은 고전적인 실험 방법과는 일치함을 물론 미래 극초단펄스 연구에 대한 혁신적인 방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것이다. In this paper, we analyze transmission characteristics of ultrashort laser pulses using the property of Raised-cosine pulse which are systematically obtained following Class-2 PRS model. The high-order pulses are easily derived from a modified PRS system model as Class-1 PRS model. This may be based on the fact that the spectra and bandwidths of the high-order pulses are beautifully related to their orders. And we make clear they are very useful to cover wider area and more accurate transmission characteristics of ultrashort pulses than Gaussian or Sech pulse approximations used conventionally. First modifying the generalized PRS system model, we propose a new model for deriving any type of high-order pulse. And we offer a novel analysis method of ultrashort pulse transmission which has any shape and FWHM, using the proposed model. In addition, by fixing the pulse range τ=1(㎰) and varying the order of the pulse from n=1 to n=100, we obtain spectra of ultrashort pulses with 1(㎰)~100(fs) FWHM's, and width of FWHM in the Class-2 PRS model 50~100(fs) smaller than Class-1 PRS model. As a one-step further, we derive PSD's of their pulse trains when they are applied to Unipolar signaling scheme. These PSD's are decided in the range of possible pulse intervals. All of these results are not only coincided with some conventional experimental works but also will be applied to any pioneering ultrashort pulse in the future.

가시오갈피 열매 추출물의 항돌연변이원성 및 세포독성 효과

전윤영,최승필,이효진,문선영,이득식,함승시 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2003 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.10 No.3

가시오갈피(Eleutherococcus senticous Maxim) 열매의 에탄올 추출물 및 분획물의 항돌연변이성 및 항암활성을 규명하였다. 항돌연별이원성 실험결과에서는 직접변이원인 MNNG, 4NQO 그리고 간접변이원인 B(α)P, Trp=P-1에 대해서 농도의존적인 돌연변이 억제활성을 나타내었다. MNNG (0.4㎍/plate)의 경우 S. typhimurium TA100 균주에서는 시료농도 200㎍/plate에서 클로로포름 분획물을 제외한 모든 분획물들에서 90%이상의 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 4NQO(0.15㎍/plate)에 대한 S. typhimurium TA98 균주의 경우 물 분획물의 경우 88.3%, TA100 균주에서는 에틸 아세테이트 분획물이 84.4%의 억제효과를 보였다. 간접변이원의 경우 B(α)P(10㎍/plate)에선느 에탄올 추출물과 핵산 분획물은 시료농도 200㎍/plate에서 각각 96.1%와 97.5%로 가장 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 그리고 Trp-P-1(0.15㎍/plate)에서는 TA100 균주의 경우 200㎍/plate 농도에서 에탄올 추출물과 물 분획물이 각각 95.5%와 90%로 높은 억제율을 보여주었고, TA98 균주에 대해서는 에틸아세티에트 분획물이 88.3%로 비교적 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 인간의 암세포인 폐암세포(A549), 위암세포(AGS), 간암세포(Hep3B), 유방암세포(MCF-7)에 대한 세포독성 억제 효과를 검토한 결과 모든 암세포에서 각분획물들은 1㎎/mL 농도에서 60% 이상의 비교적 높은 암세포 성장 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 MCF-7에서 높은 암세포 성장억제 효과를 나타내었는데 핵산 분획물(1㎎/mL)에서 92.7%의 높은 암세포 성장 억제 효과를 나타내었고 Hep3B에서는 부탄을 분획물(1㎎/mL)에서 82%의 비교적 높은 성장 억제효과를 나타내었다. This study was carried out to investigate the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim fruits ethanol extract on Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA 100 and cancer cell lines using Ames test and SRB assay, respectively. They were extracted with ethanol and then fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water to get active fractions. In the Ames test, most of the extract had strong antimutagenic effects against the mutagenesis induced by MNNG, 4NQO, B(α)P Trp-P-1. The ethanol extract (200 ㎍/plate) of Eleutherococcus senticosus fruits showed 87.2% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by MNNG against TA100. And also, The suppression ratio against B(α)P and AGS, MCF-7, Hep3B), the value value of inhibition were mostly above 60% for each fraction (1 ㎎/mL). Hexane fraction (1 ㎎/mL) against showed the strongest cytotoxic effects of 92.7% compared to those of other fraction and butano fraetion against Hep3B was relatively high growth inhibitory effect of 82%.

Health-related Quality of Life After Treatment for Malignant Bone Tumors: A Follow-up Study in China

Sun, Yong-Jian,Hu, Yan-Jun,Jin, Dan,Li, Jian-Wei,Yu, Bin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Aim: We conducted the present study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among bone cancer patients after surgical treatment in one large teaching hospitals in China, and assess the risk factors for improving the physical or mental HRQoL. Methods: 344 eligible adult patients who were admitted to the hospital with malignant bone tumors during the period of Jun. 2008 to Dec. 2011, and a reference group with 361 health cases was recruited in the same hospital during the same period. All 344 patients were followed up for one year. The HRQoL before treatment and after one year was evaluated with the Medical Outcome Short Form 36 (SF-36). Results: All 8 domains of HRQoL had the lowest scores greatly improved over the first year after discharge. However, the patients still had significantly lower scores in every domain than the reference group one year after discharge. Age and type of surgery were associated with HRQoL in the mental domain. Conclusion: The HRQoL of patients with malignant bone tumors greatly improved one year after the treatment. This study also highlighted the utility of HRQoL assessment for prognostic evaluation of patients after surgical treatment for bone cancer.

8.3% Carbamide Peroxide 함유 펜 형 자가미백제인 BIancTis Forte의 색조개선 및 안전성에 관한 임상연구

이진경,민선홍,홍성태,오소람,정신혜,황영혜,유성엽,배광식,백승호,이우철,손원준,금기연 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

This clinical study evaluated the whitening effect and safety of polymer based-pen type BlancTis Forte(NIBEC) containing 8.3% carbamide peroxide. Twenty volunteers used the BlancTis Forte whitening agent for 2 hours twice a day for 4 weeks As a control. Whitening Effect Pen (LG) containing 3% hydrogen peroxide was used by 20 volunteers using the same protocol. The change in shade (ΔE^(*) color difference) was measured using Shadepilot™ (DeguDent) before, during and after bleaching (2 weeks, 4 weeks and postbleaching 4 weeks). A clinical examination for any side effects (tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications) was also performed at each check-up. The following results were obtained. 1 Both the experimental and control groups displayed a noticeable change in shade (ΔE) of over 2 No significant differences were found between the two group (p>0.05) implying that the two agents have a similar whitening effect. 2 The whitening effect was mainly due to changes in a and b values rather than in L value (brightness). The experimental group showed a significantly higher change in b value thus yellow shade than the control(p < 0.05) 3 None of the participants complained of tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications confirming the safety of both whitening agents 8.3%의 carbamide peroxide를 함유한 펜형 코팅용 미백제인 BlancTis Forte (NIBEC, Seosul & JinCheon)를 실험군으로, 3% hydrogen peroxide를 함유한글 Whitening Effect Pen (LG. Seoul) 제재를 대조군으로 각각 피험자 20명에게 2시간씩 1일 2회 제조사의 지시대로 치아표면에 4주간 적용하도록 지시하고 색조개선 효능과 안전성을 평가하였다. 미백 효과는 미백 전 및 미백 2주, 4주 및 미백 종료 4주 후에 Shadopilot™을 이용하여 색 변화를 측정하였고, 매 내원시기마다 모든 환자는 치수생활력 검사와 치주 및 치태 검사를 통해 부작용 여부 (치아과민증 및 구감 내 연조직의 부작용)를 기록한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.실험군 및 대조군의 색 변화량 (ΔE)은 2이상으로 인지할 수 있는 색 변화를 보였으며, 두 제품 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아 (p > 0.05) 유사한 미백효능을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 2,미백효과는 명도의 개선보다는 주로 a. b값의 변화에 의한 것으로 특히 실험군에서 b값의 변화, 즉 황색조의 개선효과가 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p <0.05). 3.치아나 치은의 과민증이나 이상증상을 호소하는 피험자는 없어 두 제품 모두 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다.

유방암 환자에서 bcl-2 단백 발현의 예후 인자로서의 의의

류진우,박종권,정민,박동국,김정택,이두선,이찬영,전호진 단국대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

Breast cancer in women pose a problem, and it can be difficult at times to evaluate the possibility of the cancer recurrence in node negative early cancer. The reliable prognostic markers are needed in breast cancer management to help clinicians identify the patient with the high risk of recurrence and arrive at more rational decisions for proper treatment. In order to investigate the prognostic significance of bcl-2, an immunohis-tochemical staining was performed in 35 tissue sections from paraffin blocks of primary breast cancer. Bcl-2 positivity was 43%. No relation could be observed between bcl-2 expression and known prognostic factors(tumor size, lymph node metastasis state, histologic grade, and nuclear grade), There was strong relation between bcl-2 expression and estrogen receptor positivity (ER) (P〈0.05). No relation is found between bcl-2 expression and c - erbB - 2 expression. These results suggest that bcl-2 expression is associated with a favorable prognostic factor(ER) but it is of no value as independent prognostic factor to the clinician in identifying the patients with high risk of recurrence.

Lipomyces starkeyi 유래의 Dextranase및 amylase의 특성 및 이용

이진영,전선미,조정인,김도만 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1998 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

Endo-dextranase hydrolyzes the α-1.6-glycosidic linkage of dextran and α-amylase hydrolyzes the α-1,4-glycosidic linkage of starch. We have isolated Lipomyces starkeyi JLC 26, a constitutive and hyper-producing mutant for dextranase and amylase from Lipomyces starkeyi ATCC 74054, after mutation using X-ray and UV irradiation followed by zone clearing selection of starch and blue dextran. After partial purification of dextranase and amylase (DXAMase; both activities were always co-purified) by ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydroxyapatite chromatography and Cm-Sepharose chromatography, the specific activities of dextranase and amylase were 120 add 108 IU/mg, respectively. The pH effects for activity and stability of both enzymes from JLC 26 were similar to each other; Optimum pH and temperature for activity were pH 4.0 and 37℃ and for stability were pH 2.5 - 5.5 and 4 - 55℃ respectively. The reaction end products of dextranase and amylase activities were found to typical for those of endo-dextranase and endo-amylase. From dextran, the dextranase produced glucose, isomaltose and isomaltotriose with the relative value of 50.9, 20.4, and 5.5%, respectively. The amylase produced glucose, maltose, and maltotriose with the relative value of 58.3, 5.6, and 11.5%, respectively. Using mixed enzyme system with dextranase, amylase and dextransucrase activities with starch and sucrose, we produced new structural oligosaccharides as well as malto and isomaltooligosaccharides.

담즙정체성 간염의 임상적 양상

최선택,은종렬,임상우,김봉준,이헌주,구미진,최준혁 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2001 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.18 No.1

Background: Cholestatic hepatitis is failure of bile to reach the duodenum with hepatocellular damage and no demonstrable obstruction of the major bile ducts. The prognosis is usually good with recovery in less than 4 weeks after withdrawal of the offending drug. However, a prolonged course lasting over 3 months is possible and, in rare cases, progression to ductopenia with development of a vanishing bile duct syndrome occurs. A differential diagnosis with other causes of Chronic liver disease is needed. Materials and Methods: From January 1991 through Jaunary 2000, 14 patients diagnosed as cholestatic hepatitis by liver biopsy were inclouded. The possible causative drug, clinical features, laboatory findings, and progression of cholestatic hepatitis were evaluated. The semiquantitative study of liver lesions was performed by two independent observers. Results: Causes of cholestatic hepatitis are 5 cases of oriental medicine, 3 cases of anti-tuberculosis medication, 1 case of ticlopidine and antibiotics and 4 cases of unknown causes. The clinical features of cholestatic hepatitis were jaundice, itching, urine color change, and general weakness. During 6 to 30 months, LFT of 5 patients showed prolonged elevation. Elevated total cholesterol ≥250 mg/dL in 6 patients, pheripheral blood eosinophilia in 5 patients, auto-antibody positive in 6 patients were observed respectively. The biopsies showed intralobular bilirubinostasis with a mixed portal inflammatory infiltration. Conclusion: In cholestatic hepatitis. durations of abnormal LFT are variable regardless of causative drugs. If cholestatic hepatitis progresses toward chronic course, viral hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and autoimmune hepatitis should be differentially diagnosed and sequential liver biopsies are needed.