Gilbert 증후군에서 열량 제한 시험과 Phenobarbital 자극 시험의 의의(14예)

이헌영,채경훈,정재훈,강윤세,김연수,문희석,박기오,이엄석,김선문,김석현,성재규,이병석,이강욱 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

Gilbert 증후군은 인구의 7%에서까지 나타날 수 있는 매우 흔한 증후군으로서 비진행성인 양성의 만성적 경과를 치하며, 간질환의 증상과 징후가 없는 경한 비포합형 고빌리루빈혈증이 특징인 일종의 체질적인 증상으로서 혈장 빌리루빈 농도에 대한 사춘기의 영향 때문에 10대와 20대에 자주 진단이 된다. 따라서 임상적인 중요성은 미약하지만 높은 빈도가 예상되는 점에 그 중요성이 부여되어야 할 것이다. 따라서 적정한 임상적 진단법으로 기왕에 소개된 열량제한 시험과 phenobarbital 유도 시험을 시행하고 이들의 진단적 가치를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 1990년 7월부터 1999년 4월까지 충남대학교병원에 내원하여 HBsAg, IgG anti-HBc 및 anti-HCV가 음성이고, 간 초음파 스캔에서 이상이 없으며, 혈청 AST, ALT 및 AP가 정상인 비음주자에서 경한 비포합형 고빌리루빈혈증이 있는 14예의 환자들을 대상으로 ^(99m)Tc-DISID 스캔을 시행하였으며, 기저 치 총빌리루빈 및 포합형 빌리루빈 치를 측정한 다음에 하루에 400Kcal로 48시간동안 제한한 열량 제한 시험을 시행하였고, phenobarbital을 하루 60mg씩 5일간 투여한 후에도 각각 총빌리루빈과 포합형 빌리루빈 치를 검사하여 비포합형을 구하였다. 대상 환자들은 모두 14예로서 남자가 11예(78.6%)였고 여자가 3예(21.4%)여서 3.7:1로 남자에서 많았으며, 20대가 6예(42.9%), 30대가 역시 6예(42.9%) 및 40대가 2예(14.2%)로서 2,30대가 대부분(85.8%)이었다. 열량 제한 시험 후의 총빌리루빈 치, 비포합형 및 포합형 빌리루빈 치들은 평균 각각 5.5±2.7, 4.2±2.3 및 1.3±10mg/dL 로서, 시험 전 치들인 3.0±0.8, 2.2±0.8 및 0.7±0.4mg/dL 보다 유의하게(p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.023) 상승하였다. 포합형 빌리루빈 치도 유의하게 상승하였으나 비포합형의 상승보다는 훨씬 낮아서 주로 비포합형이 증가하였다. phenobarbital 투여 중 설사가 발생하여 중단한 1예를 제외한 13예에서 열량 제한 시험 후에 상승하였던 총, 비포합형 및 포합형 빌리루빈 치가 phenobarbital 유도 시험후에는 2.0±1.1, 1.5±0.8 및 0.5±0.4mg/dL로서 열량 제한 시험 결과보다 유의하게 낮아졌고(p=0.00, p=0.000, p=0.001), 열량 제한 시험 전의 기초치들인 3.0±0.8, 2.2±0.8 및 0.7±0.4mg.dL 보다도 더욱 낮아졌으며 유의한 차이(p=0.001, p=0.02, p=0.005)를 나타내었다. 14예에서 시행한 ^(99m)-Tc DISIDA 스캔에서 9예(64.3%)가 정상이었고, 5예(35.7%)에서는 심장 및 신장으로의 간외 섭취가 3예였고, 60분까지 소장 배출이 없는 배설 지연 예와 담낭 수축 불량 예가 각각 1예 씩 발견되었다. Phenobarbital 투여시험에서 민감도가 열량제한시험에 비해 더 높았다(92.3%와 50.0%). Gilbert 증후군에서 1일 400 Kcal로 48시간의 열량제한 시험과 1일 60mg의 phenobarbital을 5일간 투여하는 유도 시험은 편리하고 유용한 임상적인 진단법으로 이용할 수 있다고 생각된다. 그러나 열량 제한 시험에서는 증가 기준의 통일이 필요하다고 유추되며 phenobarbital 유도 시험이 민감도가 더 높은 것으로 생각된다. Gilbert's syndrome is very frequent and benign chronic process characterized by mild, intermittent, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia without any symptom and sign of liver disease. Previously intoduced caloric restriction test and phenobarbital stimulation test as two appropriate clinical tests had been examined and their diagnostic values were reevaluated. Fourteen patients with mild, persistent, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia were included. Subsequently caloric restriction has been applicated by 400 Kcal/day for 48 hours and phenobarbital has been prescribed by 60 mg/day for 5 days. Therafter serum levels of total and direct bilirubin were measured. Most of the patients were third and fourth decade(85.8%) and male predominant. Each basal serum levels of total, indirect and direct bilirubin were 3.0±0.8, 2.2±0.8 and 0.7±0.4 mg/dL. After caloric restriction test, each levels were increased significantly to 5.5±2.7, 4.2±2.3 and 1.3±1.0 mg/dL(p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.023). After phenobarbital stimulation test for 13 patients had been practiced, increased levels of each bilirubin after caloric restriction test were decreased significantly to 2.0±1.0, 1.5±0.8 and 0.5±0.4 mg/dL(p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.001) and these levels were significantly lower than basal levels(p=0.001, p=0.02, p=0.005). The sensitivities of caloric restriction test were 85.7%, 50.0%, and 71.4%, 35.7%(1.0, 1.5 mg increase of total bilirubin and 1.0, 1.5 mg/dL increase of indirect bilirubin). The sensitivities of phenobarbital stimulation test were 93.2% and 92.3% at criteria of 1.5 mg/dL increase of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin. On the diagnosis of Gilbert syndrome, caloric restriction test and phenobarbital stimulation test are convenient and useful diagnostic tools in clinical face. And also phenobarbital stimulation test has higher sensitivity than caloric restriction test. Furthermore, standardization of bilirubin increment would be necessary in caloric restriction test.

진성 복압성 요실금 환자에서 복강경하 방광경부현수술의 유용성: 타술식과의 비교 연구

김용태,엄민식,이석영,신관희,서정원,윤석중,이상철,김원재 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.2

연구목적: 진성 복압성 요실금의 치료법으로서 복강경을 이용한 Burch 수술을 타수술법과 비교하여 그 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 진성 복압성 요실금을 주소로 본원 비뇨기과에서 수술을 시행받은 44명의 환자를 수술법별로 분류하여 수술법에 따른 성공률, 수술 시간, 입원 기간 및 합병증의 빈도를 비교 분석 하였다. 결과: 전체 환자에서 수술 성공률은 86.4% 였으며 이들 중 복강경을 이용한 Burch 수술군에서는 성공률이 100% 이었다. 복강경을 이용한 Burch 수술군은 타수술군에 비하여 입원 기간이 짧았다. 복강경을 이용한 Burch 수술군은 합병증이 매우 경미하였으며 전체 환자의 31.8%에서 단기간의 배뇨곤란을 호소하였으나 장기간의 배뇨곤란은 없었으며 슬링 수술군에서는 3례(16.7%)에서 심한 절박성 요실금을 호소하였다. 결론: 복강경을 이용한 Burch 수술은 높은 치료 성공률과 낮은 합병증의 빈도를 나타내어 진성 복압성 요실금의 치료에서 매우 우수한 수술법으로 사료된다. Purpose: We performed this study to investigate the usefulness of laparoscopic Burch colposuspension as a treatment of genuine stress incontinence compare to other anti-incontinence operation. Materials and Methods : We analyzed success rate, operation time, admission day, and complication rate of various anti-incontinence operations in 44 genuine stress incontinence patients who have been received operation in our hospital. Results : Overall success rate was 86.4%, but laparoscopic Burch coposuspension showed 100% success rate. Laparoscopic Burch colposuspension required shorter admission day compared to other anti-incontinence oparations. Complication rate was lower in laparoscopic Burch colposuspension group. Short-term voiding problems were identified in 31.8% of total patients but 3 patients(16.7%) who have received sling operation complained severe urge incontinence. Conclusion : Laparoscopic Burch colposuspension is considered as an effective surgical method for genuine stress incontinence due to high success rate and low complication rate.

東醫壽世保元의 醫源論中 四象醫學의 醫源 및 特徵에 關한 硏究

崔賢,文錫哉,嚴泰植 圓光大學校 漢醫科大學 1984 圓光漢醫大論文集 Vol.- No.2

This thesis is an attempt to study in regard to a distinguishing mark and an origin of Sa-Sang (Four aspects) Medicine in Eui weun Noun (醫源論) : medical History) of the Domg-Eui-Su-Sae-Bo-Weun (東醫壽世保元) which was written by Lee Je Ma who was the one of the excellent oriental medical scholar in Korea, and futhermore to deep comprehension in Sa-Sang Constitutional medicine (四象體質醫學) which is Unique and sciantific. In this study, we has come to the conclusion ad follows ; 1. S.S.C.M. which was created by Dong-Moo (東武公) is the unique and excellent medicine. 2. In S.S.C.M. it is emphasized that an unballanced emotion is the one of the most important etiological factor. 3. S.S.C.M. come within the category of the traditional theory of the oriental medicine.

정향 수침액에 의한 아나필락시의 억제 효과

신태용,김상현,이석봉,엄동옥,임종필,이은희,김형민 우석대학교 의약품개발연구소 1996 藥學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

The current study evaluates the capacity of Caryophylli Flos water extract(CFWE) to regulate immediate allergic reaction by control of histamine release. CFWE was found to exhibit a ingibitory activity on the compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis. CFWE inhibited the serum histamine release induced in anaphylaxis by compound 48/80. CFWE was also showed a dose-depent activity on the conpound 40/80-induced histamine release from the highly purified population of Alcian Blue-positive peritoneal mast cells. This result suggest that CFWE may be useful for the prevention and treatment of allergy related disease.

退溪의『中庸』解釋과 그 특징

엄연석 慶北大學校 退溪硏究所 2005 退溪學과 韓國文化 Vol.- No.36

본 논문은 주희의 『中庸章句』의 관점을 계승한 퇴계의 『中庸』 해석이 어떠한 특징을 가지는가 하는 점을 규명하고자 한다. 퇴계의 『중용』 해석의 내용과 특징은 『中庸釋疑』를 통하여 그리고 문인들과 문답한 내용 등을 통하여 살펴볼 수 있다. 퇴계는 대체로 주희의 『중용장구』의 성리학적 해석 관점을 계승하면서도, 자신의 理氣心性論의 시각을 관철하는 입장에서 『중용』을 해석하고 있다. 퇴계는 박세당이나 이익이 道를 구체적 현실에서의 주체적 실천이나 오륜을 실천하는 덕목으로 보는 것과 달리, 性·道·敎가 형이상학적 실체 또는 규범, 그리고 이들 도리를 닦는 것으로 이해하였다. 또한 그는 『중용』에서의 費隱 개념을 형이상의 원리의 세계의 중층적 구조와 실재성을 표현하는 것으로 설명하였다. 또 한편으로 퇴계에서 存養 省察, 戒懼, 謹獨 등을 일관하는 개념으로서 敬은 마음의 본체로서 性과 작용으로서 情을 전제하고 본성으로부터 나오는 감정을 다스림으로써 理를 마음에 확립하고자 하는 데 의미가 있다. 이러한 퇴계의 수양론적 관점은 誠과 愼獨을 상제에 대한 종교적 경외심과 복종의 관점에서 해석하는 정약용의 시각과 크게 대조되는 것이다. 나아가 퇴계는 中和와 中庸을 안과 밖으로 구분하여, 중화가 性情에 유래하여 안으로, 중용은 덕행에서 유래하여 밖이 된다고 보았다. 퇴계가 중화와 중용을 내외로 구분하는 것은 이 두 가지를 형이상과 형이하로 구별하고자 한 것으로, 그의 理氣論 철학과 일관된다. 이렇게 볼 때, 퇴계의 『중용』 해석에는 무엇보다도 일상적 현실에서의 실천성 보다도 形而上과 形而下, 마음의 未發과 已發, 性과 情, 動과 靜, 善과 惡을 구별하는 二元論的 관점이 그대로 반영되어 있다. 이러한 퇴계의 사변적 형이상학적 관점은 실천을 중시하는 박세당, 이익, 정약용 등과 같은 후대의 학자들에 의하여 비판을 받았다. 하지만 물질적 욕구와 도덕원칙의 혼돈에 따른 현대적 위기를 해결하고자 할 때, 理를 도덕적 실체로 마음에 확립하고자 한 퇴계의 철학적 입장은 매우 중요한 의의를 가진다. This essay intends to illuminate what characteristic of Toegye's interpretation of Chung-yung中庸 succeeded to Chu-hsi's view of Chung-yung Chang-chu 中庸章句. The content and characteristis of Toegye's commentary of Chung-yung can look through the Chung yung seok yi中庸釋疑 and the question and answer between he and his students. Mostly Toegye not only accepted the neo-confucian viewpoint which Chu hsi朱熹 offered in the Chung yung chang chu¨中庸章句, but also interpreted Chung yung according to his own standpoint of Li chi hsin cheng lun理氣心性論. Toegye understood the nature性·the ways道·the instruction敎 to mean the metaphysical or moral substance, norm, and principle of teaching respectively. However, Park se-dang朴世堂 and Lee ik李翼 regarded the path as a method of man's moral practice or practical virtues of five moral items.五倫. Moreover, Toegye considered the concept of the expansive and secret 費隱 to express the duplicative structure and reality of the metaphysical principle. On the other hand, in Toegye the reverence敬 is a method of culture which is penetrated into the preservation and cultivation存養, reflection省察, caution and apprehension戒懼, and watchfullness over himself謹獨 etc. And it is the methodological principle by which man tries to establish the principle in the mind by governing the feelings which arise from the nature on the basis of the nature as the substance of mind and the feelings as the operation of it. And then while in Toegye's theory of cultivation the reverence means to govern the mind and feelings and cultivate the nature as the principle being immanent in human mind, Cheng yak-yong丁若鏞 interpreted sincerity誠 and watchfulness over the alone愼獨 in connection with the religious reverence or awfulness and obedience of the Lord-on-High. Further in response to the Yulgok's question to suspect that equilibrium and harmony中和 and the mean中庸 can not be divided into the internal and the external, Toegye viewed equilibrium and harmony as the internal by being derived from nature and feelings, the mean as the external by being originated from virtuous conduct. That is to say, Toegye divided equilibrium and harmony and the mean respectively into the internal and the external. This means that he tried to distinguish these two into that which belongs to the realm 'above shapes'形而上 and which belongs to the realm 'within shapes'形而下. And Toegye's view as this is consistent with his theory of principle and material forces理氣論. Viewed as this, the dualistic sight in which one discriminates that which belongs to the realm 'above shapes'形而上, from that which belongs to the realm 'within shapes '形而下, mi-fa未發 of the mind from yi-fa己發 of it, nature from feeling, movement from calmness, good from evil in preference to practice in ordinary life is reflected in Toegye's commentary of Chung-yung as such. The criticism against Toegye's view by such scholars as Park se-dang, Lee ik, and Cheng yak-gong, who made the moral practice or virtuous conduct be important, mostly arises from Toegye's contemplative and metaphysical point of view. However in respect that we try to resolve the contemporary crisis being caused by the confusion between material desires and the moral principle, Toegye's philosophy which tried to stand the principle as the moral substance firm in the mind has a very important significance.

Changes in Antioxidant Activity with Temperature and Time in Chrysanthemum indicum L. (Gamguk) Teas During Elution Processes in Hot Water

Seok Hyun Eom,Hyung Jae Park,Cheng Wu Jin,Dae Ok Kim,Dong Wan Seo,Yeon Ho Jeong,Dong Ha Cho 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.2

Determining the elution of water-soluble substances from herbal teas is an important factor in their efficient use in terms of taste, perfume, and content of health-related components. The antioxidant activity and content of catechins in commercial Chrysanthemum indicum (gamguk) teas were determined for optimum elution conditions. The water extract of gamguk teas did not differ significantly in yield compared to methanol extracts and showed stronger antioxidant activity. Catechin contents in gamguk teas were 8-18% of the extracts when individual peaks in high-performance liquid chromatography analysis were compared to standard catechin peaks. Gamguk teas exhibited faster release of antioxidants, and the antioxidant activity was positively correlated with the thermal treatments. Gukhwacha (GC) was the best tea for rapid release (30 sec) of antioxidants with the 50oC treatment, whereas antioxidants in other teas were relatively slower released.

Delta Closure and Delta Interior in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Topological Spaces

Eom, Yeon Seok,Lee, Seok Jong Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.12 No.4

Due to importance of the concepts of ${\theta}$-closure and ${\delta}$-closure, it is natural to try for their extensions to fuzzy topological spaces. So, Ganguly and Saha introduced and investigated the concept of fuzzy ${\delta}$-closure by using the concept of quasi-coincidence in fuzzy topological spaces. In this paper, we will introduce the concept of ${\delta}$-closure in intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces, which is a generalization of the ${\delta}$-closure by Ganguly and Saha.

Intuitionistic Fuzzy δ-continuous Functions and δ-compact

Seok Jong Lee(이석종),Yeon Seok Eom(엄연석) 한국지능시스템학회 2013 한국지능시스템학회 학술발표 논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Far Infrared Ray Irradiation Stimulates Antioxidant Activity in Vitis flexuosa THUNB. Berries

Eom, Seok-Hyun,Jin, Cheng-Wu,Park, Hyoung-Jae,Kim, Eun-Hye,Chung, Ill-Min,Kim, Myong-Jo,Yu, Chang-Yeon,Cho, Dong-Ha The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science 2007 韓國藥用作物學會誌 Vol.15 No.5

Wild grapes have been used as traditional medicinal use and alcoholic beverage production in Korea. The objective of this study is to improve antioxidant properties in Sae-muru by far infrared ray (FIR) treatment, with expecting potential benefits of FIR treatment for wild grape products during manufacturing processes. FIR treatment in berries induced increased content of catechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, gallic acid, rutin, ellagic acid, and resveratrol, while content of epicatechin and epigallocatechin was decreased. Although FIR treatment resulted either increased or decreased chemical component groups, presenting in HPLC chromatograms, antioxidant activity in Sae-muru extract was significantly increased by the FIR treatment. Our results suggest that FIR treatment should be an efficient process in the production of high content of bioactive molecules in Sae-muru.

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin in combination with attenuated doses of standard induction chemotherapy can successfully induce complete remission without increasing toxicity in patients with acute myeloid leukemia aged 55 or older

Eom, Ki-Seong,Kim, Hee-Je,Min, Woo-Sung,Lee, Seok,Min, Chang-Ki,Cho, Byung-Sik,Kim, Sung-Yong,Kim, Yoo-Jin,Lee, Dong-Gun,Choi, Su-Mi,Cho, Seok-Goo,Kim, Dong-Wook,Lee, Jong-Wook,Shin, Wan-Shik,Kim, Chu Munksgaard 2007 European journal of haematology Vol.79 No.5

<P>Abstract</P><P>Background: </P><P>In this study, the effectiveness and safety of combining gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) with an abbreviated schedule of standard induction chemotherapy were assessed in 37 patients (aged ≥55) yr with previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia (AML).</P><P>Methods: </P><P>GO was administered at a dose of 6 mg/m<SUP>2</SUP> as a single 2-h intravenous infusion on day 1. Following GO, an abbreviated schedule of induction chemotherapy consisting of idarubicin (12 mg/m<SUP>2</SUP>/d, days 2–4), and <I>N</I>4-behenoyl-1-<I>&bgr;</I>-arabinofuranosyl cytosine (300 mg/m<SUP>2</SUP>/d, days 2–6) was given.</P><P>Results: </P><P>Thirty-seven patients were treated with GO in combination with chemotherapy. Complete remission (CR) and CR with incomplete platelet recovery were achieved in 28 patients (75.7%) and one patient (2.7%) respectively. Two patients (5.4%) died during induction and two patients (5.4%) with grade 4 treatment emergent adverse effects during chemotherapy did not complete induction chemotherapy. The majority of toxicities were mild and manageable. Severe myelosuppresion was universal with significantly prolonged thrombocytopenic period. In total, 25 patients who received consolidation treatment, 19 patients remain alive at the time of analysis. Thirteen patients had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, three are preparing for transplantation and seven are receiving their consolidation chemotherapy course.</P><P>Conclusion: </P><P>Although only a relatively small number of cases were included in this preliminary study and the follow-up duration was short, frontline GO in combination with attenuated conventional chemotherapy was found to be effective and feasible in elderly patients with AML.</P>