Elderly kidney transplant recipients have favorable outcomes but increased infection-related mortality

임정훈,Lee Ga Young,Jeon Yena,Jung Hee-Yeon,Choi Ji Young,CHO, JANG-HEE,Park Sun Hee,김용림,Kim Hyung-Kee,Huh Seung,유은상,Won Dong Il,Kim Chan-Duck 대한신장학회 2022 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.3

Background: The number of elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease has been increasing, but the outcomes of kidney transplants (KT) remain poorly understood in elderly patients. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of elderly KT recipients and analyzed the impact of elderly donors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent KT between 2000 and 2019. KT recipients were divided into four groups according to a combination of recipient and donor age (≥60 or <60 years); elderly recipients: old-to-old (n = 46) and young-to-old (n = 83); young recipients: old-to-young (n = 98) and young-to-young (n = 796). We compared the risks of mortality, graft failure, and acute rejection between groups using Cox regression analysis. Results: The incidence of delayed graft function, graft failure, and acute rejection was not different among groups. Annual mean tacrolimus trough level was not lower in elderly recipients than young recipients during 10-year follow-up. Mortality was significantly higher in elderly recipients (p = 0.001), particularly infection-related mortality (p < 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, old-toold and young-to-old groups had increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14– 7.32; p = 0.03; aHR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.51–6.20; p = 0.002). However, graft failure and acute rejection risks were not increased in elderly recipients. Conclusion: In elderly recipients, graft survival and acute rejection-free survival were not inferior to those of young recipients. However, mortality, especially risk of infection-related death, was increased in elderly recipients. Thus, low immunosuppression intensity might help decrease mortality in elderly recipients.

Development of a Reduction Algorithm of GEO Satellite Optical Observation Data for Optical Wide Field Patrol (OWL)

Sun-youp Park,Jin Choi1,Jung Hyun Jo,Ju Young Son,Yung-Sik Park,Hong-Suh Yim,Hong-Suh Yim,Hong-Kyu Moon,Young-Ho Bae,Jang-Hyun Park 한국우주과학회 2015 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.32 No.3

An algorithm to automatically extract coordinate and time information from optical observation data of geostationary orbit satellites (GEO satellites) or geosynchronous orbit satellites (GOS satellites) is developed. The optical wide-field patrol system is capable of automatic observation using a pre-arranged schedule. Therefore, if this type of automatic analysis algorithm is available, daily unmanned monitoring of GEO satellites can be possible. For data acquisition for development, the COMS1 satellite was observed with 1-s exposure time and 1-m interval. The images were grouped and processed in terms of “action”, and each action was composed of six or nine successive images. First, a reference image with the best quality in one action was selected. Next, the rest of the images in the action were geometrically transformed to fit in the horizontal coordinate system (expressed in azimuthal angle and elevation) of the reference image. Then, these images were median-combined to retain only the possible non-moving GEO candidates. By reverting the coordinate transformation of the positions of these GEO satellite candidates, the final coordinates could be calculated.

산업자재용 폴리에스터 섬유의 강도 향상에 관한 연구

박영신,남영식,정상영,최재호,장기혁,박원호,Park, Young-Shin,Nam, Young-Sik,Jung, Sang-Young,Choi, Jae-Ho,Jang, Ki-Hyuk,Park, Won-Ho 한국섬유공학회 2012 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.49 No.1

In this work, effects of total draw ratio change on the mechanical properties of polyester fibers were studied. The process parameter was a total draw ratio and the draw ratios that were used ranged from 6.6 to 7.0. Tensile properties are determined from the tensile tester, and crystallite parameters from the density measurement and X-ray diffraction were discussed with the different total draw ratios. The tenacity, young's modulus and crystallinity were increased to 10.6 g/d, 123.2 g/d and 42.1%, respectively, with increase in the total draw ratio. The relations between total draw ratio and mechanical properties of high tenacity polyester fiber were discussed.

데스크탑 밀링머신의 고속 스핀들 설계 해석

장성현,황현영,정우영,홍정표,최영휴 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

During a decade, there are many researches on microfactory which is the miniature, flexible, and efficient manufacturing system for the micro/meso scale machining device. Moreover many micro machine tool has developed in Japan, U.S., Europe, and Korea. Already we are developing a desktop milling machine with 380×450×450 ㎣ machine size for microfactory or BT (Bio technology) factory. In this study, we carried out the design analysis of a high speed spindle system for our desktop milling machine by using ADROS, which is our own developed S/W for dynamic design analysis of rotor systems. As the result, we obtained some analyzed dynamic characteristics of a spindle system, such as natural frequency, whirl frequency, critical speed, and harmonic response.

하수슬러지의 전처리가 슬러지의 생분해성에 미치는 영향

장은수,최영균,김형수,염익태 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.5

Effects of alkaline, ozone, and combination of alkaline and ozone pretreatments on the biodegradability of sewage sludge were investigated. Solubilization efficiency in terms of SCOD production was higher in the order of the sludge treated with both alkali and ozone, alkali, ozone. Alkaline pretreatment was performed at pH 12 for 3hr and ozone dosage was 0.02 or 0.05 gO₃/gSS. When the sludge was treated with ozone without alkali addition, the solubilization efficiency increased with the ozone dosage. Batch tests were conducted using activated sludge as a seed and pretreated sludge as a feed. The highest biodegradability could be obtained when the sludge was treated with both alkali and ozone. Biodegradability of the pretreated sludge showed linear relationship with the solubilization efficiency, suggesting that the solubilization efficiency be a useful index to evaluate the biodegradability of the pretreated sludge. Production of carbon dioxide during the batch tests also indicated that the alkaline followed by ozone pretreatment showed the highest efficiency for the biodegradability of the sludge.

말기환자 관리에 대한 의사들의 태도

최윤선,김장욱,신승욱,이영미,이태호,홍명호 가톨릭대학교 가톨릭대학교 간호대학 호스피스 교육연구소 1998 호스피스논집 Vol.3 No.-

Background : Nowadays, it is possible to prolong the life. And to improve the quality of life of the dying patients, they need to receive not only the physical, pscychological, social and spiritual care but also comprehensive and continuous care. Also, doctors have to consider many ethical issues especially in the dying patients. The purpose of this study is to analyze the doctors' attitude of those ethical issues and emphasize the importance of hospice. Methods : During September 1996, doctors who worked for a university hospital participated in this study by responding to the pre-made questionnaire. It dealt with the most suffering pain, the preferred death place, the use of life maintaining equipments, the application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) to terminal patients and the doctors' experience and attitude euthanasia. Results : ① The most suffering symptom in dying patients was pain(60.0%). ② The death place was recommended by doctors was home(58.8%) and hospital (15.4%) in order. ③ 56.9% of doctors answered 'the life maintaining equipments isn't needed', 29.2% of doctors answered' according to the case', and 'needed' was 12.3%. ④ The application of CPR to the terminal patients, without the DNR chart, the only 15.4% of doctors answered "Do not CPR." But with the DNR chart, the percents of 'Do not CPR' was increased to 69.2%. The resident group did more CPR than specialist group(p<0.01). ⑤ The 50.8% of doctors agreed with the passive euthanasia. Conclusions : Many doctors follow the family member's opinion in the ethical issues of the dying patients. Euthanasia is forbidden by the law in Korea, but many doctors agree with the passive euthanasia. Hospice can solve the debating ethical issues including the euthanasia.

조기위암의 형태학적인 분류에 따른 임파절 전이 양상

최은서,강길,박정희,장정환,김권천,김경종,민영돈 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.1

Currently, in the limited cases of early gastric cancer (EGC), endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is used for curative treatment. However, its completeness is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to review the suggested indications of EMR. We retrospectively analyzed 234 patients with EGC who underwent curative (RO) gastrectomy. The enrolled cases were further classified into mucosal and submucosal types, and mucosal EGC were further classified according to the size, gross type and histologic pattern. 133 patients had mucosal cancers and 101 patients submucosal. The overall incidence of positive lymph node was 14.1% (33/234), the incidence of mucosal cancer was 8. 3% (11/133), which was significantly lower than that of submucosal, 22% (22/101). Of 133 patients with mucosal EGC, 90 were smaller than 2㎝ in size and the incidence of lymph node metastasis was 5.6% (5/90), compared to 43 of larger than 2㎝ with the incidence of 14% (6/43). According to the gross type classification of mucosal cancer, incidence of lymph node metastasis in protruded type (EGC type Ⅰ, Ⅱa, Ⅰ+Ⅱa) was 15.4% (4/26), nat type(EGC type Ⅱb) 2. 9% (1/35), depressed type (EGC type Ⅱc, Ⅲ) 8.3% (6/72). Lymph node metastasis in differentiated type of mucosal cancer was 6.9% (5/72) and undifferentiatcd type 9.8% (6/61). In this study, there was no single indication free from lymph node metastasis, It is thought that the selection of EMR for the curative treatment of EGC should be considered carefully and more clinical studies with long-term follow up are necessary for EMR to be generally acceptable.

개에 발생한 만성 승모판폐쇄부전증에 대한 Pimobendan 치료 1례

장재임,전형규,최호정,이영원,송근호 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2006 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.-

A 11-year-old intact male maltese dog with respiratory distress, cyanosis and coughing was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. Loud holosystolic murmur with a palpable precordial thrill was heard at the left apex region by auscultation. Left sided cardiac enlargement and mitral regurgitated flow were detected by thoracic radiography and echocardiography, respectively. Clinical signs were improved by treatment of diuretics, ACE inhibitor and pimobendan.

선속 변화에 의한 능동형 횡 동요감쇠장치의 효과

최찬문,안장영,서두옥,정용진 濟州大學校 海洋硏究所 2004 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.28 No.1

제주대학교 실습선 아라호에 장착된 능동형 횡 동요 감쇠장치의 성능이 선박의 속력과의 관계를 파악 하기 위하여 선박을 정지, 미속, 중속, 전속으로 구분하여 횡 동요 감쇠장치를 정지(Passive A.R.T), 작동(Active A.R.T)을 했을 때 경사계에 의한 횡 동요각 및 종 동요각, 풍속계에 의한 풍속의 변화에 의한 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 선박이 정지했을 때가 능동형 횡 동요 감쇠장치의 1/3, 1/10 횡 동요각 유의 진폭에서 감소률이 가장 높아 47.2%, 50.3%를 나타냈으며, 반면에 중속인 경우 가장 낮은7.1%, 7.4% 나타내므로, 이 장치는 선속의 변화에 차이가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 2. 선속의 변화에 따라 그 효율이 많은 차이가 있으므로 이 장치를 장착한 선박의 운항자는 이를 감안하여 작동하여야 할 것으로 생각되며, 통계분석 결과에 의해서 선속과 감소률의 관계를 회귀분석식으로 나타내어 보면 다음과 같았다. 즉, 횡동요각 유의 진폭 (Amplitude of and significant roll (φ_(1/3)) : y= -3.233χ + 45.613 횡동요각 유의 진폭 (Amplitude of and significant roll (φ_(1/10)) : y= -3.157χ + 46.840을 각각 얻을 수 있었다. This experimental paper deals with the performance of tanks that are turned the active A.R.T(Anti-Rolling Tank) when the fluid transfers from wing tanks to the opposite tank by the power developed by the automatic control system (INTERING Stabilizer), which was installed in the fishery training ship T/S. A - RA (G/T : 990 tons) of Cheju National University. In this paper, the author has tested the performance of INTERING Stabilizer from the signals obtained by the inclinometer in irregular waves and compared with the results obtained in passive mode operation at stop and at various ship speeds. The performances of the system were confirmed the results as follows through the tests : 1. The Rates of reduction in significant roll(φ_(1/3)) of performance of Active-Rolling Tank at stop. dead slow ahead, half ahead, full ahead were obtained 47.2%, 26.3%, 7.7% 9.7%, respectively. 2. The operators had to consider to be different to change according to the various ship speeds for working. and the author could get the linea regressions about the rates of reduction at the results of a statistical analysis through the time histories of rolling angles in A.R.T. in irregular waves using various ship's speeds. Rates of reduction in significant roll(φ_(1/3)) : y = -3.233χ + 45.613 Rates of reduction in significant roll(φ_(1/10)) : y = -3.157χ + 46.840

중심점 탐색없는 지문 정합 알고리즘에 관한 연구

장경식,임재영,최영규 한국기술교육대학교 2003 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

We propose a fingerprint matching algorithm that compares distance and included angle sequence among minutiaes with another's. We defined this sequence as minutiae constellation which has a basic unit is distance and included angle sequence among three minutiaes. This algorithm searches nearest minutiae from a minutiae and repeatedly searches nearest minutiae from just before searched minutiae. It doesn't search core and is independent of translation and rotation because matching stage only uses distance and included angle sequence.