cDNA array 방법을 이용한 망간에 노출된 흰쥐 뇌기저핵의 유전자발현 분석

이채관,노성민,문덕환,,김정호,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,김정원,김종은,안진홍,이채언 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: This study investigated the gene expression profile in basal ganglia of manganese-exposed rats based on cDNA array analysis. Methods: For cDNA array, 25 male Sprague-Dawley rats (250±25 g) were intraperitoneally injected with 25 ㎎/㎏ B. W./day of MnCl2 (0.3 ㎖) for 10 days. For dose-related gene expression analysis, rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 ㎎/㎏ B. W/day of MnCl2 for 10 days. Control rats were injected with an equal volume of saline. RNA samples were extracted from brain tissue and reverse-transcribed in the presence of [α^(32)P]-dATP. Membrane sets of the Atlas Rat 1.2 array Ⅱ and Toxicology array 1.2 kit (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA) were hybridized with cDNA probe sets. Northern blot hybridization method was employed to assess the dose-related gene expression. Results: Fifty-two genes showed significant changes in expression of more than two-fold. Twenty-eight were up-regulated and 24 were down-regulated in the manganese-exposed group compared to the control. Among the 52 genes, 28 genes including nuclear factor I-X1 (NF1-X1), neuroligin 2 and 3, mitochondrial stress-70 protein (MTHSP70), neurodegeneration-associated protein 1 (Neurodap 1), multidrug resistance protein (MDR), and endoplasmic reticulum stress protein 72 (ERP72), were reported for the first time related to the manganese-induced neurotoxic-metabolism in the rat basal ganglia. According to the dose-related gene expression analyses, MTHSP70, Neurodap 1 and ERP72 genes were up-regulated compared to the control even in the group exposed to low manganese dose ( 0.2 ㎎/㎏ B.W./day). Conclusions: Twenty-eight genes detected for the first time in this study were closely related to the manganese-induced neurotoxic-metabolism in the rat basal ganglia and further study of these genes can give some more useful information about the manganese metabolism.

유기용제 폭로가 여성 근로자들의 월경에 미치는 영향

김대환,이채관,김휘동,강동묵,문덕환,김정호,손병철,이창희,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.1

유기용제는 산업장에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 특히 여성근로자들의 폭로기회가 증가하고 있으며 이로 인한 자연유산, 수태능력 감소, 월경이상 등이 보고되고 있다. 따라서 유기용제 폭로가 여성근로자들의 월경에 미치는 영향을 보기 위해 설문조사와 월경주기별 여성생식 호르몬(progesterone, estrogen) 분석을 하였다. 그 결과 폭로군에서 progeterone의 억제효과가 유기용제에 폭로되는 여성근로자들의 다양한 월경이상을 초래할 가능성이 있는 것으로 생각된다. ■ Objectives This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of menstrual function in female workers exposed to organic solvents. ■ Methods Rates of menstrual disorders were studied in 87 female workers with exposure to organic solvents(Cn/Hn-value 0.713) in a factory manufacturing shoes and compared with 83 general female workers who had no exposure to organic solvents, Detailed menstrual and reproductive histories were obtained by personal interview using structured questionnaire, and plasma concentrations of progesterone and estrogen were assayed by radioimmunoassay(RIA). ■ Results The rates for menstrual irregularity, menstrual duration, blood clot in menstrual flow and dysmenorrhea were not significantly different in both groups. Number of using menstrual pad was significantly higher and the plasma level of progesterone during 6-11th day of menstrual cycle was significantly lower in the exposed group compared with non-exposed group(P<0.05). ■ Conclusions It seemed to be suppression effect of organic solvents on the reproductive hormones(progesterone and estrogen) in female workers. But there was no evidence that menstrual disorder was likely to result from exposure to organic solvents, because other behavioral, psychological and work related factors may also affect menstrual function.

KSDeN^TM process의 영양염류 제거 특성

김도군,천상욱,김병군,서인석,박철휘,김성준,류수현 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Intermittent aeration processes have been much of interest as an excellent alternative for nutrients removal for upgrading secondary wastewater treatment plants, with minimum modification. Also, operational flexibility of those proposes a good opportunity for newly planed plants. Here, a pilot study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a continuous flow intermittent aeration process (KSDeN^TM process). The influent was collected at the effluent channel of the grit chamber of a large sewage treatment plant. The influent characteristics with standard deviation were 243.2±170.9mg/L for TCOD_cr, 47.5 13.9mg/L for T-N, 8.4±8.3mg/L for T-P and 5.2±1.8 for C/N ratio. Effluent of 1^st sedimentation tank was 208.2±87.6mg/L for TCOD_cr, 35.0±10.3mg/L for T-N, 4.8±1.9mg/L for T-P and 6.1±2.3 for C/N ratio. The average removal efficiencies of TCOD_cr, T-N and T-P were 93.6, 77.0 and 86.4% and effluent TCOD_cr, T-N and T-P concentrations were 12.5, 9.2 and 0.7mg/L respectively, satisfying regulatory limits. Alkalinity deficiency was not observed during the oxic periods, which is one of the special features of an intermittent aeration process. The results showed higher COD, T-N and T-P removal efficiencies and stability with varying influent conditions, compared to other conventional fixed phase nutrients removal processes.

소규모사업장 용접근로자들의 소음·용접흄·망간 노출에 관한 연구

김동구,문덕환,이채관,박명희,함성애,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objective : This study was conducted for the purpose of investigating the level exposure of welders to noise, welding fume and Manganese(Mn) related to this process. Methods and Material : All subjects in this study were welders engaged in CO2 arc and coated arc welding process especially in small-scale enterprises classified by type of manufacture of ship building, repairing and of other fabricated metal products, which is located in Gimhae and Milyang of Kyeongsang province in south Korea. Air sampling of welding fume was measured, shipped and analyzed on the basis of national institute for occupational safety and health(NIOSH) method in U.S. and work environment measurement method established in south Korea. To measure Noise in the work environment, Noise dosimeter was used on the basis of work environment measurement method established in south Korea. Result : This study was performed during a period from January, 2000 to December, 2001 and Results were as follows: 1. Noise level measured in this work environment was higher than national criteria for permissible exposure limit on health examinations related to hearing loss. 2. The concentration of welding fume and Mn in manufacture of ship building and repairing was higher than those in manufacture of other fabricated metal products. 3. In conditions of existing in ventilation system installed and operated, the concentration of welding fume and Mn was slightly lower than those of not existing. 4. In conditions of existing in sufficient air supply from out door into the work place relied on natural exhaust system, the concentration of welding fume and Mn was slightly lower than those of in not sufficient. 5. In all subjects, a rate of wearing ear plug and respiratory mask for dust and fume was lower than that of not wearing. Conclusion : According to above results, this study suggests that more positive work environment managements such as the use of portable local ventilation system, the supply of highly qualified personal protective equipment, and consecutive education and training related to health protection should be need to acquire suitable health protection program for welders engaged in small-scale enterprises in Korea.

주요우울증이 근로자의 생산성에 미치는 영향 : WHO-HPQ(Health and Work Performance Questionnaire)를 이용한 예비연구

김원,황태연,함병주,이준석,최병휘,김세주,서용진,강은호,우종민 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.6

Objectives : Major depressive disorder (MDD) causes patients' distress and makes socioeconomic burden, both directly and indirectly. We used the concept of lost productive time (LPT) to estimate the indirect costs and calculated both absenteeism and presenteeism among workers with MDD. Mcthods : Depression group was recruited from workers visiting psychiatric outpatient clinic who had MDD without major physical or mental disorders (N= 106). Age and sex matched healthy control group was also recruited through advertisement (M=100). All participants completed a interview using WHO Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ), Job Stress Measurement Scale for Korean Employees, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Statistical analysis was performed with independent t-test or χ² test as characteristics of values (p=0.05). Results : The number of absence (0.94-day/month vs. 0.10-day/month, P=0.015) andthe numberofearly leaving (2.56-day/month vs. 0.24-day/month, P<0.001) were significantly higher in the depression group. Depression group evaluated their Perfor-mance level much lower than controls with significant value (5.16 vs. 7.62, P<0.001). In addition, depression group estimated their performance level during the last 4 weeks lower compared to the level of past 1-year (5.16 vs 6.63, P<0.001). The estimated costs of absenteeism in depression group were higher than controls by 2,520,000 Korean Won per year, and those of presenteeism were also higher by 4,880,000 Korean Won per year. The total costs of LPT in depression group were higher than controls by 7,400,000 Korean Won, which corresponds to 26% ofmean annual salary. In addition, the level of occupational stress, such as high demand and interpersonal conflict, was higher in the depression group. Conclusion : Major depressive disorder costs substantial productivity loss to workers and their company. Presenteeism imposes more time cost than absenteeism. Effectiveness trials are needed to devise cost-effective programs for the early detection and treatment of depression at the workplace.

한국 정상성인에서 이부의 골격 및 연조직의 상대적 비율에 관한 연구

김수연,이정근,황병남,이재휘 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1996 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.18 No.2

The esthetics of chin contour is very important in facial deformities, and the quantity of soft tissue overlying the symphysis can be helpful to the correct diagnosis and surgical treatment for optimal facial harmony. The objectives of this study is to measure the different thicknesses of skeletal and soft tissues of chin on lateral cephalometric radiographs, to obtain the mean values of normal Korean adults, and to investigate the relative proportions of skeletal and soft tissues of chin. The results were as follows ; 1. In normal Korean adults, the relative proportions of the distances of soft tissue toward skeletal tissue were 1.5 in B point and 0.95 in Pg, and there were significant difference between male and female in the relative proportion of Pg (p<0.05). The relative proportion of the distances of vertical soft tissue toward horizontal soft tissue of Me was 1.91, and there were not significant difference between male and female. 2. In normal Korean adults, the distances of skeletal and soft tissues of chin showed no correlation, but the distances of vertical and horizontal soft tissues of Me showed high correlation (p<0.01). 3. In normal Korean adults, the correlations among the distances of each skeletal and soft tissues of chin were significantly high in both of male and female (p<0.01). Among the relative proportions of the distances of skeletal and soft tissues, the correlations of the proportions of B point and Mp and the proportions of Mp and Pg were significantly high (p<0.01).

하천 수변공간 개발에 관한 연구

민병형,김가현,이승휘,이정환,유상호 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 2001 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.1

The concern for a cleaner environment together with the need to conserve and reuse our resources has created a challenge for which sanitary engineers, working with environmentalist, will be called upon to find new solutions over the next few years. The result of the study of development of the River's waterfront run as follows. 1. The introduction of the water facilities (which is) utilized in the neighborhood by adjacent citizens and the development of the water site (which is) equipped with facilities for environment must be actually progressed. 2. The concerned authority's favorable complation of the budget must be made up to construct the facilities as the district. 3. Close investigation on the coast and arbores and so on, must be progressed to develop the river in a manner (which is) close to nature.

흰쥐의 발치와에 이식한 단계별 치아싹의 발육 과정

정희훈,정한성,김성오,최형준,이제호,최병재 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

The purpose of this study is to evaluate at which stage of tooth germ would develop into normal calcification and hence to increase the success rate of transplantation. Therefore, tooth germs on the 15th, 17th embryonic day and the 3rd day of birth were separated for allotransplantation into maxilla of adult rat of 11 weeks. Calcification processes were analyzed radiographically and histopathologically at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after allotransplantation. The results are as follows: 1. Allotransplanted tooth germ at 4 weeks and 8 weeks showed delayed calcification compared to that of normal odontogenesis. 2. At 4 weeks, abnormal calcified tissue, such as odontoma and ankylosis of osteodentin with surrounding alveolar bone were observed. 3. At 8 weeks, allotransplanted tooth germs of the 15th and 17th embryonic day showed calcification and osteodentin surrounded by periodontal ligament. 4. At 8 weeks, allotransplanted tooth germs of the 3rd day of birth showed calcification composed of cementum and osteodentin. In this study, we observed small sized and amorphous calcified tissue from allotropic allotransplantation of tooth germs. Since these calcified tissue were underdeveloped and shaped irregularly, for calcification into normal tooth form, further study needs consideration about the reduction of surgical trauma, developmental stage of transplanted tooth germ, blood supply from recipient site, fixation method in transplanted site and period of transplantation. 외상이나 치주 질환,유전적 결함 등에 의하여 치아가 상실되었을 경우,보철 수복이나 임플란트로 치료하고 있다. 그러나 보철 수복이나 임플란트는 자연치가 아닌 인공치를 이용한 치료로서 기능성과 섬미성 등에서 자연치에 비하여 한계 가 있으므로 자연치를 이용한 이식 방법에 관심이 증가하고 있으며 치아 이식의 성공률을 높이기 위한 이식 치아의 발육과 성장에 대한 연구가 진행 중이다. 이 연구는 세 가지 단계의 치아싹을 발치와에 동종 이식하고 치아싹이 발육하여 석회화가 이루어지는지 평가하기 위하여 임선 15일과 17일,출생 후 3일 된 흰쥐의 치아싹을 분리하여 11주 된 흰쥐의 발치와에 이식하고 4주와 8주 후 방사 선학적 그리고 병리조직학적으로 석회화 과정을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 발치와에 이식된 임신 15일과 17일,출생 후 3일 된 치아싹에서 4주와 8주 후 석회화된 조직이 형성되었다. 2. 임신 15일과 17일,출생 후 3일 된 치아싹을 발치와에 이식하고 4주 후 치아종 같은 비정상적인 석회화 조직과 인접 치조골과 유착된 골양상아질이 관찰되었다. 3. 임신 15일과 17일 된 치아싹을 발치와에 이식하고 8주 후 골양상아질이 보였으며 치주인대로 둘러싸인 것도 관찰되었다. 4. 출생 후 3일 된 치아싹을 발치와에 이식하고 8주 후 골양상아질과 백악질이 형성되었다. 이 연구는 치아싹을 흰쥐의 발치와에 이식한 후 치아싹의 발육을 관찰한 것으로 이식 조직에서 크기가 작고 무정형의 석회화 조직이 형성되었다. 정상적인 치아보다 형태가 불규칙하고 발육이 늦었으므로 이식된 치아싹이 정상적인 치아 형태로 석회화되도록 하기 위해서는 이식 조직의 발육 정도와 이식 조직을 절제할 때 외과적 손상의 감소,치아싹으로의 풍부한 혈류 공급,이삭 기간,이식 조직의 고정을 고려하여 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

海岸構造物 設置에 따른 全沿岸漂砂量의 推定精度와 One-line theory의 適用性

閔丙亨,金嘉也,李承煇,李英載 東亞大學校 海洋資源硏究所 1992 硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.2

A numerical model for practical use based ont he 'One-line gheory' is presented to Simulate shoreline change due to consruction of coastal sturctures. The model contains the part to calculate wave deformation for estimaters of wave energy flux at the breaking point . The lgorithm for wasve deformation is bsed on the wave-ray method and takes the following effects into account,i.e.wave refraction, shoaling reflection and diffraction.n

계승치의 결손을 동반한 상, 하악 유구치의 다발성 유착에 대한 증례보고

정회훈,최형준,김성오,최병재,이제호 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

치아유착은 치근의 상아질 또는 백악질이 치조골과 융합된 것으로 치아의 맹출이상을 야기하여 치조골 성장의 장애를 일으킨다. 본 6세 여아는 유구치의 유착과 영구 소구치의 결손을 주소로 본과에 의뢰되었으며 특이할 만한 의과적, 치과적 병력은 없었다. 구강검진 소견상 상, 하악의 좌, 우측 유구치에서 저위교합이 관찰되었으며, 다수의 치아우식증이 존재하였다. 방사선 사진 검사 소견상 상악의 좌, 우측 영구 견치와 계승 소구치의 결손, 상악 유구치의 치근흡수와 하악 유구치의 치주인대공간의 소실 및 미약한 치근흡수가 관찰되었다. 계승 영구치의 결손을 동반한 유구치 유착시 치료목표는 적절한 치조골 성장과 유치의 유지이며, 유착의 발현 시기와 치근의 흡수 정도에 따라 관찰, 수복 또는 발치 등의 치료를 고려할 수 있다. 유착치아의 발치는 인접 치조골 성장에 문제가 없고 인접치의 경사가 일어나지 않도록 최대성장점(growth spurt)을 고려하여 그 시기를 결정해야 한다. Ankylosis is defined as a fusion of cementum or dentine with alveolar bone. Due to the loss of the periodontal ligament on the ankylotic area, the tooth is incapable of continued eruption and hence is unable to follow the normal vertical development of the neighboring teeth and alveolar process. A 6-year-old female was referred to the Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry for ankylosis of primary molars and congenital missing of permanent premolars on both jaws. She had neither specific past medical history nor trauma and infection history in oral and maxillofacial region. Radiographic finding is that the maxillary primary molars were the early onset of ankylosis and had fast root resorption rate. However the mandibular primary molars were ankylosed later and being resorbed slower than maxillary primary molars. The object of treating this case is to maintain the proper alveolar bone growth and retention of deciduous molars. The point of managing this case is as follows: Proper treatment (observation, restoration, of extraction) should be established after thorough consideration of the time of onset, the root resorption rate, progression of infraocclusion and the development of alveolar bone support. We should consider the timing of extraction of the ankylosed teeth without problem of neighbouring alveolar bone growth and tilting of adjacent teeth in the view of growth spurt. Early diagnosis is important to avoid many of the complications with infraoccluded primary molars.