Claudin-1 expression decreases with increasing pathologic grade in actinic keratosis and may be used as a marker of high-risk actinic keratosis

( Ji Su Lee ),( Hyun-sun Park ),( Hyun-sun Yoon ),( Soyun Cho ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common sun-induced skin disorder of importance for the progression to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. However, there is still no good way to predict high risk AK. Objectives: To identify markers which reflect the biologic behavior of AK and to understand the pathogenesis of AK Methods: A total of 52 patients with AK and site-matched 17 normal controls were included. We evaluated solar elastosis and immunohistochemical features using the following antibodies: p53, vitamin D receptor (VDR), claudin-1, and Langerin. Results: Solar elastosis increased and Langerhans cell (LC) density decreased with aging in both patients and controls. Solar elastosis and p53 expression were higher and VDR expression was lower in patients than controls; however, they showed no statistical difference in relation to the pathologic grade of AK. Claudin-1 expression gradually decreased from normal control to severe AK and decreased in the areas with epidermal atypia. LC density in severe AK was significantly lower than in normal control and mild AK; no difference in LC density was seen among control, mild AK and moderate AK. Conclusion: Claudin-1 can be a useful marker of pathologic severity of AK. In contrast, p53 increases and VDR decreases in AK not in gradual manner but in the early steps of carcinogenesis. LC density is relatively maintained in AK until it reaches severe dysplasia.

Multiplex PCR Detection for 3 Events of Genetically Modified Maize, DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604

Ji-Hye Ahn,Jae-Hwan Kim,Su-Youn Kim,Woo-Young Lee,Sun-Hee Park,Hae-Yeong Kim 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.3

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to simultaneously detect 3 events of genetically modified (GM) maize. The event-specific primers were used to discriminate the following 3 events of GM maize (DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604) using multiplex PCR method. The zein gene was used as an endogenous maize reference gene in the multiplex PCR detection. The primer pair Zein-F/R producing a 99 bp amplicon was used to amplify the zein gene. The primer JI-Das-F1/R1 for DAS-59122-7, JI-TC6275-F3/R3 for TC6275, and JI-MIR F1/R1 for MIR604 yielded an amplicon of 130, 162, and 197 bp, respectively. The detection limit of multiplex PCR was 1% for DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604 for one reaction.

Atypical pigmented basal cell carcinoma mimicking traumatic pigmented tattoo

( Ji Won Kim ),( Hyun-sun Park ),( Hyun-sun Yoon ),( Soyun Cho ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1

Basal Cell Carcinoma, the most common type of skin cancer in humans, usually develops in the sun-exposed area of head and neck. A 63-year-old woman presented with 1-year history of a bean-sized, slightly protruded bluish dermal patch in her right para-nasal area, and it gradually increased in size after she perceived its presence. It looked like traumatic pigmented tattoo because of bluish color and flat patchy features. A punch biopsy was performed, and the lesion was diagnosed as a basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Histopathologically, melanophages were seen scattered between typical basaloid BCC tumor nests in the reticular dermis, making the lesion appear similar to a traumatic pigmented tattoo by Tyndall effect. Typically pigmented BCC appears as a hyperpigmented, translucenet papule which may also have eroded borders. The patient only showed bluish colored patch without eroded borders, making it appear clinically similar to a pigmented tattoo. Herein, we report an interesting case of pigmented BCC which mimicked traumatic pigmented tattoo but was confirmed to be a BCC by biopsy.

Elevated TRAF2/6 expression in Parkinson's disease is caused by the loss of Parkin E3 ligase activity.

Chung, Ji-Yun,Park, Hee Ra,Lee, Su-Jin,Lee, Sun-Hye,Kim, Jin Sik,Jung, Youn-Sang,Hwang, Sang Hyun,Ha, Nam-Chul,Seol, Won-Gi,Lee, Jaewon,Park, Bum-Joon United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology [e 2013 Laboratory investigation Vol.93 No.6

<P>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second leading neurodegenerative disease, and is known to be induced by environmental factors or genetic mutations. Among the verified genetic mutations of PD, Parkin, isolated from the PARK2 locus, shows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and is known to be an E3 ligase. However, the physiological target of Parkin and the molecular mechanism of Parkin-deficiency-induced PD have not been clearly demonstrated until now. It has recently been proposed that inflammation, suggesting as a causal factor for PD, is enhanced by Parkin deficiency. Thus, we examined the relationship between inflammation-related factors and Parkin. Here, we provide the evidence that Parkin suppresses inflammation and cytokine-induced cell death by promoting the proteasomal degradation of TRAF2/6 (TNF-α receptor-associated factor 2/6). Overexpression of Parkin can reduce the half-lives of TRAF2 and TRAF6, whereas si-Parkin can extend them. However, mutant Parkins did not alter the expression of TRAF2/6. Thus, loss of Parkin enhances sensitivity to TNF-α- or IL-1β-induced JNK activation and NF-κB activation. Indeed, si-Parkin-induced apoptosis is suppressed by the knockdown of TRAF6 or TRAF2. We also observed elevated expression levels of TRAF6 and a reduction of IκB in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced PD mouse model. Moreover, elevated expression levels or aggregation of TRAF6 were detected in approximately half of the human PD tissues (7/15 cases) and 2 cases, respectively. In addition, TRAF6 and Parkin expression levels show a reverse relationship in human PD tissues. Our results strongly suggest that the reduction of Parkin or overexpression of TRAF2/6 by chronic inflammation would be the reason for occurrence of PD.</P>

노인용 게이트볼웨어 개발에 관한 연구

박지윤,최혜선 이화여자대학교 생활환경대학 인간생활환경연구소 2005 인간생활환경연구소 논집 Vol.- No.4

The purpose of this study is to develop an improved summer Gateball wear that will be much more comfortable and convenient than what is currently worn for the game by those between the ages of 60s and 70s. The investigation has been conducted to evaluate current clothing to find out any problems and discomforts related to the current clothing. For accurate data, hands-on investigation and a short interview have been performed. The questionnaires were answered by 230 persons. The result of the questionnaire enables us to design a sample Gateball wear. material, pattern and design have been improved. A sample Gateball wear was evaluated through a wearing test and an appearance test to compare it to current Gateball clothing. The sample gate-ball wear received more positive assessment than the current clothing.

쌓기 활동에서 유아들의 친 사회적 행동 출현에 대한 맥락적 이해

박화윤,마지순,최재숙 한국영유아보육학회 2002 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.31

The purpose of this ethnographic study is to explore the emergent context of prosocial behavior and to find the children's character promoting of prosocial that within the area of block. The result are as follows: 1) It appeared that emergent context of prosocial; behavior is completion of structures, participation of symbolic play using them and clean-up. 2) It appeared that children's character promoting prosocial behavior that appearence of altruism by children's perspective-taking, exchage of idea and problem-solving.

학교보건교육에서의 매체활용실태 및 영향요인 분석

박은옥,안지영,정혜선,김영임,박정영 韓國學校保健學會 1999 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

The objectives of this study are to explain the use of media materials in school health education with other related factors in elementary, middle, and high schools in Korea. The data were collected by questionnaires from June to September in 1988. The number of subjects were 294 school nurses. The PC-SAS program was used for statistical analysis such as percent distribution, chi-squared test, spearman correlation test, and logistic regression. The use of media materials in health education has become extremely common. Unfortunately, much of the early materials were of poor production quality, reflected low levels of interest, and generally did little to enhance health education programming. A recent trend in media materials is a move away from the fact filled production to a more affective, process-oriented approach. There is an obvious need for health educators to use high-quality, polished productions in order to counteract the same levels of quality used by commercial agencies that often promote "unhealthy" lifestyles. Health educators need to be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of the various forms of media. Selecting media materials should be based on more than cost, availability, and personal preference. Selection should be based on the goal of achieving behavioral objectives formulated before the review process begins. The decision to use no media materials rather than something of dubious quality will usually be the right decision. Poor-quality, outdated, or boring materials will usually have a detrimental effect on the presentation. Media materials should be viewed as vehicles to enhance learning, not products that will stand in isolation. Process of materials is an essential part of the educational process. The major results were as follows:1. The elementary schools used the materials more frequently. But the production rate of media materials was not enough. The budget was too small for a wide use of media materials in school health education. These findings suggest that all schools have to increase the budget of health education programs. 2. Computers offer an incredibly diverse set of possibilities for use in health education, ranging from complicated statistical analysis to elementary-school-level health education games. But the use rate of this material was not high. The development of related software is essential. 3. In this study, the most effective materials were films in elementary school and videotapes in middle and high school. Film tends to be a more emotive medium than videotape. The difficulties of media selection involved the small amount of extant educational materials. Media selection is a multifaceted process and should be based on a combination of sound principles. 4. The review of material use following student levels showed that the more the contents were various, the more the use rate was high. 5. Health education videotapes and overhead projectors proved the most plentiful and widest media tools. The information depicted was more likely to be current. As a means to display both text and graphic information, this instructional medium has proven to be both effective and enduring. 6. An analysis of how effective the quality of school nurse and school use of media materials shows a result that is not complete)p=0.1113). But, the budget of health education is a significant variable. The increase of the budget therefore is essential to effective use of media materials. From these results it is recommended that various media materials be developed and be wide used.

Mild Cognitive Impairment 노인군의 점화효과 특성

박재우,김도관,고선규,고효정,김성환,김재경,서민영,이인수,김지혜 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.3

연구목적 : 이 연구에서는 K-MMSE에서 25점 이하를 받은 50대 이상 노인들을 MCI(Mild Cognitive Impairment) 군으로 보고 이들의 인지 기능 특성을 점화 효과를 중심으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 먼저, 점화 효과가 MCI 노인군에서 있어서도 유지되고 있는지를 알아보고, 인지 기능의 손상 정도에 따라 점화 효과가 유의미하게 변화하는 지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 본 연구에서는 K-NAME 점수 25점 이하의 노인 96명으 대상으로 ADAS-Cog와 일종의 간접 기억 검사 도구인 지각적 파악 과제를 제작하여 점화 효과를 측정하여 인지 기능의 퇴행이 시작된 고연령군이 나타내는 암묵 기억 능력 특성을 알아보았다. 점화효과는 컴퓨터 상에 사전 노출된 자극과 그렇지 않은 자극을 순간 노출시켜 미리 노출된 자극에 대해 반응 시간이 줄어들고 정확 반응이 증가하는 정도로써 측정하였다. 이 때 지능이나 연령, 학력 수준과 같은 변인이 미치는 영향을 통제하기 위해 한국판 웩슬러 지능 검사의 <어휘>, <토막> 소검사를 실시하였고, 인구통계학적 변인에 관한 면접을 실시하였다. 통계적 분석 과정에서는 먼저, 연구에서 측정된 점화효과의 특성을 알아보기 점화 효과 측정치의 기술 통계치를 구하였으며 다른 측정 변인들과의 상관 분석을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 측정된 점화효과가 인지 기능의 퇴행 수준에 비례하는 지의 여부를 파악하기 위해 ADAS-Cog 및 나이, 교육 연한 및 지능 수준을 독립변인으로 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결 과 : 먼저 기술 통계 분석 결과에 의하면 본 연구에 참여한 피보험자들의 경우 점화효과에 의해 미리 노출된 자극을 평균 3.6개 더 정확히 파악하였으며 평균 59ms 더 빠르게 반응한 것으로 나타나 이들 집단에서도 점화효과가 유지되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 다음으로 변인들 간의 상관 분석 결과에 따르면, 정확 파악 반응 점수에 따른 점화효과는 전반적인 인지 기능을 평가하는 K-MMSE 및 ADAS-Cog와 정적인 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 반응 속도로 측정한 점화효과의 경우에는 나이와는 정적인 상관이, KWIS의 <어휘> 소검사 점수와는 부적인 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 본 연구에서 사용된 점화 효과 측정치를 종속 변인으로 ADAS-Cog와 KWIS의 어휘 및 코막 소검사로 측정한 지능 수준, 나이와 교육 연한과 같은 인구 통계학적 변인을 독립 변인으로 회귀 분석을 실시한 결과에 따르면 정화간응 점수로 측정한 점화 효과의 경우 상관 분석 결과에서와 같이 ADAS-Cog 변인만이 유의미한 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며 반응 속도로 측정한 점화 효과의 경우 나이의 효과만 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 결 론 : 이러한 결과는 경미한 인지 기능의 손상이 진행되고 있는 고연령군의 경우에는 외현 기억 능력은 손상이 시작되지만 점화효과로 측정된 암묵 기억이 전반적으로는 유지되다가 인지 기능의 퇴행이 진행됨에 따라 노출된 자극을 더 정확히 파악하는 능력이 저하되고 점화 효과에 의해 인출 속도가 빨라지는 현상이 연령이 증가함에 따라 함께 증가하는 것으로 나타남을 말해 준다. Objectives : In this study, the cognitive characteristics, especially priming effect, of above 50 years old age group who had less than 25 points in K-MMSE were investigated. Methods : In this study, an implicit memory test measuring priming effect was made and administered ti old age people who had less than 25 points in k-MMSe in screening session. To control the effect of age, educational level and intelligence, demograohic variables were measured, and the subjects of KWIS, vocabulary and block design were administered. Descriptive statistical analysis of the two priming measures and correlational analysis between variables were done. To test the effect of cognitive functioning on priming effect multiple regression analysis was done. Results : Correlational analysis revealed priming score obtained from correct identification response was positively correlated with K-MMSE and ADAS-Cog. And priming score obtained from mean reaction time was positively correlated with age and negatively correlated with vocabulary substest of KWIS. The regression analysis results indicated from correct identification response, whereas age has significant effect on priming score obtained from mean reaction time. Conclusions : The results revealed that as cognitive deterioration progresses priming effect which identify primed stimulus correctly diminish, and as one grow older within age 50 to 70, priming effect which identifies primed stimulus quickly increase.

구조용 7000계 알루미늄 합금의 TIG용접부 특성 연구

박성탁,박지호,정재필,서창제,황선효,김대훈 한밭대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2001 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

흰쥐 척수 및 등뿌리신경절에서 Tyrosine Hydroxylase 함유구조물의 분포

박매자,배용철,조희중,김지윤,김용주,김지윤 경북대학교 병원 1998 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.2 No.1

정상 흰쥐의 각 분절별 척수 및 등뿌리신경절에서 catecholamine 함유구조물의 분포를 알아보고자 tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)에 대한 항체를 이용하여 면역조직화학적 염색을 실시하였다. 그 결과 TH 함유신경세포는 목척수분절과 엉치척수분절에서 관찰되었다. 목척수분절의 TH 함유신경세포는 첫째와 둘째 목척수분절에서만 관찰되었으며 신경돌기가 잘 발달된 다각형의 세포인 것으로 보아 이들은 뇌줄기의 TH 함유신경세포군이 목척수분절로 연장된 것이라 생각된다. 그러나 엉치척수분절에서 관찰되는 대부분의 TH 함유신경세포는 세포돌기가 보이지 않고 세포체부분만 면역염색되어 관찰되는 것으로 보아 퇴화단계의 세포인 것으로 생각된다. TH 함유신경섬유는 척수의 모든 분절에서 관찰되었으며 이들 TH 함유신경섬유가 각 척수분절의 등뿔보다 배쪽뿔과 중간뿔에서 훨씬 높은 밀도로 관찰되는 것으로 보아 catecholamine은 척수에서 체성감각뿐만 아니라 자율신경계 및 운동신경계의 조절에 관여하리라 생각된다. 등뿌리신경절에서 관찰되는 TH 함유신경세포는 척수의 엉치분절에서 관찰되는 것과 마찬가지로 세포돌기가 거의 보이지 않고 세포체부분만 염색되어 보였다. 또한 등뿌리 신경절의 TH 함유신경섬유는 혈관의 벽을 나선형으로 감고 돌아가는 형태로 관찰되었으며 어느 것도 등뿌리신경절의 신경세포와 연관되어 관찰되지는 않았다. 이로 보아 정상 쥐의 등뿌리신경절에서 catecholamine은 신경세포 사이의 신경전달이나 졸절보다는 신경절 내의 혈류조절과 관계있을 것으로 생각된다. With the aim of gaining more insight into the catecholaminergic system in the nervous system of the rat, we have studied the precise distribution pattern of the tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-IR) fibers and soma in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion. In the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) TH-IR fibers were observed to run along the vessel wall, spirally and not found in the neural tissue itself. A few TH-IR fibers were found in the spinal nerve, not in the ventral root. Many TH-IR neurons were distributed in the L3, 4, 5, and 6 DRG but none of them were found in the other DRG segments. In the spinal cord, TH-IR fibers have shown sparse distribution all over spinal cord but relatively dense distribution in the ventral hom, intermediolateral column, lamina I of the dorsal horn of the cervical, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal segment. TH-IR neurons were found in the interrmediolateral column, dorsal gray commissure, dorsal horn of the C1 and C2 segments and S1-4 segments. TH-IR neurons in the cervical segments were polygonal or spindle shaped with well developed processes. In contrast to this, TH-IR neurons in the sacral segments were oval or spindle shaped withe no processes. In conclusion, neurons in the DRG were not influenced by catecholaminergic nervous input. Intrinsic catecholaminergic nervous systems were found in both of spinal cord and DRG.