일반논문 1 : 김종익의 유언과 경성여자의학전문학교 설립과정

백운기 ( Woon Ki Paik ),김상덕 ( Sang Duk Kim ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2011 연세의사학 Vol.14 No.1

Dr. Rosetta Hall, an American missionary physician, and Dr. Jeong-hee Gil, a young Korean physician, founded the Joseon (Keijo) Women`s Training Institute in 1928. Between 1933 and 1937, Dr. Gil and her husband, Dr. Kim Tak-won, maintained and financed the medical institute. Supporting the institute placed a heavy burden on the young doctors who were just establishing their private medical practice. Despite this burden, they undertook the work necessary to elevate the institute to a full medical college. In order to generate the substantial funds needed to establish the medical college, they created a foundation for the “creation of a women`s medical college” in 1934 and solicited funding. In 1937, a philanthropist interested in furthering education, Mr. Kim Jong-ik, agreed to donate the funding necessary to elevate the institute to a medical college. Mr. Kim, however, unexpectedly contracted dysentery and died. In his will, Mr. Kim bequeathed a portion of his estate to upgrading the institute to a medical college. The executor, contrary to Mr. Kim`s intent as set forth in his will, however, did not use the funds to elevate the institute, but rather established a completely new women`s medial college. The executor`s actions were a clear violation of Drs. Kim`s and Gil`s legal rights as beneficiaries under the will. They, nonetheless, accepted the outcome, because challenging the executor`s actions under Japanese rule would have been futile as Dr. Kim was a noted anti-Japanese patriot well known to the Japanese. Moreover, Sato Gozo had been Dr. Kim`s teacher at the Keijo Medical College. Most importantly, their dream of establishing a women`s medical college in Korea had been realized regardless of how. Regardless of whether the institute had been elevated to a medical college or not, Drs. Kim Tak-won and Gil Jeong-hee made great sacrifices to further the education of women medical doctors in Korea and should be recognized for their great contributions to the creation of Korea Women`s Medical College.

제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도

남기덕,김영설,박철영,오승준,김덕윤,우정택,김성운,양인명,김진우,최영길 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.6

연구배경:인슐린저항성은 제2형 당뇨병과 심혈관질환의 주요한 위험 인자로 성호르몬과 상호 관계가 있다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 여성과는 달리 남성에서는 연령과 인슐린저항성에 따른 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도의 변화에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 그러므로, 본 저자등은 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정산인과 비교해서 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도를 측정하고 연령에 따른 변화 정도를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법:대상 환자 모두에서 연령과 체질량지수, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 공복혈당과 인슐린 농도를 측정하였다. 혈중 유리 테스토스테론 농도는 방사면역측정법(radioimmunoassay)을 이용해서 측정하였고, 혈중 성호르몬 결합글로불린은 면역방사계측측정법(immunoradiometric assay)을 이용해서 측정하였다(Diagnostic System Laoratories, Wbster, TX, USA). 결과:1)제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 대조군 남성에 비해 성호르몬 결합글로불린은 104.1±35.0 vs 25.7±3.5 mole×10??로 의미 있게 높았으나(p<0.001), 유리 테스토스테론은 13.7±9.5 vs 13.6±6.5 ng/dL로 차이가 없었다. 2)연령과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 사이의 상관 계수는 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 0.40로 중등고의 양의 상관 관계를 보였고(p<0.001), 정상 대조군 남성에서 0.11로 유의한 상관 관계를 보이지 않았다. 연령과 유리 테스토스테론 사이의 상관 계수는 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 0.08, 정상 대조군 남성에서-0.17로 모두에서 유의한 상관 관계를 보이지 않았다. 3)연령과 체질량지수를 보정한 후에 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자와 정상 대조군 남성에서 혈중 인슐린 농도, 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 사이에는 상관 관계가 없었다. 결론:제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 남성에 비해 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도가 증가되어 있었으며, 유리 테스토스테론은 차이가 없었다. 연령이 증가함에 따라 성호르몬 결합 글로블린이 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 남성에 비해 증가 폭이 의미있게 컸으며, 유리 테스토스테론은 변화가 없었다. Background: Insulin resistance is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are many previous studies indicating that insulin lowers serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels, and there is inverse correlation between insulin resistance and serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels in women. However, in men, a limited number of studies are available to explain the effect of sex hormone on age and insulin. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship among free testosterone, hormone-binding globulin and age in type 2 diabetic men and control subjects. Method: Age, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood sugar, and insulin concentrations were examined on 89 type 2 diabetic men and 47 control subjects. The free testosterone level was measured by commercially available double-antibody system (Radioimmunoassay). The sex hormone-binding globulin level was also measured by commercially available double-antibody system(Immunoradiometric assay). Results: 1) Sex hormone-binding globulin level was significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, there was no significantly difference in free testosterone level between the two groups. 2) Sex hormone-binding globulin was positively correlated with age (r=0.4, p <0.001) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sex hormone-binding globulin and free testosterone were not correlated with age in control sujects. 3) Free testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations were not significantly related to serum insulin concentration after adjusting for age and body mass index. Conclusions: We observed increased sex hormone-binding globulin concentration in diabetes man, and was a positively related to age. Further studies are needed to understand the relationships between age, insulin resistance, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations(J Kor Diabetes Asso 24:699~707,2000).

Protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng against FK506-induced damage in LLC-PK1 cells

Dahae Lee,Ki Sung Kang,Jae Sik Yu,Jung-Yoon Woo,Gwi Seo Hwang,Dae-Woon Eom,Seung-Hoon Baek,Hye Lim Lee,Ki Hyun Kim,Noriko Yamabe 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: Compound FK506 is an immunosuppressant agent that is frequently used to prevent rejection of solid organs upon transplant. However, nephrotoxicity due to apoptosis and inflammatory response mediated by FK506 limit its usefulness. In this study, the protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) against FK506-induced damage in LLC-PK1 pig kidney epithelial cells was investigated. Methods: LLC-PK1 cells were exposed to FK506 with KRG and cell viability was measured. Western blotting and RT-PCR analyses evaluated protein expression of MAPKs, caspase-3, and KIM-1. TLR-4 gene expression was assessed. Caspase-3 activities were also determined. The number of apoptotic cells was measured using an image-based cytometric assay. Results: The reduction in LLC-PK1 cell viability by 60mM FK506 was recovered by KRG cotreatment in a dose-dependent manner. The phosphorylation of p38, p44/42 MAPKs (ERK), KIM-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TLR-4 mRNA expression was increased markedly in LLC-PK1 cells treated with 60mM FK506. However, with the exception of p-ERK, elevated levels of p-p38, KIM-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TLR-4 mRNA expression were significantly decreased after cotreatment with KRG. Activity level of caspase-3 was also attenuated by KRG cotreatment. Moreover, image-based cytometric assay showed that apoptotic cell death was increased by 60mM FK506 treatment, whereas it was decreased after cotreatment with KRG. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the molecular mechanism of KRG in the FK506-induced nephrotoxicity may lead to the development of an adjuvant for the inhibition of adverse effect FK506 in the kidney.

Protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng against FK506-induced damage in LLC-PK1 cells

Lee, Dahae,Kang, Ki Sung,Yu, Jae Sik,Woo, Jung-Yoon,Hwang, Gwi Seo,Eom, Dae-Woon,Baek, Seung-Hoon,Lee, Hye Lim,Kim, Ki Hyun,Yamabe, Noriko The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: Compound FK506 is an immunosuppressant agent that is frequently used to prevent rejection of solid organs upon transplant. However, nephrotoxicity due to apoptosis and inflammatory response mediated by FK506 limit its usefulness. In this study, the protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) against FK506-induced damage in LLC-PK1 pig kidney epithelial cells was investigated. Methods: LLC-PK1 cells were exposed to FK506 with KRG and cell viability was measured. Western blotting and RT-PCR analyses evaluated protein expression of MAPKs, caspase-3, and KIM-1. TLR-4 gene expression was assessed. Caspase-3 activities were also determined. The number of apoptotic cells was measured using an image-based cytometric assay. Results: The reduction in LLC-PK1 cell viability by $60{\mu}M$ FK506 was recovered by KRG cotreatment in a dose-dependent manner. The phosphorylation of p38, p44/42 MAPKs (ERK), KIM-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TLR-4 mRNA expression was increased markedly in LLC-PK1 cells treated with $60{\mu}M$ FK506. However, with the exception of p-ERK, elevated levels of p-p38, KIM-1, cleaved caspase-3, and TLR-4 mRNA expression were significantly decreased after cotreatment with KRG. Activity level of caspase-3 was also attenuated by KRG cotreatment. Moreover, image-based cytometric assay showed that apoptotic cell death was increased by $60{\mu}M$ FK506 treatment, whereas it was decreased after cotreatment with KRG. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the molecular mechanism of KRG in the FK506-induced nephrotoxicity may lead to the development of an adjuvant for the inhibition of adverse effect FK506 in the kidney.

Protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against tacrolimus-induced apoptosis in renal proximal tubular LLC-PK1 cells

Lee, Dahae,Lee, Dong-Soo,Jung, Kiwon,Hwang, Gwi Seo,Lee, Hye Lim,Yamabe, Noriko,Lee, Hae-Jeong,Eom, Dae-Woon,Kim, Ki Hyun,Kang, Ki Sung The Korean Society of Ginseng 2018 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.42 No.1

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential protective effects of six ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rg1, and Rg3) isolated from Panax ginseng against tacrolimus (FK506)-induced apoptosis in renal proximal tubular LLC-PK1 cells. Methods: LLC-PK1 cells were treated with FK506 and ginsenosides, and cell viability was measured. Protein expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinases, caspase-3, and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were evaluated by Western blotting analyses. The number of apoptotic cells was measured using an image-based cytometric assay. Results: Reduction in cell viability by $60{\mu}M$ FK506 was ameliorated significantly by cotreatment with ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1. The phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and KIM-1, and cleavage of caspase-3, increased markedly in LLC-PK1 cells treated with FK506 and significantly decreased after cotreatment with ginsenoside Rb1. The number of apoptotic cells decreased by 6.0% after cotreatment with ginsenoside Rb1 ($10{\mu}M$ and $50{\mu}M$). Conclusion: The antiapoptotic effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on FK506-induced apoptosis were mediated by the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases and caspase activation.

흰쥐 대구치의 치수강 노출 후 치유 및 형성과정에서 치수와 상아질 기질내의 교원질과 당단백의 분포에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

김병우,민병순,최호영,박상진,최기운 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.17 No.2

The development and repair requires the formation of new tissues comprised of various extracellular matrix components. The present study investigated the formation and distribution of the major ECM components such as type I collagen, type III collagen, fibronectin, bone sialoprotein, and osteonectin during development and repair. For developing observation, Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 27±1gm were sacrificed. For repair ohsei'ation, Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 110±5 gm were used. The pulp perforation were prepared on mesial surface of the maxillary first molar by using 1/2 round bur. At 5 days after perforation, rats were sacrificed by perfusion with 3% paraformaldehyde. The maxillary first molar region were cut, demineralized, dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. Immunostaining of the ECM components was achieved by the avidin-biotin complex method. The results as follows ; 1. Bright immunoreaction for fibronectin was present in the basement membrane at the inner epithelial-mesenchymai interface, especially concentrated in the blood vessel walls,?ell membrane of odontoblasts, and initi it predentin: 2. Type I and III collagen was observed in the newly fowled pulp tissue, predentin, and its intensity increased as more of these components during repair. 3. Strong immunostaining for bone sialoprotein and osteonectin was found in dentin while no or weaker staining was observed loose connective tissue of the pulp. 4. These results suggest that development and repair is achieved through a series of cell differentiation and attachment by the specific ECM components.

스위치드 릴럭턴스 電動機의 經濟的인 驅動 시스템에 관한 硏究

김기운,김학성,김재문,원충연 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.2

In this paper, we studied on the comparisons of drive characteristics between modified C-dump converter and asymmetric bridge converter for a switched reluctance motor drive system. In the experiments, the reliability and control capability of asymmetric bridge converter is superior to that of modified C-dump converter and in terms of the number of devices and the high speed capability, modified C-dump converter shows the improved performance when compared with asymmetric bridge converter. The speed control system is controlled by low cost one-chip microcontroller 80C196KB and EPROM is used for the angle control of SRM.

효모에서 분리한 단백 메틸레스의 특성에 관한 연구

김보경,백운기,조만희,김창세 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2

A cytochrome C - specific protein methylase Ⅲ was purified approximately 63 - fold from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The unmethylated cytochrome C served as substrate for the enzyme. Horse heart apocytochrome C was found to be a better substrate than the native horse heart cytochrome C. This observation suggests that the in vivo methylation of cytochrome C in the yeast probably occurs before cytochrome C become attached to the mitochondria. In partly purified protein methylase Ⅲ the optimun pH is about 9.0, the enzyme activity is linearly proportional to the amount of enzyme protein up to about 30㎍ and also to time up to 15min. The Km values for horse heart cytochrome C and S - adenosyl - L- methionine were 1.33mM and 40㎛, respectively. S - adenosyl - L - homocysteine was found to be a competitive inhibitor for S - adenosyl - L - methionine, and the Ki value was 2.7 μM. The molecular weight of the enzyme was approximately 97,000, determined on sephadex S- 200 gel filtration. The regulation of cellular cytochrome C and the protein methylase Ⅲ are not coordinately related in a parallel manner.

전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 비대칭진단 계측항목의 재현도에 관한 연구

김고운,김재형,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.5

본 연구는 하악골 3차원 입체영상에서 비대칭계측항목들의 재현도 비교를 통하여 안면비대칭 진단 시 유용한 계측점 설정에 도움이 되고자 시행되었다. 40명의 두경부 전산화단층사진을 이용하여 생성한 3차원 영상에서 하악골 형태를 결정짓는 부위로 하악과두, 하악우각부, 하악정중부를 선택하고 각 부위의 세부위치에 따라, 그리고 측정 시 보는 각도에 따라 구분하여 하악과두의 경우 Cd_(sup_sup) 등 6개, 하악우각부의 경우 Go_(inf_lat) 등 10개, 하악정중부의 경우 Me_(ant), Me_(inf) 등 총 18개의 계측점을 설정한 후 이를 이용하여 하악골 비대칭 시 좌우 차이를 보일 수 있는 25개의 계측항목을 설정 및 계측한 후 조사자간 및 조사자내의 재현도를 비교 평가하였다. 조사자간 재현도의 경우 25개의 계측항목 중 3개를 제외한 모든 계측항목에서, 조사자내 재현도의 경우 2개 항목을 제외한 모든 계측항목에서 높은 재현도를 보였다. 아울러 본 연구에서 설정한 18개의 계측점 중 Go_(mid_lat), Go_(mid_obl)가 포함된 계측항목이 조사자간 및 조사자내 재현도가 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 연구 결과 본 연구에서 사용된 18개의 계측점 중 16개의 계측점(과두를 나타내는 Cd_(sup_sup), Cd_(lat_ant), Cd_(lat_lat), Cd_(post_lat), Cd_(post_post), S, 하악우각부를 나타내는 Go_(inf_lat), Go_(inf_inf), Go_(lat_ant),Go_(lat_lat), Go_(post_lat), Go_(post_post), Ag_(lat), Ag_(inf), 하악정중부를 나타내는 Me_(ant), Me_(inf))은 높은 재현도를 보이므로 전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 안면비대칭 환자의 진단에 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements representing asymmetry of the mandible and to identify which landmarks would be more useful in 3-dimensional (3D) CT imaging. Methods: Facial CT images were obtained from forty normal occlusion individuals. Eighteen landmarks were established from the condyle, gonion, and menton areas, and 25 measurements were constructed to represent asymmetry of the mandible; 8 for ramus length, 12 for mandibular body length, 1 for condylar neck length, 2 for frontal ramal inclination, and 2 for lateral ramal inclination. Inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements was evaluated. Results: Inter-examiner reproducibility of the measurements proved to be high except for 3 measurements. Intra-examiner reproducibility also proved to be high except for 2 measurements. Interand intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements including Gonion proved to be low. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the landmarks and measurements constructed in 3D CT images can be used for the diagnosis of facial asymmetry.

시각장애인 주택의 실태 및 요구도 분석에 관한연구

김상운,강병근,성기창,박광재,윤영삼,정은영 한국의료복지시설학회 2009 의료·복지 건축 Vol.15 No.1

Increasing the old and the senile disability, it is increased that the demand of barrier free house for the disabled the senior the pregnant and the young is strongly increasing recently. In this reason, this study focuses the problems of the house which is used by the Blind through the investigation of current status and tries to find out the differences between disability's demend and current design of their house. As well, through the research and analysis some cases of the residential alterations this study verifies what the demand is on each room and their need is committed correctly during the residential alterations. It is the purposes of this study finding the problems through these research and analysis Thus this study investigates houses of the Blind and finds out their house type scale and daily Iife through the statisticaI data and documentary survey and also investigates current status of their house. The basic standard for the current status and the demand analysis is researched by the barrier factors which are deducted from the former study.