봉지종류 및 괘대시기가 ‘원황’ 및 ‘화산’ 배 과실의 수확기 품질에 미치는 영향

정억근,이욱용,안영직,이혁재,황용수,천종필 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

We tested fruits quality and skin coloration of two pear cultivar ‘Wonhwang’ and ‘Whasan’ produced by bagging with different kinds of paper bags in the Cheonan area, Chungnam Province, Korea. The fruits were bagged at 35, 45, 55 or 65 days after full bloom (DAFB) with 3 kinds of double layer paper bag which consisted of grey color, yellow color and newspaper for outer layer. The great extent of light interruption was observed in grey colored outer paperbag among three kinds of paperbag which showed only 0.46% of lowest light transmittance when compared with 43.7% and 40.0% of yellow paper and newspaper, respectively. The development of skin redness (a*) increased with the delay of bagging time in two pear cultivars. But the fruits treated at 65 DAFB showed uneven coloration and excessive development of redness which represented low fruit external appearance value. Uniform flesh firmness was attained at the fruits bagged with grey outer color paperbag regardless of bagging time, although the fruit quality indices including soluble solids and titratable acidity did not change significantly by using different kind of fruit bags and bagging time in two pear cultivar. Based on our results, it was explained that the grey-colored fruit bag had positive effect on the development of skin coloration without any detrimental effect on fruit quality factors in ‘Wonhwang’ and ‘Whasan’ pears.

현대 패션에 나타난 그린(GREEN)디자인

이현아;이연희;박재옥 한양대학교 2005 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.25 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of green design in the 1990s based on ecological aesthetics and identify the trend toward eco-design in different times. It was based on our study of literatures and cases along with analysis of contents. To establish the concept of eco-design, the case study was conducted on relevant literatures and photographs, and in terms of cases related to fashion, the study of all design trends occurred in the past analyzed the characteristics of design elements between 1990 and 1999. As the result, trend toward green design could be split into naturalism, minimalism and recycle. The first two trends share the core concept of reduce. As the trend pursued minimalism, at the production stage, it had a simple form and was designed using materials that can minimize the damage to the environment. This kind of materials had natural colors such as ecru. Addition ally, in the recycle trend, recycling fashion that came from the need to conserve resources and protect environment caught on with the reuse of old materials and various methods of expression through diversity of materials. Almost anything could be used; fabrics, paper, recycled plastic, and everyday products. And you can see that fashion had played an active role in recycling resources using various methods like patchwork, collage, fraying, fringe, and layering

ATM 멀티캐스트 스위치에서 분배기를 갖는 이원적 복사네트워크

이옥재,정동수 群山大學校 情報通信技術硏究所 1998 情報通信技術硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed which distributes multicast cells in a copy network. The dual copy network is composed of running adder network, distributor, dummy address encoder, and broadcasting network. It is operated lower input address and higher one simultaneously by the distribution algorithm. As a result, for each input has a better equal opportunity of processing, cell delay and hardware complexity are reduced in copy network. Also, for it adopts the broadcasting network from an expansion Banyan network with binary three and Banyan network, overflow probability is reduced to a half in that network. As a result of computer simulation, the copy network processed by the distribution algorithm is remarkably improved in cell delay o input buffer according to all input loads.

주사슬에 옥시 에딜렌 단위를 포함하고 측사슬에 알콕시기가 치환된 방향족 폴리아미드의 합성 및 물성에 관한 연구

이수민,김혜옥,김재훈 金烏工科大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

A series of new polyamides containing main chain ethylene oxide unit and alkoxy side chain were prepared using the method of interfacial polycondensation of diamino compounds with 2, 5-didodecyloxyterephthalic acid chloride. The IR spectra of polyamides exhibit each significant NH bond and C=0 bond at ?? and ??. Solubilities of the polyamides are related to length of oxyethylene lingkage. As the length of oxyethylene unit increase, the solubilities increase. Thermal preperties of the polyamides were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and by thermogravimerty analysis(TGA). The Tg are related to length of oxyethylene lingkage. The length of oxyethylene unit increased, Tg of the polyamides was lowere. Tg's of polyamides were detected from 71℃ to 188℃. Initial decomposition temperatures of polyamides were showed from 250℃ to 350℃ in nitrogen atmosphere. These polyamides showed good thermal stability and good solubility.

디자인 프로세스를 적용한 환자복 개발 사례 연구

이연희;박재옥;서미아;안민영 한양대학교 2004 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.24

The purpose of this project was to design a patient's uniform which gives functional and psychological satisfaction to the patients. The project was developed to follow the design process. That is, the project was based on the survey which is on dissatisfaction of exiting patient's uniform, evaluation criteria and design preference for patient's uniform. The result of the survey was reflected to the design of new patient's uniform for Hanyang University Hospital. The uniform consists of a shirt and a pair of pants. The style of the garment is comfortable box-silhouette for ease and action. The shirt has a compromised neckline of U-neckline and round-neckline. It has buttons on front for closure, a patch pocketon left side of the garment. It also has three-quarter sleeves to complement dissatisfactions on the length and the distinction of seasons. The button extension was deeply given to avoid becoming open. To give decorative accents, piping was added. The ankle-length pants aredesigned to satisfy the need for shortening the length of existing uniform pants. The waistband of the pants has both closures, a drawstring and an elastic band, to make up for the dissatisfactions on durability and slip-off problems. The colors, white, light blue, pink, and yellow, are used to give a psychological sense of security to the patients. The flower symbol of Hanyang University was used for the textile surface design. Therefore, this project is worthwhile to present more systematic and scientific approach for patient's uniform design which gives functional and psychological satisfaction to the patients.

뇌졸중 후 치매환자에서 도네피질(아리셉트^(?))이 인지기능 및 일상생활 수행능력, 삶의 질에 미치는 효과

이상열,장혁,송재은,조성옥,류정미,이미경,조진호,신용일 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2008 圓光醫科學 Vol.23 No.1

Background: This study evaluated the efficacy of administering Donepezil(Aricept^(?)) for improving cognitive function, activities of daily living, and quality of life in patients with post-stroke dementia. Methods: Patients(n=99; mean age, 69.89 years; 48.5% men) with post-stroke dementia, according to criteria of the DSM-IV and MRI, were treated with donepezil 5mg/day or 10mg/day during 24 weeks. They were examined using Mini-mental Status Examination(MMSE), Chinical Dementia Rating(CDR), Barthel Activities of daily living(B-ADL), Instrumental Activities of daily living(I-ADL), Short Form 36 Health Survey-Korean(SF-36-K), and Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS) at before treatment and 24 weeks after treatment. Results: The 97 patients completed the trial. At 24 weeks, they showed significant improvement in MMSE(p<0.001), CDR(p<0.001), B-ADL(p=0.002), I-ADL(p<0.001), and SF-36-K(p=0.003) except GDS(p=0.288). Donepezil was well tolerated. There was no withdrawal due to adverse events. Conclusion: This results demonstrate that donepezil was beneficial in improving the cognitive function, activities of daily living, and quality of life in patients with post-stroke dementia and was well toleraetd.

이행성 협심증 환자에서 운동부하 심전도 검사

이정우,박형서,박용규,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이재환,최시완,정진옥,성인환 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

목적 : 관상동맥의 경련에 의한 이형성 협심증환자에 있어서 운동부하 심전도 검사의 결과는 매우 다양하다. 이에 저자들은 충남대학교병원 순환기내과에서 관상동맥조영술상 이형성 협심증으로 확진된 환자를 대상으로 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행하여 이에 대한 결과를 연구하였다. 방법 : 1995년 1월부터 2002년 3월까지 흉통을 주소로 충남대학교병원 순환기 내과에 입원하여 관상동맥조영술을 시행하여 관상동맥의 내경이 50% 미만의 협착이 있고, 에르고노빈(ergonovine) 유발검사도 이형성 협심증으로 진단을 받은 233명중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행 받은 183명의 환자를 연구 대상으로 하였다. 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과의 판독시 발생할 수 있는 오류를 줄이기 위해서 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행하기전 심전도상 ST분절의 상승(5예)이나 하강(8예)이 있는 경우 EH한 T파의 역위(19예)가 있는 32명의 환자를 제외한 총 151명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 운동부하는 Marquette사의 case 15 답차를 이용하였고, Bruce protocol에 따라 증상이 나타날 때까지 최대로 실시하였으며 각 stage 및 운동후의 혈압을 측정하고 12 유도 심전도를 기록하였다. 결과 : 1) 임상적 특성 - 내원시 임상 상은 안정형 협심증이 39예(25.8%), 불안정형 협심증이 103예(68.2%), 심근경색증이 9예(6.0%)이었다. 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과 양성 군과 음성군간에 있어서 당뇨병, 고혈압, 비만도, 총 혈청콜레스테롤치, 현재의 흡연 여부, 병력상 운동시 흉통의 유무, 내원시 임상적 진단, 협착의 정도, 연축의 수 등을 조사하였는 바 어떠한 인자들도 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 2) 운동부하 심전도 검사 - 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행 받은 151명의 환자중 음성인 경우는 134예(88.8%)이었고, 양성인 경우는 17예(11.2%)이었다. 양성 소견을 보인 환자들중 ST 분절의 상승이 4예(2.6%), ST 분절의 하강이 13예(8.6%)이었다. 3) 관상동맥조영술 - 관상동맥조영술상에서 혈관 경력 위치는 우관상동맥이 70예(46.1%), 좌전하동맥이 44예(28.9%), 좌회선동맥이 17예(11.2%)의 순으로 나타났다. 운동부하 심전도 검사상 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 예중 Ⅱ, Ⅲ, aVF에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 1예는 관상 동맥조영술상 우관상동맥에서 경련이 발생하였고, V2-V4에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 2예중 관상동맥조영술상에도 좌전하행동맥에서 경련이 나타난 예는 1예이었으며 다른 1예는 좌회선동맥에서 경련이 나타났고, V5-V6에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 1예는 관상동맥조영술상에도 좌회선동맥에서 경련이 나타났다. 운동부하 심전도 검사상 V5 또는 V6에서 ST 분절의 하강이 있엇던 13예중 6예(46.1%)는 관상동맥조영술상 우관상동맥에서 경련이 발생하였고, 3예(23.1%)는 좌전하행동맥에서, 1예(7.7%)는 좌회선동맥에서, 나머지 3예(23.1%)는 2개의 혈관이나 기타 분지에서 경련이 발생하였다. 결론 : 1) 이형성 협심증 환자는 운동부하 심전도 검사에서 11.2%의 양성소견을 보였다. 이중 ST 분절의 상승은 2.6%이었고, ST 분절의 하강은 8.6%이었다. 2) 이형성 환자중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 실시하여 음성을 보이는 경우 다혈관 관상동맥질환이기 보다는 이형성 협심증일 가능성이 더 높다고 예측할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 3) 이형성 협심증 환자중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 실시하여 ST 분절의 상승을 보이는 경우 다혈관 관상동맥질환이기 보다는 이형성 협심증일 가능성이 더 높다고 예측할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 4) 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과에 대한 당뇨병, 고혈압, 비만도, 총 혈청콜레스테롤치, 현재의 흡연여부, 병력상 운동시 흉통의 유무, 내원시 임상적 진단, 협착의 정도 등 어떠한 인자들도 3그룹(ST 분절의 상승, ST 분절의 하강, 음성)간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 5) ST 분절의 상승 부위와 관상동맥조영술상 관상동맥의 연축이 일어나는 혈관과의 상관관계는 매우 높았다. No reports in the literature describe the results of exercise testings in a large number of patients with pure variant angina(coronary stenosis <50%) in Korea. In this report, We present the results of treadmil exercise testing in 151 patients with variant angina. 151 patients with angiographically proven coronary artery spasm underwent a treadmil exercise test. The clinical characteristics of variant angina patients classified according to ST-segment response to exercise were analyzed. Of 151 patients underwent a treadmil exercise test, negative result was seen in 134 patients(88.8%) and positive result was in 17 patients(11.2%). Of 17 patients saw positive result, exercise-induced ST segment elevation was present in 4 patients(2.6%) and ST segment depression was seen in 13 patients(8.6%). There was not a significant relationship between the ST segment response to exercise and the clinical variables(diabetes, hypertension, obesity, total cholesterol, current smoking, effort angina, clinical diagnosis, and degree of stenosis) assessed. Of 4 patients with ST segment elevation in treadmil exercise test, 1 patient with ST segment elevation in Ⅰ,Ⅲ,aVF had spasm in right coronary artery(100%) on coronary angiography, of 2 patients in V2-V4 had spasm in left anterior descending coronary artery in 1 patient(50%) and 1 patient in V5-V6 had spasm in left circumflex artery(100%). Positive treadmil exercise test was present in 11.2% of variant angina patient. If we have negative treadmil exercise result in patients with clinical manifestation of unstable angina at admission, we may have a suspicion of variant angina rather than multi-vessel disease. If we have exercise-induced ST segment elevation in patients with clinical manifestation of unstable angina at admission, we have a suspicion of variant angina rather than multi-vessel disease. Our result suggests that the correlation between the site of the ST segment elevation and the artery involved is quite good.

식품 위해 요소중점 관리 기준에 대한 서울지역 사업체 급식관리자의 위생관리평가

이헌옥,심재영,김영경,조민호,최호순,엄애선 한국조리과학회 2001 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.17 No.6

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point(HACCP) is becoming an important component of food safety worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate comprehensively the education and knowledge level of food service managers on HACCP as well as applying HACCP system to industrial foodservice. Total 247 foodservice managers participated in the survey and 159 responses were used for analysis. The results were as follows; 1) 89% of foodservice managers were educated about HACCP, and 40.9% felt they did fully understand HACCP and 47.8% did half. 2) The score for the implementation of HACCP was in the order of apparatus and facility sanitation, personal sanitation, and time-temperature/etc. sanitation. 3) Foodservice managers who were taught HACCP kept a deep attention to food and personal sanitation, compared with those without education(p<0.05). However, the education time on HACCP affected conducting safety management. The results suggest that education and understanding of HACCP are positively related, and understanding of HACCP has a positive influence on conducting safety management.

재일한인의 정보행태에 관한 연구

이제환,이연옥 釜山大學校 韓國民族文化硏究所 2005 한국민족문화 Vol.26 No.-

This study intends to investigate the everyday information behavior of Korean residents in Japan. Employing survey and interviews methods, it attempts to illustrate some features in their everyday information need and seeking pattern, to scrutinize major factors influencing their information seeking behavior, and to find out the differences in information behavior among various sub-groups of the Korean Communtiy. In details, the discussion includes (1) the types and characteristics of their everyday concerns and agony, (2) the attitudes and methods to meet with such concerns and agony, (3) the types and characteristics of information sources which they prefer to satisfy with their information needs, (4) the factors which have impacts on their information needs and seeking behavior, and finally (5) the usefulness of major organizations and information media in the Korean Society as everyday information sources.

스포츠 브랜드의 캐릭터에 대한 소비자 인식과 구매행동

이지연,안민영,박재옥 服飾文化學會 2002 服飾文化硏究 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the consumers' cognition and buying behavior on sports brand character. Since the character industries are booming, this study focused on the source and the expression method of sports brand characters that are already known to consumers. Subjects of this study were university students who were interested in sports brand characters, living in Seoul and Kyenggi-do. The questionnaire were developed based on the previous studies. Data were analyzed by Frequency analysis, ANOVA, Duncan Test, and Spearman's Rho. The results were as follows: 1. The most preferred source of sports brands character was "illustrated human figure"(i.e. a famous athlete like Michael Jordan). And the most favorite expression method of character was the combination of letter and symbol as the character of ASICS and NIKE, 2. The important design factors of sports brand character were the symbolism and aesthetics. The consumer recognized NIKE as the most well-designed character design. 3. Consumers' preference of sports brand was found to be NIKE, REEBOK, ADIDAS, and FILA, in order. The reasons for preference were the design, the brand image, and the quality. On the other hand, the most frequently purchased brand was NIKE, FILA, and ADIDAS in order. Most of the purchase took place in the brand outlet store, and the consumers usually came with their friends for purchase of sports brand. The display of store was the consumers' major source of information. 4. The preference group of sports brand character recognized more importantly color, design, brand, and especially fashionability than the non-preference group. And the most important criteria for brand selection were design, price, and comfort orderly. 5. Female consumers recognized more importantly color, design, brand, and others' recommendations that male consumers. The aged consumers recognized importantly durability, comfort, and quality.