A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea

Yong Sung Choi,정성훈,김은선,Eun Sun Kim,Eunhee Lee,Euiseok Jung,So-Yeon Lee,이우령,Hye Sun Yoon,Yong Joo Kim,Ji Kyoung Park,Son Moon Shin,Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim 대한신생아학회 2022 Neonatal medicine Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: Pediatricians have a significant responsibility to educate mothers about the importance of breastfeeding. However, there have been minimal efforts in the courses of resident training in Korea. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change in knowledge and attitude before and after a 4-week breastfeeding educational intervention among multicenter residents. Methods: Prospective interventional educational research was designed for residents at eight training hospitals in Korea. Institutional reviews were obtained in each hospital. The education curriculum consisted of 14 courses regarding breastfeeding theory and practice. These materials were used to teach pediatric residents for 4 weeks. Knowledge-based tests were administered before the course, and re-tests were administered after the course using different test items of similar levels. Test scores and survey responses were compared before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 73 residents (1st year 20, 2nd year 23, 3rd year 16, and 4th year residents 14) from eight training hospitals completed the intervention. Their average age was 30.3±2.9 years, 17 (23.3%) were male, 22 (30.1%) were married, and eight had more than one child of their own. The mean pre-test score was 61.8±13.4 and the mean post-test score was 78.3±7.5 (P<0.001). The inter-grade difference in the score was significant in the pre-test (P=0.005), but not significant in the post-test (P=0.155). There were more responses of obtaining confidence after the intervention (P<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, pediatric residents showed improvement in their knowledge and confidence level after 4 weeks of the breastfeeding curriculum. This will provide a basis for future policymaking in the training of pediatric residents regarding breastfeedReceived: 6 January 2022 Revised: 15 February 2022 Accepted: 15 February 2022 Correspondence to: Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-3390 Fax: +82-2-3010-6978 E-mail: arkim@amc.seoul.kr A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea Yong-Sung Choi, MD,PhD1, Sung-Hoon Chung, MD, PhD2, Eun Sun Kim, MD, PhD3, Eun Hee Lee, MD4, Euiseok Jung, MD5, So Yeon Lee, MD, PhD5, Wooryoung Lee, MD6, Hye Sun Yoon, MD, PhD7, Yong Joo Kim, MD, PhD8, Ji Kyoung Park, MD, PhD9, Son Moon Shin, MD, PhD9, and Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD, PhD5 1Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea 2Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea 3Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea 4Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea 5Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 6Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 7Department of Pediatrics, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea 8Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 9Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 pISSN 2287-9412 . eISSN 2287-9803 Copyright(c) 2022 By Korean Society of Neonatology This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Article 29 Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 ing in Korea.

경북 최초의 신장이식 1례

이중현,김용섭,이정호,이창우,김상욱,이문섭,오민구,하달봉,이경섭 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

신장이식은 환자의 삶의 질을 높이고 거의 정상적인 사회생활을 가능하게 함으로써 말기신부전 환자의 3가지 신대체 요법(혈액투석, 복막투석, 신장이식) 중에 가장 효과적이고 각광받는 치료법이라 할 수 있다. 최근 들어 의료기술과 의학의 발달로 신장이식의 성공률은 과거에 비해 비약적으로 높아지고 있으며 국내에서도 점차 신장이식수술을 받는 환자가 증가하고 있으나 서울이나 다른 대도시에 비해 의료환경이 열악한 중소도시나 지방의 병원에서는 아직도 시행하지 못하고 있는 형편이다. 이에 저자들은 경북 최초로 자체 의료진에 의해 고혈압과 말기 신부전으로 동국대 포항병원에서 혈액투석을 받고 있던 32세의 남자환자에게 부인으로부터 신장을 제공받아 신장이식을 성공적으로 시행하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment modality for many patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), because it offers improved quality of life over both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Patients who do well after transplantation generally report improvement in vitality and freedom to return to the style of life that they experienced before their progression to ESRD. Recently, the success rate of kidney transplantation is greatly being increased as the surgical technique and immunosuppressive drugs are developed. Kidney transplantation is also popular in Korea which has good result. But, until now the general hospitals which are located at small city can't try the kidney transplantation because they don't have proper facilities and experts. We firstly experienced a case of kidney transplantation in a 32 years old man with hypertension and chronic renal failure at KyoungBuk province. So we report this case with references.

건축공사시방서에서의 KS규격의 국제인증방안에 관한 연구

김경식,이재섭,김용수,이규진,조용훈,최완철,전재열,이현수,구재동,이기환 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this research is make out construction specifications for International Construction. Using off-shore products incur cost increase and longer delivery term of construction. and inconvenient on International Construction. Expand the range of additional local products conforming to performance. Life Cycle Cost. maintainability. operability. user's acceptability, etc.. And this study is suggest the standard formats and the techniques for construction specification.

노인환자에서 마취방법에 따른 비교 : 회복실에서 Post Anesthesia Care Unit

김용호,최영순,채영근,이우경,이용경,민진혜 관동대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2005 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.9 No.1

Background: It is difficult to care for elderly patients during perioperative period because they have lots of medical problems. Although there is no difference in overall morbidity and mortality between anesthetic methods, regional anesthesia is better than general anesthesia because it is less necessary to take care of elderly patients. Method: We divided 163 elderly patients (over 65 years) into two groups; general anesthesia group(GA, total;43) and regional anesthesia (RA, total;120) group according to their anesthetic service during lower abdominal& pelvis and orthopedic surgeries. In PACU, we compared to their postanesthetic recovery score(PAR), recovery time and incidences of complications-pulmonary, cardiaovascular and PONV(postoperative nausea and vomiting) in both group. Results: The PAR scores of RA group was higher than that of GA group (9.5±0.5 vs 8.5±0.7) and recovery time of RA groups was shorter than that of GA group(42.8±19.1min vs 52.6±21.8min). The incidence of pulmonary and cardiac complication in RA group were significantly lower than those of GA group except the incidence of PONV (p<0.05). Conclusion; For old age patients, RA is better anesthetic method in aspect of PACU care.

Plant regeneration from callus of Iris odaesanensis Y. N. Lee native to Korea via organogenesis

Bae, Kee-Hwa,Yoo, Kyoung-Hwa,Lee, Mi-Hyun,Jeong, Jae-Hun,Choi, Yong-Eui,Yoon, Eui-Soo The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2013 식물생명공학회지 Vol.40 No.3

Iris odaesanensis Y. N. Lee. is an important endangered and native plant belonging to the family Iridaceae in Korea. This study describes a method for rapid micropropagation of this species via from leaf, rhizome and root explants derived calli. Leaf, rhizome and root explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) for callus induction. Rhizome explants yielded calli at a frequency of 72% when cultured at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. Calli were maintained at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. These calli were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D in combination with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/l BA for adventitious shoot induction. The highest number of adventitious shoot (228.9 per petri-dish) were formed at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BA. WPM medium was the best to convert calli into plantlets, where up to 98.2% of calli were regenerated into plantlets. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation of this endangered plant.

판상형 충전제의 함량과 배향에 따른 PP복합체의 열팽창계수 영향 연구

이기윤(Kee Yoon Lee),이용현(Yong Hyun Lee),정선경(Sun Kyoung Jeoung),황효연(Hyo Yeon Hwang),이승구(Seung Goo Lee) 한국고분자학회 2012 폴리머 Vol.36 No.3

두 가지의 종횡비(ρα=a1/a3 and ρβ=a1/a2)에 의해 특징지어진 3차원 타원체(a1 > a2 > a3)를 사용하여 polypropylene 복합체의 판상형 충전제 함량과 방향이 열팽창률에 미치는 영향에 대해 실험적인 연구를 수행하였다. 측정된 실험적인 값은 Lee와 그의 연구자들이 제안한 이론적인 모델에 의한 계산 값과 비교분석되었다. 판상형충전제로는 운모와 탈크가 사용되었다. 실험 결과로 운모의 경우 종횡비는 ρα= 13.5, ρβ= 1.8이 사용되 어, 20 wt% 함량일때 α11/αm는 약 0.56으로 감소하였으나, α33/αm는 오히려 1.018로 증가함을 보였다. 탈크의 경우의 종횡비는 ρα=3.7, ρβ= 1.4이었고 α11/αm는 0.63으로 감소하였다. 결국 운모와 탈크 모두 그 함량증가에 따라 종단방향과 횡단방향에서 열팽창률은 감소하였으나 수직방향에서는 초기 낮은 충전제 함량에서는 오히려 증가하는 경향을 보였다. Experimental study was performed regarding the effects of disc-like filler orientation and contents on the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of polypropylene composites using the three dimensional ellipsoids (a1 > a2 > a3) analyzed by two aspect ratios(ρα=a1/a3 and ρβ=a1/a2). Measured data were compared with the theoretical approaches proposed by Lee et al. Mica and talc were useed as disk-like fillers in the composites. As experimental results, α11/αm decreased down to ca. 0.56 with mica content of 20 wt% and the aspect ratios, ρα=13.5, ρβ=1.8. However, α33/αm increased to more than 1. In the case of talc, α11/αm decreased to ca. 0.63 with 20 wt% and ρα=3.7, ρβ=1.4. Finally, the longitudinal CTEs (α11) of polypropylene composites decreased as filler contents increased, but normal CTE (α33) increased in the low filler contents like the theory.

판상형 충전제의 함량과 배향에 따른 PP복합체의 영률 변화 연구

서상범(Sang Bum Seo),이용현(Yong Hyun Lee),정선경(Sun Kyoung Jeong),이승구(Seung Goo Lee),이기윤(Kee Yoon Lee) 한국고분자학회 2012 폴리머 Vol.36 No.2

이 논문은 판상형 충전제의 함량과 배향에 따라 폴리프로필렌 복합체의 영률 변화에 미치는 영향을 연구 하였다. 이론적인 예측은 Lee와 그의 연구자들에 의해 제안된 두 개의 종횡비, ρα=a1/a3과 ρβ=a1/a2 를 이용하여 3차원 타원체의 형상을 계산하였고 실험값과 비교 분석하였다. 판상형 충전제로 운모와 탈크를 사용하였다. 충전제의 형태는 SEM을 이용해 관찰하였고, 종횡비는 고분자의 흐름을 기준으로 좌표축을 설정하여 통계적 방법으로 계 산하였다. 충전제가 운모인 경우에 ρα=13.5와 ρβ=1.8이었고, 탈크의 경우는 ρα=3.8과 ρβ=1.4이었다. 또한 충전제 의 2개의 종횡비와 함량이 기계적 물성에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 연구하였다. 운모의 경우 30 wt% 함량일 때 E11이 약 2.7배 향상되었다. 탈크의 경우는 E11이 약 2.3배 향상하였다. This paper studied the effects of the content and the orientation of the disk shape fillers on the modulus of PP composites. The experimental results were compared with the theoretical calculations which included the three dimensional ellipsoids and analyzed by two aspect ratios, ρα=a1/a3 and ρβ=a1/a2 proposed by Lee and his researchers. Mica and talc were used as disk shape fillers in the composites. The shapes of mica and talc were observed by SEM and aspect ratios were statistically calculated. For the case of mica, the average aspect ratios were ρα=13.5 and ρβ=1.8, and for the case of talc, they were ρα=3.8 and ρβ=1.4. Also, the effects of two aspect ratios and the content of filler on the mechanical properties were studied: For 30 wt% of mica, E11 increased up to about 2.7 times, and for the other case of talc, E11 increased up to about 2.3 times, respectively.

치주조직 재생을 위한 칼슘 포스페이트 글라스가 MC3T3-E1 세포의 증식, 분화 및 석회화에 미치는 영향

이용근,송진,이상배,김경남,최성호 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The purpose of this work was to exploring the influence of the prepared calcium phosphate glass on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of the culture system of the pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Polystytene was employed as a control in this experiment. Cells were cultured in a differentiated medium onto the calcium phosphate glass as well as polystyrene, and the number of cells and the protein contents were determined. To examine osteoblast differentiation, the alkaline phosphatase activity was measured. Mineralization was evaluated by staining the calcium deposit with Alizarin red. Culture onto the calcium phosphate glass exhibited no significant difference in cell proliferation compared with control group. The alkaline phosphatase activity in the experimental group, however. was enhanced In the calcium phosphate glass significantly at 10-18 days than that of the control group (p<0.05). Enhancement of bone-like tissue formation by the addition of the calcium phosphate glass was observed since 7 days. The results of the present study indicate that the prepared calcium phosphate glass promotes osteogenesis by increasing collagen synthesis and calcification of the extracellular matrix. It maybe due to greater calcium concentration in the culture medium released from the calcium phosphate glass.

치주조직 재생을 위한 칼슘 포스페이트 글라스 분말이 백서 두개골 결손부의 골조직 재생에 미치는 영향

이용근,문현주,이상배,김광만,김경남,최성호 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The treatment of the tone defects resulting from trauma, neoplasm, surgery, or infection is one of the major concern in dentistry. The major goal is the functional, esthetical regeneration of supporting structures already destructed by disease. Transplantation technique have been used to provide a scaffold for bone regeneration, to augment bony defects resulting from trauma or surgery, to restore bone loss caused by dental disease, to prevent the collapse the alveolar ridge in recent extraction sites, to replace bone loss by periodontal disease, to augment the alveolar ridge in implant surgery. There are autogeneous, allogenic, xenogenic and alloplastic bone-grafts in transplantation. Among the alloplastic bone-graft materials, calcium phosphates have been received the most attention. In this study, the critical size defects were surgically produced in the calvarial bone of Sprague-Dawley rats using the 8 ㎜ trephine bur. Calcium phosphate glass powders with mean diameter 400 ㎛ transplanted onto the produced detects in the experimental group, while sutured without grafting anything in the control group. Histomorphometric as well as radiodensitometric analyses were performed after sacrifice at 2, 4 and 8 weeks following operation. The prepared calcium phosphate glass powder with average size 400 ㎛ in CaO-CaF_2-P_2O_5-MgO-Al_2O_3 promoted new bone formation in the calvarial defects in the Sprague-Dawley rats. New bone was formed in the upper side of the detects as well as the defect margin and dura mater. Experimental group always exhibited higher values in the length, area and density of the newly formed bone than that of the control group. There were significant differences between the experimental and the control groups, except the density after 4 weeks (p<0.05).

바륨 페라이트를 함유한 알지네이트 자성 복합 입자의 제조

이덕연,오영일,김동현,김광만,김경남,이용근 大韓齒科器材學會 2004 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.31 No.1

Magnetic polymer composite materials with high coercivity have potential applications in medical diagnostic technologies, magnetic drug delivery, and hyperthermic cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to prepare the magnetic composite particles by encapsulating barium ferrite powders with alginate and to investigate their physical and biological properties. 0.4 g of sodium alginate was dissolved in 20 ml of distilled water and different amount (0.4~4 g) of barium ferrite powder was dispersed in alginate solution using an ultrasonication method. The resulting barium ferrite-alginate slurry was added dropwise to a CaCl2 solution to form magnetic Ca-alginate composite beads. They were separated by filtration and washed several times with water and ethanol. The final product was then completely dried at 40℃ under vacuum to obtain brownish black powders (0.1~1 mm in size) with a high magnetic response when submitted to a small magnet. Average size of magnetic composite particles was dependent on the amount of barium ferrite and the viscosity of slurry . The morphological and dimensional analyses of magnetic composite particles were performed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Magnetic polymer composite particle was found to maintain the high coercivity. The saturation magnetization value for magnetic Ca-alginate composites increased with the increase of the barium ferrite/alginate ratio. The amount of self-heating induced by hysteresis under an alternating magnetic field was measured as a function of barium ferrite/alginate ratio in distilled water. According to the results, the encapsulated magnetic composite is expected to be useful for hyperthermia and chemotherapy remarkably.