Environmental Microbiology / Microbial Diversity : Calcium Carbonate Precipitation by Bacillus and Sporosarcina Strains Isolated from Concrete and Analysis of the Bacterial Community of Concrete(s)

( Hyun Jung Kim ),( Hyo Jung Eom ),( Chulwoo Park ),( Jaejoon Jung ),( Bora Shin ),( Wook Kim ),( Namhyun Chung ),( In Geol Choi ),( Woojun Park ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.3

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (CCP) is a long-standing but re-emerging environmental engineering process for production of self-healing concrete, bioremediation, and long-term storage of CO2. CCP-capable bacteria, two Bacillus strains (JH3 and JH7) and one Sporosarcina strain (HYO08), were isolated from two samples of concrete and characterized phylogenetically. Calcium carbonate crystals precipitated by the three strains were morphologically distinct according to field emission scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry mapping confirmed biomineralization via extracellular calcium carbonate production. The three strains differed in their physiological characteristics: growth at alkali pH and high NaCl concentrations, and urease activity. Sporosarcina sp. HYO08 and Bacillus sp. JH7 were more alkali- and halotolerant, respectively. Analysis of the community from the same concrete samples using barcoded pyrosequencing revealed that the relative abundance of Bacillus and Sporosarcina species was low, which indicated low culturability of other dominant bacteria. This study suggests that calcium carbonate crystals with different properties can be produced by various CCP-capable strains, and other novel isolates await discovery.

OB-63 : Positive effects of Teratogenic risk counseling in pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medications

( Hyo Yeon Gwak ),( Jung Eun Lee ),( Ju Young Choi ),( So Yeon Kim ),( Song Mi Park ),( June Seek Choi1,),( Hyun Kyong Ahn ),( Min Hyung Kim ),( Jin Hoon Chung ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Hyun Mee Ryu ),( 대한산부인과학회 2014 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.100 No.-

목적: To evaluate the positive effects of teratogenic risk counseling in pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medication in early pregnancy. 방법: In a prospective cohort study, 250 pregnant women exposed to medications in early pregnancy were recruited after teratogenic risk counseling at Korean MotherSafe Counsling Center, which has given information about teratogenic risk of medication to pregnant women. Positive effects are evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS) for perception on teratogenic risk and percent prefering termination of pregnancy after medication exposures in pregnancy. 결과: Mean age of participants is 31.8±5.3years old. Mean gravidity is 2.4±2.1. Medications exposed in early pregnancy include antibiotics, analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, antacid and so on. Mean perceptive teratogen risk before and after the counseling is 33.9±1.6% and 15.8±1.6%, respectively. And mean percent prefering termination of pregnancy (≥5) before and after the counseling is 31.1±1.9% and 13.5±1.7%, respectively. 결론: Our data suggest that information on teratogenic risk for pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medication may have positive effects for reassuring pregnant women and preventing termination of pregnancy.

Computer Simulation에 의한 FMS의 生産日程 計劃 硏究

최효돈,남현우,문기주,하정진 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1992 硏究報告 Vol.16 No.1

An FMS(Flexible Manufacturing System) consists of a group of computer numerically controlled machines linked by and automated material handling system, and which operates under computer control. FMS's are designed for production of small and medium-sized batchs comprising several different part types with the efficiency of automated mass production and the flexiblity of the job shop. In this research, job scheduling for minimizing APT(average processing time) was studied in FMS with 3 machining centers which are served by a cyclic-unidirectional conveyor while the conveyor speed is set to 1, 2, or 3, respectively. The results of this research could be useful to reduce APT in part manufacturing systems in practice.

한국인 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 골격근에서 인슐린 신호전달체계의 결함

최준혁,이관우,김효정,이동훈,이종우,김정은,엄현채,김경미,최성이,정윤석,김현만 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 제2형 당뇨병에서 나타나는 인슐린 저항성은 간, 지방, 근육 같은 말초조직에서 인슐린의 작용이 떨어지는 것을 말한다. 제2형 당뇨병의 발생기전에 인슐린 저항성과 인슐린 분비능 저하가 같이 관여함은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 인슐린의 세포내에서의 저항성을 규명하기 위한 인슐린의 세포내 신호전달체계에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며 몇몇 연구에서 인슐린 저항성을 가진 골격근육에서 IRS와 관련된 PI3-kinase의 활성감소와 Akt kinase의 활성감소를 보고하고 있으나 아직까지 명확하게 그 기작이 설명되어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상성인, 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 경구당부하검사 및 인슐린 클램프검사를 시행하고 인슐린 클램프 검사시 대상인의 근육을 채취하여 인슐린 신호전달 체계(IR-β, IRS, Akt(PKB, Rac) kinase, GSK-3)를 연구하였다. 방법: 연구대상자는 한국인으로서 경구당부하검사상 정상인 및 당뇨병 환자 각각 11명, 9명을 대상으로 하였으며, 정상인은 건강인으로 과거력상 당대사에 영향을 줄 질환이 없고, 현재 당대사에 영향을 줄 약물 복용 및 다른 소견이 없는 경구당부하검사상 정성 내당능을 보이는 대상자로 하였다. 당뇨병환자는 모두 제2형 당뇨병 환자로 이환기간이 만 5년 이내인 경우로 하고, 인슐린으로 치료하는 대상자는 제외하도록 하였다. 대상자의 연령, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 공복시 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 및 HbA1c, 인슐린, C-peptide를 측정하였고, "HOMA model"을 이용하여 베타세포의 기능와 인슐린저항성 정도를 평가하였다. 정상혈당클램프 검사(euhlycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test)를 시행하고 인슐린 투입 전과 인슐린 투입 30분후, 두차례에 걸쳐 대퇴부 근육생검을 실시한후 western 법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 측정하였다. 결과: 정상인 11명과 당뇨병 환자 9명을 대상으로 하였으며 대상자의 평균 연령, 평균 체질량지수, 체지방량, 허리/엉덩이 둘레의 비(waist hip ratio; WHR)는 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 평균 공복혈당은 정상군 98.0±0.3㎎/dL, 당뇨병군 208.1±16.5㎎/dL(p<0.05), HbA1c는 정상군 5.4±0.5%, 당뇨병군 9.2±0.6%(p<0.05)였다. "HOMA model"을 이용한 베타세포의 기능과 인슐린저항성은 정상군 56.4±8.5%, 1.4±0.2, 당뇨병군 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01), 10.2±6.3(p<0.01)였으며 정상혈당클램프 검사상 포도당 이용률은 정상군 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min, 당뇨병군 3.7±1.1㎎/㎏/min(p<0.01)로 정상군과 당뇨병군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. Western blot법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 인슐린 투입전과 인슐린 투입 30분후 측정하였을 때 IR-β에서는 정상군이 103.9±2.3에서 241.3±18.6, 당뇨군이 108.9±2.2에서 198.7±6.3으로 증가하였다(p=NS). 이는 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 통계적인 차이가 없었다. IRS에서는 정상군이 111.6±7.3에서 295.6±17.2, 당뇨군이 114.5±6.1에서 222.0±23.2로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 24% 감소하였다. Akt kinase에서는 103.4±6.0에서 416.8±29.5로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 43% 감소하였다. GSK-3에서는 정상군이 107.7±6.7에서 595.7±28.1, 당뇨군이 104.3±4.8에서 443.3±12.9로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 25% 감소하였다. 결론: 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 정상인과 비교하여 인슐린 자극후 IR-β는 인산화량의 증가정도가 큰 차이가 없었으나, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3에서는 인산화량의 증가 정도가 감소되는 것으로 보아 상위 인슐린 신호전단체계부터 결함이 있는 것으로 생각된다. Background: The glucose uptake rate is the limiting step in glucose utilization and storage. The failure of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake in muscle appears to be a primary defect of insulin resistance. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of physiological hyperinsulinemia on the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR-β), insulin receptor substrate (IRS), Akt kinase and GSK-3 in isolated skeletal muscle, in people with type 2 diabetes(n=9) and control subjects(n=11). Methods: 75g OGTT and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were done. And vastus lateralis muscle was obtained before and 30 min into the euglycemic clamp. Western blots were performed for tyrosine phosphroylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and phosphorylation of the insulin receptor(IR-β), Akt and GSK-3. Result: There were no statistical differences in the mean age, BMI and body fat between the control subjects and diabetic patients. The fasting blood sugar and HbA_1c in controls and diabetic patients were 98.0±0.3 and 208.1±16.5ng/dl, and 5.4±0.5 and 9.2±0.6%, and 1.4±0.2 in the control subjects, and 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01) and 10.2±6.3(p<0.01) in the diabetic patients, respectively. The insulin resistance from the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min and 3.7±1.1ng/㎏/min in the control subjects and in the diabetic patients, respectively(p<0.01). Compared with the normal controls, insulin-stimulated IR phosphorylation was no different to that in the diabetic patients. However, insulin-stimulated IRS phosphorylation, insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and insulin-stimulated GSK-3 phosphorylation were reduced in the diabetic patients compared with the normal controls by 24, 43 and 25%, respectively(p<0.05). Conclusion: In Korean type 2 diabetic patients, the insulin resistance may be due to the impairment of the upstream insulin signal molecular network. Further studies will focus on determining whether these signaling defects are the cause of the development of insulin resistance, or secondary to the altered metabolic state, associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:685∼697, 2002).

한강 상류유역의 강우강도에 따른 수위 예측 연구

최한규,조현종,백효선 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2010 産業技術硏究 Vol.30 No.B

Recently, there has been enormous damage due to river floodings caused by localized heavy rains. The direct discharge triggered by those torrential rains inflicts severe property damage on the residents of nearby areas. To minimize the possibility of river floodings in case of heavy rains and to predict the possible damage, the management of existing rainfall and water level observatories should be checked and prediction methods based on the characteristics of water usage and floodgate of nearby rivers must be further analyzed. Therefore, this research analyzed the water level change predictions on different spots with a regression equation of rainfall and water levels, using the observation data of the water level observatory in Jeongseon-gun, Gangwon Province and the rainfall observatory which are located on the upper region of the Han river.

영구형 항서맥 심박조율기 환자의 장기추적관찰

최현석,이무용,최영진,최성준,김효수,손대원,오병희,이명묵,박영배,최윤식,이영우,이명용 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.5

불확실성 모델링을 사용한 지하철 건설공사의 확률적 위험도분석

조효남,최현호 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 2000 工學技術論文集 Vol.9 No.1

본 논문은 실제 건설공사에 적용할 수 있는 합리적이고도 체계적인 확률적 위험도분석 평가기법에 관한 연구로서 자료가 절대적으로 부족한 국내 현실에서 효과적으로 적용할 수 있는 위험도분석평가 모델을 제안하였다. 제안된 위험도분석평가 모델은 퍼지기법을 이용하여 전문가의 주관적인 판단을 위험도분석평가에 효과적으로 정량화 함으로써 분석 데이터가 부족한 국내 현실에서도 쉽게 적용 가능하게 하였으며, 언어적 불확실량의 모델링을 위해서 언어적이고 정성적인 표현을 정량적이고 확률적인 표현으로 전환하는 퍼지집합이론을 고려했다. 또한 적절한 분석기법 및 절차를 포함하고 있는 본 논문에서 제안한 절차를 바탕으로 전형적인 지하철 건설프로젝트의 위험도분석평가에 적용하여 건설공사 프로젝트를 위한 위험도 분석평가 모형의 적용성을 검증하였다.

개선된 퍼지램프함수를 이용한 건설공사의 확률적 위험도분석평가

조효남,임종권,최현호 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1998 工學技術論文集 Vol.7 No.1

본 논문의 주된 목적은 실제 건설공사에 적용할 수 있는 체계적인 확률적 위험도분석 평가기법의 개발에 관한 기초연구로서, 우선 건설공사의 위험도분석 평가기법으로 적용 되어온 기존의 사건수분석(ETA : Event Tree Analysis)에 의한 방법[Ang/Tang, 1975]에 퍼지집합의 개념을 도입하여 전문가의 주관적인 판단을 언어학적 변량으로 취급하는 소위 퍼지사건수분석(FETA : Fuzzy Event Tree Analysis) 기법에 대해서 집중적으로 고찰하였다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 확률적 위험도분석 평가모형에 관한 연구로서 건설공사의 확률적 위험도분석 모형을 체계적으로 제시하고, Hadipriono가 임시가설 구조물의 경우에 적용시킨 퍼지사건수분석 기법을 발전시켜 새로운 Ramp 곡선을 제안하였다. Recently, in Korea, the demand for establishment of systematic risk assessment techniques for construction projects has increased, especially after the large construction failures occurred during construction such as New Hang-ju Bridge collapse, subway construction failure, and Taegu gas explosion accidents etc. Most of existing risk analysis techniques such as Event Tree Analysis may not be suitable for realistic risk assessment of construction projects because it is very complex and difficult to estimate occurrence frequency and failure probability precisely due to a lack of data related to the various risks inherent in construction projects like natural disasters, financial and economic risks, political risks, environmental risks as well as design and construction-related risks. The main objective of this paper is to suggest systematic probabilistic risk assessment model and demonstrate an approach for probabilistic risk assessment using advanced Fuzzy Ramp Function introducing Fuzzy set theory concepts. It may be stated that the approach may be very useful for the systematic and rational risk assessment for real construction projects because the approach can effectively deal with all the related construction risks in terms of the linguistic variables that could systematically incorporate expert's experiences and subjective judgement.

흰쥐에서 측뇌실내 5-HT이 혈압에 미치는 영향 및 기전에 관하여

반재현,최효섭,염철호 조선대학교 1994 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.19 No.1

This experiment was performed to examine the cardiovascular effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) administered intracerebroventricularly(ICV) in rats. Rats(male, Sprague-Dawley) weighing 220~280 g were used. They were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium(50 mg/ kg, IP). 5-HT(I~40 ug) was administered into the right lateral ventricle, while blood pressure and heart rate were continuously recorded from the right femoral artery. 5-HT produced a biphasic response in arterial pressure. The initial transient pressor response was followed by a sustained fall of MAP, both of which were dose-dependent. The pressor as well as depressor response was accompanied by bradycardia. The pressor response was potentiated by pretreatment with cyproheptadine(10 ug, ICV), but was abolished by methysergide(10 ug, ICV). The depressor response to 5-HT was significantly attenuated following the treatment with methysergide(10 ug, ICV)or hexamethonium(2.5 mg/ kg/ min, IV). These results suggest that central cardiovascular effect to 5-HT is mediated by a '5-HT_1 -like' receptor mechanism and that the changes in peripheral sympathetic tone play a role, at least in part in its depressor effect.

신뢰성방법에 기초한 강교량의 잔존피로 수명 및 피로 위험도 평가

조효남,임종권,최현호 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1999 工學技術論文集 Vol.8 No.1

본 논문은 잔존피로수명 및 피로파괴 신뢰성해석 절차의 확립을 위해 피로신뢰성방법에 대한 기존 국내외 관련 연구에 대한 심도 깊은 고찰을 수행하였고 실온적인 평가방법을 제시하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Miner 누적손상법칙에 기초한 S-N 피로해석이론 중에서 주로 확률적 S-N 방법과 Ang-Munse's방법에 대한 최근 평가 기술을 집중 고찰하였으며, 이를 실제 성수대교의 붕괴원인 규명에 적용해 봄으로써 그 타당성을 검증하였다. 또한 이를 위해서 성수대교의 붕괴 원인으로 추정되고 있는 핀연결 수직재의 피로응력범위의 보다 정확한 추정을 위하여 shell요소를 사용한 엄밀 국부 FEM해석이 수행되었다. This paper presents practical evaluation methods of the fatigue life and fatigue failure probability for the assessment based on all the available results of various field and labolatory tests. Therefore, both the probabilistic S-N approach and the well known Ang-Munse's fatigue reliability method based on linear damage-accumulation hypothesis, commonly known as Miner's rule, are used and demonstrated in order to verify it's appropriateness. A local FEM analysis using fine meshes shell elements is carried out for the more precise estimation of stress range of the vertical pin-connected hanger whose fatigue fracture triggered the collapse of the bridge.