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The Cry of Fossils: Creation or Evolution?
Choi,Chong Geol 삼육대학교 미래사회와기독교연구소 2021 융합학문과 기독교 Vol.2 No.1
Fossils are being used as evidence to support claims by two sides who have conflicting points about the origin of the world. This paper focuses on changing the view from the old question “What is this?” to the other question, “Why and how did it come to exist?” This research deals with the parts that the two sides mutually recognized about fossils, such as the definitions, generating processes, output conditions, and possibilities. The purpose of this research is to reveal the Creator’s work while viewing the aspects of the fossils’ existence and also to figure out the reasons of existence of fossils through the historical event of catastrophism in Earth’s history.
Impact of Cigarette Smoking: a 3-Year Clinical Outcome of Vasospastic Angina Patients
Byoung Geol Choi,Seung-Woon Rha,Taeshik Park,Se Yeon Choi,Jae Kyeong Byun,Min Suk Shim,Shaopeng Xu,Hu Li,Sang-Ho Park,Ji Young Park,Woong Gil Choi,Yun-Hyeong Cho,이선기,Jin Oh Na,Cheol Ung Choi,Hong Euy 대한심장학회 2016 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.46 No.5
However, it is largely unknown whether smoking adds to any long-term clinical risk in VSA patients. Subjects and Methods: A total of 2797 patients without significant CAD underwent acetylcholine (Ach) provocation test between November 2004 and October 2010. Patients were divided into three groups, based on the presence of coronary artery spasm (CAS) and smoking habits (non-CAS group: n=1188, non-smoking CAS group: n=1214, smoking CAS group: n=395). All CAS patients were prescribed with anti-anginal medications for at least 6 months. The incidence of major clinical outcomes and recurrent angina of these groups were compared up to 3 years. Results: There were considerable differences in the baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics among the three groups, but there was no difference in the endpoints among the three groups (including individual and composite hard endpoints) such as death, myocardial infarction, de novo percutaneous coronary intervention, cerebrovascular accident, and major adverse cardiac events. However, there was a higher incidence of recurrent angina in both the non-smoking CAS group and smoking CAS group, as compared to the nonCAS group. In multivariable adjusted Cox-proportional hazards regression analysis, smoking CAS group exhibited a higher incidence of recurrent angina compared with the non-CAS group (hazard ratio [HR]; 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.46-4.14, p=0.001) and nonsmoking CAS group (HR; 1.76, 95% CI; 1.08-2.87, p=0.021). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking CAS group exhibited higher incidence of recurrent angina during the 3-year clinical follow-up compared with both the non-CAS group and non-smoking CAS group. Quitting of smoking, paired with intensive medical therapy and close clinical follow-up, can help to prevent recurrent angina.
Deformable Motion: Squeezing into Cluttered Environments
Choi, Myung Geol,Kim, Manmyung,Hyun, Kyung Lyul,Lee, Jehee Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Computer graphics forum Vol.30 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We present an interactive method that allows animated characters to navigate through cluttered environments. Our characters are equipped with a variety of motion skills to clear obstacles, narrow passages, and highly constrained environment features. Our control method incorporates a behavior model into well‐known, standard path planning algorithms. Our behavior model, called <I>deformable motion</I>, consists of a graph of motion capture fragments. The key idea of our approach is to add flexibility on motion fragments such that we can situate them into a cluttered environment via constraint‐based formulation. We demonstrate our deformable motion for realtime interactive navigation and global path planning in highly constrained virtual environments.</P>
Choi, Se Yeon,Choi, Byoung Geol,Rha, Seung-Woon,Byun, Jae Kyeong,Shim, Min suk,Li, Hu,Mashaly, Ahmed,Choi, Cheol Ung,Park, Chang Gyu,Seo, Hong Seog,Oh, Dong Joo,Jeong, Myung Ho Elsevier 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.249 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an important factor of adverse cardiovascular events in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors is associated with improved clinical outcomes, however, there are limited data comparing the effectiveness of two different RAAS inhibitors in STEMI patients with DM undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 3811 eligible STEMI patients with DM were enrolled in Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR). They were stratified into two groups: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) group (n=2691) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) group (n=1120). To adjust baseline confounding factors, we performed propensity score matching (PSM) analysis and evaluated individual and composite major clinical outcomes between the two groups up to 2years.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>After PSM, a total of 1049 well-matched pairs were generated. Baseline clinical, angiographic and procedural characteristics were well-balanced between the two groups. The incidence of death, recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), revascularization and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were not significantly different between the two groups up to 2years,</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>In the present study, ACEI and ARB showed comparable effectiveness and safety on individual and composite clinical outcomes in STEMI patients with DM who underwent successful PCI with DES at least up to 2years.</P>
Choi, Jah Yeon,Choi, Cheol Ung,Hwang, Soon-Young,Choi, Byoung Geol,Jang, Won Young,Kim, Do Young,Kim, Woohyeun,Park, Eun Jin,Lee, Sunki,Na, Jin Oh,Kim, Jin Won,Kim, Eung Ju,Rha, Seung-Woon,Park, Chang Elsevier 2018 The American Journal of Cardiology Vol.122 No.6
<P>Although statin use in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is mandatory, it has been suggested to be associated with new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM). In real world practice, moderate-intensity statin therapy is more commonly used than high-intensity statin therapy. In this study, we investigated the impact of moderate-intensity pitavastatin (2 to 4 mg) compared with moderate-intensity atorvastatin (10 to 20 mg) and rosuvastatin (5 to 10 mg) on the development of NODM during a follow-up period of up to 3years. Between November 2011 and May 2015, 2001 patients with AMI who did not have diabetes mellitus were investigated. The cumulative incidence of NODM was evaluated in all groups. To adjust for potential confounders, multinomial propensity scores were used. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the hazard ratio of NODM in the atorvastatin and rosuvastatin groups compared with pitavastatin group. The cumulative incidence of NODM was significantly lower in pitavastatin group compared with the atorvastatin and rosuvastatin groups (3.0% vs 8.4% vs 10.4%, respectively; Log-rank p value = 0.001). After weighting the baseline characteristics of the 3 statin groups by multinomial propensity scores, atorvastatin (hazard ratio: 2.615, 95% confidence interval: 1.163 to 5.879) and rosuvastatin (hazard ratio: 3.906, 95% confidence interval: 1.756 to 8.688) were found to be associated with a higher incidence of NODM compared with pitavastatin therapy on multivariable analysis. Moderate-intensity pitavastatin therapy is associated with a lower incidence of NODM in patients with AMI andhas similar clinical outcomes to moderate-intensity atorvastatin and rosuvastatin therapy.</P>
Choi, Yoon-Geol,Lee, Sang-Won,Lee, Hyeon-Seok,Lee, Su-Chang,Kang, Bongkoo Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2018 IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol.33 No.12
<P>This paper proposes a circuit structure of bidirectional dc–dc converter. This structure uses two switches, two capacitors, a 1:1 transformer, and a control circuit for pulse-frequency modulation. The windings of the transformer are connected in a series-aiding configuration to reduce current ripples and to increase power conversion efficiency <TEX>$\eta _{e}$</TEX>. The capacitors and the leakage inductance of the transformer provide soft-switching conditions. When the proposed converter was designed to operate at a switching frequency of 110–240 kHz, input/output voltages of 100–400 V, and output power <TEX>$P_{o}$</TEX> of 30–300 W, <TEX>$\eta _{e}$</TEX> was ≥97% for <TEX>$P_{o}\,\geq \,{\text{90}}\,{\text{W}}$</TEX> and 93.5% at <TEX>$P_{o}\,= \,{\text{30}}\,{\text{W}}$</TEX>. Experimental results show that the proposed converter is suitable for use in photovoltaic power conversion systems and energy storage systems.</P>
Choi, In-Geol,Cho, Chun-Seok,Cho, Yun-Je,Yu, Yeon-Gyu Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1998 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.31 No.2
An aldolase gene has been cloned from Methanococcus jannaschii. The coding region of the gene has been expressed in E. coli using a pET system to a level of 30% of total cellular proteins. The protein was purified to more than 95 % homogeneity by heat treatment and ion exchange chromatography. The protein performed an aldol condensation reaction with glyceraldehyde as substrate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate as a carboxyl donor. The protein was determined to be a type II aldolase which requires the $Zn^{2+}$ ion as a metal cofactor. This enzyme has a broad range of optimum pH (7-9) and temperature ($50-80^{\circ}C$). It shows strong stability against heat, chemical denaturants, as well as a high percentage' of organic solvents. The half-life of this enzyme at $85^{\circ}C$ is more than 24 h and it maintains more than 90% of aldolase activity in the presence of 6 M urea, 50% acetonitrile, or 15% isopropyl alcohol.
Choi, Jin-Young,Chang, Yoon-Jung,Hong, Young-Seon,Heo, Dae-Seog,Kim, Sam-Yong,Lee, Jung-Lim,Choi, Jong-Soo,Kang, Ki-Mun,Kim, Si-Young,Jeong, Hyun-Sik,Lee, Chang-Geol,Choi, Youn-Seon,Lim, Ho-Yeong,Yun, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4
Objectives: To investigate in depth the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) by cancer patients at the end-of-life (EOL) and how they communicate with physicians about them. Design and location: In 17 hospitals in Korea between January and December 2004 we identified 4,042 families of cancer patients. Results: The prevalence of CAM use among cancer patients at the EOL was 37.0%, and 93.1% had used pharmacologic types of agents. The most frequent motive for CAM use was the recommendation of friends or a close relative (53.4%) or a physician (1.6%). Only 42.5% discussed CAM use with their physicians. Satisfaction with CAMS was recalled for 37.1%. The most common reason given for that satisfaction was improvement of emotional or physical well-being, while ineffectiveness was the most common reason given for dissatisfaction. The average cost of CAM during the last month of life was $US 900. CAM use was associated with longer disease periods, primary cancers other than liver, biliary, and pancreatic, and need of support from physicians or religion. Conclusions: CAM use among cancer patients at the EOL was common, not discussed with physicians, and associated with expectation of cure. Expectations were generally unmet while the treatments were a financial burden. Further studies evaluating the effects of CAM at the EOL and factors that enhance communication with the physician are needed.
Linkless Octree Using Multi-Level Perfect Hashing
Choi, Myung Geol,Ju, Eunjung,Chang, Jung-Woo,Lee, Jehee,Kim, Young J. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Computer Graphics Forum Vol.28 No.7
<P>Abstract</P><P>The standard C/C++ implementation of a spatial partitioning data structure, such as octree and quadtree, is often inefficient in terms of storage requirements particularly when the memory overhead for maintaining parent-to-child pointers is significant with respect to the amount of actual data in each tree node. In this work, we present a novel data structure that implements uniform spatial partitioning without storing explicit parent-to-child pointer links. Our linkless tree encodes the storage locations of subdivided nodes using perfect hashing while retaining important properties of uniform spatial partitioning trees, such as coarse-to-fine hierarchical representation, efficient storage usage, and efficient random accessibility. We demonstrate the performance of our linkless trees using image compression and path planning examples.</P>