The Effect of Font Type and Font Size on the Legibility in Smart Watch Usage of the Elderly People

Na Kyoung You,Minjee Kim,Chunyan Shan,SungYub Kim,Jungyoon Song,Sangmin Yeo,Donghyun An,Myung Hwan Yun 대한인간공학회 2017 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of character size and font type on legibility of elderly in smart watch usage, and to suggest a design guideline for smart watch - dedicated for legibility enhancement of the elderly people. Background: As the elderly population increases, the demand for health care and relevant costs for elderly are increasing correspondingly. Hence, there have been researches to implement wearable device onto the health monitoring system for elderly. In such manner, smart watch is one of the wearables popularly studied. However, poor legibility due to the small display of smart watch is considered to be a problem for the elderly to fully use it. Thus, legibility should be improved to allow elderly to use the smart watch more conveniently. Method: The task of selecting a target stimulus within two simultaneously given stimuli on a smart watch display was given to participants. A total of 10 sets of stimuli was given, and they were in combination of single font size and type. All subjects performed the task for a total of 8 stimuli sets combining 4 font sizes and 2 font types. The dependent variable is the time to select stimulus and the error occurrence frequency: the number of interference stimulus chosen. Results and Conclusions: In Gothic type, there was no significant differences in recognition time between font sizes. However, in the case of Myung, 9pt, 10pt is better than 11pt, and 12pt. In the case of error frequency, it is shown that 10pt and 11pt results better compared to other two font sizes in case of Gothic. There was no difference in Myung. Application: The results of the study can be the useful guideline to improve legibility for the elderly.

여가활동 프로그램이 정신지체아동의 사회적 기술에 미치는 효과

나운환,이민규,정명현 한국특수교육문제연구소 2002 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.3 No.4

본 연구에서는 정신지체아동에게 놀이 중심의 여가 활동이 이들의 사회적 활동에 미치는 향요인에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 특수학교 고등부 정신지체 학생 20명을 대상으로 하였으며,사회적 기술의 도구는 Gresham Elliott(1990) 의 사회적 기술평정척도(Social Skills Rating System: SSRS) 중에서 사회적 기술척도인 협동,자기주장,자아통제 을 측정하였다. 그 결과로는 여가활동은 정신지체아동의 전반석인 사회적 기술에 영향을 치는 요인으로 나타났으며 정신지체아동의 협동을 증진시키는 영향요인으로 나타났으나,사회적 기술의 하위변인인 자기주장과 자아통제는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. The purpose of this study was investigating the effects of leisure activities prograrn on social skill of students with mental retardation. The subjccts of this study, were 20 high school students of special school locateel in a Kyongbuk province. The test instrument utilized in this studly was Social Skills Rating System developed by Greshum and Elliott(990). The collected data was analyzed by t-test using the SPSS/PC for windows 9.0 program.

사업장 소음 폭로에 의한 일과성 역치 상승과 회복

조수헌,하미나,한상환,주영수,성주헌,강종원,윤덕로,송동빈,이명학,김선태 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.2

To determine the recovery time from noise-induced temporary threshold shift(TTS), a prospective field study was conducted at three worksites where workers are known to be exposed high level of noise. Subjects were selected according to answers on a questionnaire which inquired about otological history and previous noise exposure, including avocational, military and occupational exposures. After excluding employee with past otologic problems, recent exposure to high level noise, and under medications, total 92 employees participated in the study. Among 92 participants, complete consecutive audiometric examinations were carried out at 0∼2 hours, 5∼7 hours, 14∼16 hours after worktime noise exposure on 26 participants wearing hearing protectors and 22 participants wearing no protective devices. The difference between the hearing level 0∼2 hours after noise exposure and 5∼7 hours is statistically significant by paired t-test(p<0.01). The median recovery times calculated from the data of 22 participants wearing no protective hearing devices are 15.6 hours at 4000Hz, and 7.7 hours, 10.3 hours, 8.4 hours at 1000Hz, 2000Hz and 8000Hz respectively. These data suggest that when measuring the pure tone audiometry for noise exposed workers, at least 16 hours noise-free interval is required.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

OPTIMAL AGE BURN-IN AND MAINTENANCE POLICY

MYUNG HWAN NA,SANGYEOL LEE 한국산업응용수학회 2005 Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and A Vol.9 No.2-1

Burn-in is a method to eliminate early failures. Preventive maintenance policy such as age replacement is often used in field operation. In this paper burn-in and replacement policy are taken into consideration at the same time. The optimal burn-in time is obtained in an explicit form.

Bayesian Approach to Mean Time Between Failure Using The Modulated Power Law Process

( Myung Hwan Na ),( Moon Ju Kim ),( Lin Ma ) 한국산업응용수학회(구 한국산업정보응용수학회) 2006 한국산업정보응용수학회 Vol.10 No.20

Smooth Nonparametric Estimation of Mean Residual Life

Na, Myung-Hwan,Kim, Jae-Joo,Park, Sung-Hyun The Korean Society for Quality Management 1999 품질경영학회지 Vol.27 No.1

In this paper we propose a smooth nonparametric estimator of mean residual life based on a complete sample. This estimator is constructed using the maximum likelihood estimate of cumulative failure rate in the class of distributions which have piecewise linear failure rate functions between each pair of observations. We derive the asymptotic properties of our estimator. Examples using simulated data are used to illustrate the performance of this estimation.

Recent Advances In Burn-in

Na Myung Hwan,Son Young Sook,Cha Ji Hwan The Korean Statistical Society 2005 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.12 No.1

Burn-in is an engineering method which is used to eliminate early failures of products or systems after they have been produced. Recently, various models for determining optimal burn-in times have been developed, where some preventive maintenance policies were considered together with burn-in problem. In this paper, a survey of recent research in burn-in is undertaken.

On Optimal Burn-in and Maintenance Policy

Na, Myung Hwan,Son, Young Nam The Korean Statistical Society 2002 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.9 No.3

Burn-in is a widely used method to eliminate the initial failures. Preventive maintenance policy such as age replacement is often used in field operation. In this paper burn-in and maintenance policy are taken into consideration at the same time. The properties of the corresponding optimal burn-in times and optimal maintenance policy are discussed.

Prediction of MTBF Using the Modulated Power Law Process

Na, Myung-Hwan,Son, Young-Sook,Yoon, Sang-Hoo,Kim, Moon-Ju Korean Data and Information Science Society 2007 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The Non-homogeneous Poisson process is probably the most popular model since it can model systems that are deteriorating or improving. The renewal process is a model that is often used to describe the random occurrence of events in time. But both these models are based on too restrictive assumptions on the effect of the repair action. The Modulated Power Law Process is a suitable model for describing the failure pattern of repairable systems when both renewal-type behavior and time trend are present. In this paper we propose maximum likelihood estimation of the next failure time after the system has experienced some failures, that is, Mean Time Between Failure for the MPLP model.