뇌경색후 발생한 Cortical Spreading Depression과 뇌경색 범위에 관한 실험적 연구

박윤관,이승민,김세훈,이기찬,주정화,이훈갑 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.3

Cortical Spreading Depression(CSD) is a transient depression of neuronal activity that spreads across the cortical surface and is associated with profound changes in blood flow, extracellular ion concentration. Direct Current(DC) potentials and cell membrane potentials. One of the electrophysiological disturbance in the periinfarct surrounding is spontaneous occurrence of repeated CSD like DC shifts associated with increased energy demand. Due to restricted blood flow to the periinfarct border zone, elevated metabolic demand is potentially harzardous. So the authors designed this experiment to verify the correlation between periinfarct cortical spreading depression and ischemic volume following permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats(n=27) were anesthetized with 0.5∼1% halothane, and artificially ventilated through a tracheal cannula. Arterial pressure, blood gases and body temperature were controlled. The middle cerebral artery(MCA) was occluded distally to the lenticulostriate branches. Measurements of CSD activity were made for 4 hours in each animal. Infarct volume was determined 6 hours later in 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC)-stained sections. For 4 hours after MCA occlusion, the CSDs were found in all experimental animals with a range of 2∼9 times. Those CSDs wer of varying duration, : "small"(<1 min) and "big"(> 1 min) SDs and mean of total duration of SD was 10.5±10.3 min during 4 hours of MCA occlusion. Neuropathological evaluation of brain infarct in the rats, which had been allowed to survive for 6 hours after MCA occlusion showed a mean volume of 89.7±45.3㎣. Serial observation of duration of CSD showed progressive prolongation only in 8 rats. The rest of them(n=19) did not show any prolongation. Neither the prolongation of duration of CSD nor the frequency of CSD in the penumbral zone correlated with the volume of infarct. However total duration of CSD was slightly related with the infarct volume after 6 hours of the permanent MCA occlusion(r=0.414, p=0.0318).

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

국내 주방쓰레기 발생실태에 관한 연구

민달기,박준환,정연규,정연균 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1993 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

The waste generation rate of Korea is the first rank of the world and waste generation rate is 2.3 kg per capita per day. In spite of the severe waste problem, the management of wastes is very weak and most of wastes landfilled simply, and the study of waste generation and characteristics is also poor. Therfore, in this wtudy, waste source, unit discharge rate and physicochemical property of organic fraction of muicipal solid wastes, (especially food wastes, are inverstigated, and future waste generation is predicted using DYNAMO simulation. As the result, generation rate of food wastes in dwelling area, market place, cafeteria, and food feeding center are 187 g/cap/day, 975 g/㎡/day, 427 g/㎡/day, and 191 g/cap/day respectively. In addition, the total amount of food wastes generation in Korea is estimated 16,395ton/day (or 6million ton/year), or 454g/cap/day as a unit discharge. Also, the food wastes fraction of the total wastes in the year of 2000 and 2010 is predicted increasing by 31.4%(19,302ton/day) and 35.3% (24,362ton/day)respectively.

국내 주개류의 질적 특성에 관한 연구

민달기,전승렬,정연규,이병찬 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1993 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

The Waste generated in Korea have three main distinctive features such as heavy generation, highly portion of briquette ash and organic fraction of municipal solid waste(OFMSW). The management of wastes is confined into simple landfill, and furthermore the suitable landfilling site is subject to restriction. Therefore, Korea government has serious excutive problems to manage the wastes. The establishment of data-base and the evaluation of the characteristics about wastes should be done before any affair. Therefore, in this study, such characteristics as OFMSW form, cooking condition, three composition, density, element analysis, and heating value were evaluated. According to the results of this study, generated from domestic kitchen have vegetable waste more than half of total kitchen wastes, and is characterized by high moisture content, low heating value. In addition, it was found that the improvement of food distribution system and meal preparation program would be the most powerful method to reduce the wastes, and reducing the moisture content from the wastes could make the cost of the wastes management cheaper.

폐타이어 표면에 형성되는 Surface Complex Group에 의한 Cd(Ⅱ)의 제거

정연규,민병현,민달기 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1986 논문집 Vol.18 No.1

This study is an experimental research on the adsorption capacity of Cd(II)by the Discarded Automotive Tires(DAT) in comparision with the Powdered Activated Carbon(PAC) in batch reactor where the adsorbent and the adsorbate were rapidly mixed. As the result. DAT formed the functional group on the surgace and removed the Cd(II) by the mechanism of the ion exchange and the adsorption. The removal rates of DAT increased with the rise in pH. adsorbent dosage. temperature and chelate concentration. And DAT has proven to be a good adsorbent with its adsorption capacity. not falling behind PAC. The adsorption capacity by unit weight was 9.3mg Cd(II)/g DAT.

회전원판법에 의한 페놀성 폐수처리시 중금속의 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

정연규,민달기,배범한,신창호 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1988 논문집 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구는 회전원판법(RBC) 에 의한 페놀성 폐수의 처리시 Cd(II), Zn(II) 가 페놀 및 페놀성 유기물 제거에 미치는 영향을 비교 분석한 것으로 pH , 온도, 체류시간, 회전속도를 일정하게 한 뒤, 일정한 페놀농도 system 에 Cd(II), Zn(II) 농도의 단계적 변화 후 정상상태(Steady State)에서 페놀과 페놀성 유기물 제거율 및 Cd(II), Zn(II) 농도를 측정하였다. 본 연구에서 실험결과를 분석하여 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 미생물이 Cd(II), Zn(II)의 독성에 영향을 받아, 페놀 및 페놀성 유기물제거율이 감소되었다. 특히, 페놀농도 400mg/L system 에서 Cd(II), Zn(II) 50mg/L 을 유입시킬 때 페놀 및 페놀성 유기물제거율이 50% 미만으로 감소되었다. 또한 Cd(II), Zn(II) 유입으로 system 내의 미생물 종류변화가 거의 일어나지 않는다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. This study is an experimental research about the effects of heavy metal on treatment of phenol and phenolic organics using Rotating Biological Contactors. The concentrations of phenol, phenolic organics, and heavy metal are measured at study after the concentration of heavy metal is made to be changed by steps in constant phenolic concentration system. The temperature, pH, retention time, and the time of rotation are set to be constant. This results of this study obtained by analysing the experimental data are as follows: (1) Phenol removal efficiency and phenolic organics removal efficiency decreased because micro-organism was affected by the toxicity heavy metal. (2) When heavy metal concentration 50 mg/L was inflowed in phenol concentration 400mg/L system, phenol and phenolic organics removal efficiency decreased less than 50 percents. (3) It can be known that change of microorganism species with system was not occured by heavy metal inflow.

職場人의Sports參與度에 關한 調査硏究

오정환,정용승,민춘기 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1988 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.1

This research had been made our having selected total 800 persons of 10 production manufacturers located in Chung Ju city and, had carried out the question after that, 660 answers had been handed statizticallynare and, the relationship had been surveyed. 1. In the sports participation by sex. (men 57%, women 30.5%) showed more active than women, and clerical workers also showed more active than skilled workers (Clerical workers 58.3%, Skilled workers 39.37%) 2. In the place of sports participation men use the 32.9% of facilities in the neighborhood and 27% of tose in the company. It whows that women enjoy sports at home in the rate of 30.5%, and regional facilities in the rate of 24.7%, and it shows that both clerical workers and skilled workers normally regianal facilities. 3. The actual condition that employees play sports activities showed kind of sluggish proportion men normally showed high rate (23.8%) in football, and women high rate (20.7%) in the table tennis. In case of clerical & the skilled workers also showed high rate in table tennis. 4. In there reason for their participation in sports activities, it shows that men and clerical workers play for their health, their joy, therir mental training and it showed that women skilled workers play for their joy, their health, and their moral Culture. 5. The reason for their impossibility of sport participation showed that both of them lack time officially, they are tired and they lack place, and facilities, In the clerical and the skilled workers almost showed the identical rate. 6. In the Satisfaction of sports facilities, and skilled workers. They showed 36.7% & 37.2% respectively in very dissatisfaction 28.2% & 33.6% respectively in dissatisfaction and 11.3% & 49% respectively in satisfaction, on the other hand, incase of women and clerical workers they showed 37.9% & 26.6% respectively in dissatisfaction 37.6% & 28.0% respectively in very dissatisfaction, and 2.4% & 13.4% Respectivelly in satisfaction. 7. In the future, discion of sports participation showed the result that 84.3% in men and 91.5% in women had participated in sports, and in case of the clerical & skilled workers. They showed that 88.8% in the clerical workers and 87.% in the skilled workers had participated in the sports. 8. In the worker place, regarding the request for sports activities we have to illustrate on the who the time consideration the necessities of leaders and sports program. 9. The media obtaining the sports imformations were generally T. V. newspapers, radio, Especially women obtain a lot of sports information through friend.

A Kinetic Study on the De-Crosslinking and Decomposition of Silane-Cross-Linked Polyethylene in Supercritical Methanol

Hong, Giyoung,Hong, Soon Man,Koo, Chong Min,Baek, Bum Ki,Lee, Hong-shik,Lee, Youn-Woo American Chemical Society 2015 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.54 No.48

<P>De-crosslinking of silane-cross-linked polyethylene (S-XLPE) in supercritical methanol was investigated. Changes in gel content and molecular weight with reaction temperature and reaction time were analyzed in a batch reactor, and kinetic parameters were calculated from the experimental data. The reaction time for de-crosslinking shortened as the reaction temperature increased and the complete de-crosslinking of S-XLPE was achieved at 320 °C and 20 min. The de-crosslinking rate of S-XLPE fit well with the first order reaction model. In addition, the molecular weight of de-cross-linked polyethylene (DXPE) decreased further as reaction temperature and reaction time increased when the reaction temperature exceeded 360 °C relative to that of the original polyethylene before being cross-linked. The decreasing molecular weight trend also fit well with the first order reaction model.</P>

신기능과 혈색소의 관계

우학 ( Hak Woo ),신민호 ( Min Ho Shin ),김옥기 ( Ok Ki Kim ),배우균 ( Woo Kyun Bae ),조영욱 ( Young Wook Cho ),이연경 ( Youn Kyoung Lee ),마성권 ( Seong Kwon Ma ),김수완 ( Soo Wan Kim ),김남호 ( Nam Ho Kim ),최기철 ( Ki Chul Choi 대한내과학회 2007 대한내과학회지 Vol.72 No.2

목적: 빈혈은 만성신질환 환자들에서 좌심실비대 등 건강에 여러 가지 악영향을 미치는 중요한 합병증 중의 하나이다. 기저질환에 관계없이 신기능의 악화에 따른 빈혈의 발생빈도, 혈색소 농도와 적혈구용적률의 변화 및 성별에 따른 차이를 알아보기 위해 이 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 전남대학교병원 내과에서 치료하고 있는 환자들 중 남성 157명, 여성 132명의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. MDRD 등식에 따라 추정 사구체여과율을 측정하고, 사구체여과율(GFR)이 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 이상을 기준(정상)으로 하여, 추정 사구체여과율이 10 mL/min/1.73 m2씩 감소함에 따라 9개 군으로 분류하여 기준과 비교하여 평균 혈색소 농도와 적혈구용적률이 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소하는 신기능의 범위를 찾아서 남성과 여성을 각각 비교하였다. 결과: 모든 대상 환자들은 기준치(추정 사구체여과율≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2)에 비해 추정 사구체여과율 50≤GFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m2에서 평균 혈색소 농도는 0.8 g/dL(p=0.021), 적혈구용적률은 2.6%(p=0.011)가 감소하였고, 신기능이 감소함에 따라 평균 혈색소 농도와 적혈구용적률은 더욱 유의하게 감소하였다(Hgb.: r=0.635, Hct.: r=0.640, p<0.001). 남성은 기준치에 비해 추정 사구체여과율 40≤GFR<50 mL/min/1.73 m2에서 평균 혈색소 농도는 1.7 g/dL(p<0.01), 적혈구용적률은 4.4%(p<0.01)가 감소하였고, 신기능이 감소함에 따라 평균 혈색소 농도와 적혈구용적률은 더욱 유의하게 감소하였다(Hgb.: r=0.69 8, Hct.: r=0.689, p<0.001). 여성은 기준치에 비해 추정 사구체여과율 60≤GFR<70 mL/min/1.73 m2에서 평균 혈색소 농도는 0.9 g/dL(p<0.01), 적혈구용적률은 2.8%(p<0.01)가 감소하였고, 신기능이 감소함에 따라 평균 혈색소 농도와 적혈구용적률은 더욱 유의하게 감소하였다(Hgb.: r=0.672, Hct.: r=0.687, p<0.001). 결론: 만성신질환 환자들에서 혈색소 농도와 적혈구용적률은 신기능이 감소함에 따라 점차 감소하였고 이것은 경증 내지 중등도 신기능 감소부터 관찰되었다. Background: The goal of this study is to define the relationship between the decreased renal function and anemia, and also to determine whether this relationship is different in male and female patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 289 patients (male:female=157:132) who were followed at the department of internal medicine at Chonnam National University Hospital. General linear models were used to analyze the relationship between the hemoglobin concentration and Modification of Diet in the Renal Disease formula estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (mL/min/1.73 m2). Results: Among all patients, the mean hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit of the men with a Glomerular Filtration Rate of 50~59 mL/min/1.73 m2 was an absolute change of 0.8 g/dL (p=0.021) and it was 2.6% (p=0.011) lower than those of the patients with a Glomerular Filtration Rate≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 and continued to decrease further as the Glomerular Filtration Rate decreased, respectively (Hgb.: r=0.635, Hct.: r=0.640, all p<0.001). Among the male patients, the mean hemoglobin concentration and the hematocrit of men with a Glomerular Filtration Rate of 40~49 mL/min/1.73 m2 was an absolute change of 1.7 g/dL (p<0.01) and it was 4.4% (p<0.01) lower than those of the male patients with a Glomerular Filtration Rate≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 and continued decrease as the Glomerular Filtration Rate decreased, respectively (Hgb.: r=0.698, Hct.: r=0.689, all p<0.001). Among the female patients, the mean hemoglobin concentration with a Glomerular Filtration Rate of 60~69 mL/min/1.73 m2 was an absolute change of 0.9 g/dL (p<0.01) and the mean hematocrit was 2.8% (p<0.01) lower than those of the female patients with a Glomerular Filtration Rate ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 and continued to decrease further as the Glomerular Filtration Rate decreased, respectively (Hgb.: r=0.672, Hct.: r=0.687, all p<0.001). Conclusions: A decrease in the hemoglobin concentration was statistically significant in the patients of both genders, along with a moderately decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate (≤60 mL/min/1.73 m2). (Korean J Med 72:191-199, 2007)

A vitronectin-derived peptide reverses ovariectomy-induced bone loss via regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation

Min, Seung-Ki,Kang, Hyun Ki,Jung, Sung Youn,Jang, Da Hyun,Min, Byung-Moo ADMC Associazione Differenziamento e Morte Cellula 2018 Cell death and differentiation Vol.25 No.2

<P>Osteoporosis affects millions of people worldwide by promoting bone resorption and impairing bone formation. Bisphosphonates, commonly used agents to treat osteoporosis, cannot reverse the substantial bone loss that has already occurred by the time of diagnosis. Moreover, their undesirable side-effects, including osteonecrosis of the jaw, have been reported. Here, we demonstrated that a new bioactive core vitronectin-derived peptide (VnP-16) promoted bone formation by accelerating osteoblast differentiation and activity through direct interaction with beta 1 integrin followed by FAK activation. Concomitantly, VnP-16 inhibited bone resorption by restraining JNK-c-Fos-NFATc1-induced osteoclast differentiation and alpha v beta 3 integrin-c-Src-PYK2-mediated resorptive function. Moreover, VnP-16 decreased the bone resorbing activity of pre-existing mature osteoclasts without changing their survival rate. Furthermore, VnP-16 had a strong anabolic effect on bone regeneration by stimulating osteoblast differentiation and increasing osteoblast number, and significantly alleviated proinflammatory cytokine-induced bone resorption by restraining osteoclast differentiation and function in murine models. Moreover, VnP-16 could reverse ovariectomy-induced bone loss by both inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation. Given its dual role in promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption, our results suggest that VnP-16 could be an attractive therapeutic agent for treating osteoporosis.</P>