정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

皮膚科 外來 癩患者의 動態

宋浚榮,朴義守,徐舜鳳,徐基錫,河龍馬,孫在卿,金基洪,金蘭姬 大韓癩學會 1981 癩學 會誌 Vol.14 No.1

전통주거지에 내재된 지속가능한 계획요소에 관한 연구

서기영,임상인 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.9

This study alms to provide detailed methods of traditional residence and suggest sustainable planning elements necessary for development of new residence that can contribute to the development of policy and Introduction of various themes of residence In addition, It sublates the existing residence development limited to the field of housing environment and energy through case studies of traditional residence The methods of the study are as follow, First, briefly introduce the concept of development and related parts from Habitat n agenda that deals With the purpose of human residence development and policy Moreover, It reestablishes the concept of sustainable development and recreates the criterion based on them Second, select a case of traditional residence and find out the basic factors and investigate the present condition by cases through existing reports and survey Sustainability of each cases are briefly explained through theones of Gledion and Alexander Third, synthesize results after analyzing realizable method of studied cases and provide detailed methods and classify them into physical, social, economical, historical' cultural elements Futhermore, It will provide planning elements of sustainable traditional residence based on the result Through all these, 22 physical, 12 social and economical, 8 historical and cultural elements for sustainable planing elements of traditional residence can be suggested Among them, several elements show differences between detailed methods of traditional and foreign Eventually, these have Implication on being used as planning elements unique to traditional residence

리조트 시설의 형태적 특성에 관한 연구

서기영,이성창,이재혁 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.6

The purpose of this study is to provide the design method of the resort facilities to give proper visual characteristics. For this purpose, SD(Semantic Differential Scale) technique was conducted as the main research method and SPSS(Statistical package for the Social Sciences) program was applied for statistical analysis. The results are summarized as follows : (1) The visual factors of resort facilities are defined Harmony, Identification, Order, Entertainment, Decoration and Clearness. (2) There visual factors are closely related to Nature, Shape, Formation, Display, Ornament and Material. (3) Therefore, when planning and designing resort facilities, these relationship can be applied very usefully in systematic fashion.

구속된 비행 청소년들의 석방 후 6개월 이내 재범의 예측요인

서동혁,정선주,손창호,김원식,고승희,함봉진,조성진,김영기,이중재 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.3

연구목적 : 본 연구는 범법행위로 인해 검참에 구속된 청소년들의 6개월 이내 재범여부를 예측할 수 있는 요인을 분석함으로써 재범의 가능성이 높은 청소년들을 조기에 선별하여 적절한 중재를 시행하기 위한 목적으로 시행되었다. 방 법 : 검찰에 구속된 후 교도소나 소년원에 수감되지 않고 석박된 남자 청소년 125명을 대상으로 하였다. 범죄기록 검토를 통해 사회인구학적, 범죄관련 변인들에 대해 조사하였고, 가족환경 및 부모양육태도, 정신병리, 성격장애, 도덕발달수준 등과 연관된 변인을 알아보기 위해, 부모-이동 갈등해결척도(CTSPC), 한국판 가정환경척도(FES), 한국형 부모양육행동척도, 간이정신진단검사(SCL-90-R), Beck 우울증척도, Beck 불안 척도, 한국판 청소년용 도덕발달수준 평가도구와 한국판 성격장애검사(PDQ-R)를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 전체 연구대상 125명 중 55명 (44%)이 석방 후 6개월 이내에 1회 이상의 재범을 행하였다. 재범군은 비재범군에 비해 구속당시 나이가 어리고, 신체적 학대력이 높았으며, 도덕발달수준이 낮고, SCL-90-R의 적대감척도점수가 높으며 PDQ-R의 반사회적 인격장애에 해당되는 경우가 많았다. 두 집단간 가족환경이나 부모양육태도에는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 재범군은 폭력범죄로 구속된 경우가 비재범군에 비해 적었고 첫 범죄시 연령이 어리고 전과가 있는 경우가 많았다. 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 재범에 대한 예측요인으로 첫 범죄당시 연령(오즈비=2.91), 반사회적 성격장애(오즈비=2.85), 신체적 학대력(오즈비=2.65)의 세 변인이 포함되었으며, 재범여부에 대한 판별력은 72.8%로 나타났다. 결 론 : 본 연구결과 구속된 청소년들의 재범률이 매우 높다는 사실과 범죄행위에 가담한 연령이 어릴수록, 반사회적 성격장애가 있고 성장과정 중 부모로부터 학대를 받은 경험이 있을수록 반복적인 범죄를 저지를 위험도가 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 향후 비행 청소년들의 재범을 예방하기 위해서는 이러한 특성을 가진 고위험군에 대한 조기개입 및 적응을 돕기 위한 프로그램의 개발이 중요할 것으로 사료된다. Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the factors predicting recidivism within 6months after release in arrested juvenile delinquents for proper screening and intervention of high-risk-subjects. Methods : The subjects consisted of 125 arrested male adolescents who were released after legal procedure in prosecutor office and court. The socio-demographic and crime-related characteristics. Were evaluated by police records, and the familial, psychopathology and personality characteristics, and the level of moral development measured by the Conflict Tactics Scale(CTS), Family Environment Scale(FES), Parental Behavioral Inventory, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised(SCL-90-R), Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Korean form of Moral Developmental Inventory for adolescents, and Personality Disorder Questionnaire-Revised(PDQ-R). Results : The recidivism rate within 6 months after release was 44% of the initial sample, Recidivists were younger and had higher scores on Anger-hostility scale of SCL-90-R and lower principle morality score than nonrecidivists. More recidivists had history of physical abuse and antisocial personality disorder on PDQ-R than nonrecidivists. They also showed the crime-related characteristics of lower percent of violence crime, higher incidence of previous conviction, younger age of the first crime. Among those variables, logistic regression showed that age of first crime, antisocial personality disorder, and history of physical abuse best predicted the recidivism within 6months after release. Conclusion : These results of present study suggest that the recidivism rate of arrested male adolescents is very high, and the age of first crime, antisocial personality disorder and history of physical abuse were key factors predicting recidivism. To prevent repeated crime of delinquent adolescents, the development of programs for those high-risk groups to help rehabilitation and adaptation in community would be essentil.

正弦波 出力 PAM形 IGBT 인버터에 관한 硏究

서기영,이현우 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1992 硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.-

본 논문에서는 전력용 IGBT를 사용한 새로운 PAM형 PWM 인버터를 제안한다. 제안된 PAM형 PWM 인버터의 출력파형을 이론과 실험적으로 연구 확인 하였다. 선간전압파형은 기본파 성분과 캐리어주파수의 사이 드밴드로 집중되며 저차고조파는 출력파형에 포함지 않았으며, 각 인버터 아암은 2/3주기동안 휴지시간을 설정하므로서 소자의 발열도 줄어든다. 그러므로 방열판의 감소에 의하여 인버터 시스템의 크기도 작아진다. n this paper an new PAM type PWM inverter using IGBT is described. The output waveforms in the proposed PAM type PWM inverter are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The line-voltage waveform is composed of fundamental component and the sidebands of carrier frequency. The lower order harmonics are not included in the output waveform. As each inverter arm does not operate during two-thirds period, the heats, generated in the devices are reduced. That is the size of the inverter system can be minimized because of the reduction in the heat dissipating equipment.

Brushless DC 모터의 磁氣에너지 모델에 의한 토크 제어 시스템 구성

서기영,이수흠,문상필 경남대학교 공업기술연구소 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.19 No.-

본 논문은 자기에너지를 기본으로 한 브러시리스 DC모터의 토크 서보계를 현대 제어공학에 응용해서 새로운 모델을 구성하였다. 그리고 에너지 모델에서 토크와 회전자 자계에 저장된 에너지를 상태변수로 표현하였으며, 고속토크응답에는 무효전력의 주입이 불가능하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 브러시리스 DC모터의 제어에 의한 로봇 조정시스템으로 구성된 영역에서 부하 토크는 비 선형화가 상쇄되므로 정밀선형화 기법이 사용되어진다. 그리고 민감한 전력제어에서 발생하는 고속 토크응답은 시뮬레이션 결과에 의해서 나타내었다. 본 논문에서 제안한 제어시스템의 유용성은 시뮬레이션 결과에 의해서 그 타당성을 확인하였다. This paper present a new approach of the brushless DC motor control system based on magnetic energy model. In this model, the torque and the stored energies in rotor field are chosen as state variables, and these magnetic energies are decoupled. The field-oriented control of the brushless DC motor-robot manipulator system using exact linearizing method in order to cancel nonlinearity in load torque is constructed. It is shown from the simulation results that quick torque responses are obtained by reactive power control. The availabilities of a control system used in the proposed model are confirmed from simulation results.

Contextual Design의 技法에 대한 硏究

徐紀英 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1985 論文集 Vol.36 No.1

Fitting new architecture with its context, so called Contextual Design, is a matter of architectural style and of difficulties involved in establishing a family resemblance between buildings of different eras and styles which stand side by side. Such sympathy has not been a primary concern of architects in the past half century. Most contemporary buildings do not fit appropriately into traditional surroundings, no matter what period. To enthusiastic modernist, it was essential that a building stands out from its neighbors, as a symbol of the future. It shows the fundamentally egoistical and antisocial charactor of the Modern Movement in this regard. But in the past fifteen or tweenty years this belief of the modernists has come under direct attack. Visual conflict between traditional styles and new form that once seemed acceptable now seems insensitive. Thus it has called for changes in the attitude of designing architecture. A variety of ways have been applied to enhance visual relationship between old and new. More efforts have been given to make new building sympathetic to its context. This study is focused ou analyzing the different design approaches and the solutions to achieve this goal of recent trend in architecture, in accordance with various existing conditions.

現代建築의 오나멘트에 對한 硏究

徐起英 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1984 論文集 Vol.35 No.2

There is a new movement undergoing in architecture and design of today-a movement that is bringing back ornament and decoration in ways that are shocking, delightful, and original. Now after fifty years of glass boxes and plain white walls, ornament is back in style. Architects and artists have been developing a new decorative aesthetics. It is often called "Post-Modernism" or "Ornamentalism". Whatever it is called, it means a new use of decorative detail which arrests our attention to please and delight us. The drive to decorate is an attempt to respond to the recognition of the facts that the sensual aspects of buildings are important and that buildings are emotional presences as well as intellectual ones. It is also an urge to tie our new architecture into the larger stream of historical continuity. The purpose of this study is to establish an over view on the decorative phenomenon in current architecture by examining its evolution process and major characteristics.

大學 캠퍼스內 步行路 計劃을 爲한 硏究 : 成均館 大學校自然科學 캠퍼스의 步道 利用 行態 調査를 中心으로

徐紀英,金起中,柳垠朱 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.1

A well designed pedestrian circulation system is considered as one of the most important factor in successful campus planning. Especially the layout of the walkway is a key element which directly affects the efficiency of the system. The purpose of this study is to provide a set of the guidelines that would help designing pedestrian roads in university campus. Tracking down the footpaths around the campus(Sung Kyun Kwan University, Natural Sciences Campus) was the main method of the survey to define the existing conditions and the problems. Selected traces were closely observed and analysed. In an effort to generate the design guidelines, proper solutions were given to each cases in accordance with the characters of the traces.